1、 1 ATIS-0300081 Network Interconnection Interoperability Forum, (NIIF) Wireless Interconnection Types and Dial Patterns 2 ATIS is a technical planning and standards development organization that is committed to rapidly developing and promoting technical and operations standards for the communication
2、s and related information technologies industry worldwide using a pragmatic, flexible and open approach. Over 1,100 participants from more than 350 communications companies are active in ATIS 21 industry committees, and its Incubator Solutions Program. ATIS-0300081, Wireless Interconnection Types an
3、d Dial Patterns, March 2006, Formerly NIIF 0011 ATIS-0300081, Wireless Interconnection Types and Dial Patterns, is an ATIS standard developed by the NIIF under the ATIS OAM&P Functional Group. Published by Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions 1200 G Street, NW, Suite 500 Washington, DC
4、 20005 Copyright 2006 by Alliance for Telecommunications Industry Solutions All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. For information contact ATIS at 202.628.6
5、380. ATIS is online at . Printed in the United States of America. 3 Table of Contents ELEMENTS OF INTERCONNECTION: 4 INTERCONNECTION TYPES: . 4 TYPE 1 4 TYPE 2 5 TYPE 2A 5 TYPE 2B 5 TYPE 2T 5 ANI II DIGITS: . 6 ANI II Digit Pair 61 . 6 ANI II Digit Pair 62 . 6 ANI II Digit Pair 63 . 6 ACRONYMS & DEF
6、INITIONS: . 10 4 ELEMENTS OF INTERCONNECTION: Three basic elements of wireless interconnection to the PSTN are transport via transmission systems (DS-1, DS-3, OC-n), trunks and telephone numbers. Each DS-0 acts as a trunk in the context. Telephone numbers are allocated to wireless service providers,
7、 just as with wireline service providers, through NeuStar, the North American Numbering Plan Administrator (NANPA). Calls originating from a wireline telephone to a wireless subscriber must be routed through the wireline service providers Central Office (CO) where the wireless service providers inte
8、rconnection was originally obtained. These calls are then routed from the wireline service provider to the wireless service providers Mobile Switching Center (MSC) over the actual interconnection links. Switching of wireless calls takes place at the MSC. Wireless interconnections to the PSTN can occ
9、ur from either a cell-site location or an MSC location. If a desired interconnection can be accomplished from a cell-site that is closer to a wireline service provider point of presence (POP) than the MSC, it makes more sense from a cost perspective to place the interconnection into the cell-site. T
10、he interconnection traffic then is backhauled to the MSC for switching. INTERCONNECTION TYPES: TYPE 11Type 1 interconnection describes an architecture whereby the wireless service provider is connected to the local exchange carrier (LEC) via an end-office trunk-side connection with line treatment. T
11、he signaling from the wireless service provider to the LEC does not identify the Mobile Directory Number (MDN). The ANI II digits and the ANI number must be supplied by the LEC as part of the signaling protocol for the trunks to the IXC (either direct trunking or via the access tandem). This interco
12、nnection could be ordered for marketing purposes, simply to obtain local-access telephone numbers or a local presence in a specific geographic area. This strategy applies especially in rural areas. The line ranges used by the wireless service provider to serve its customers are actually owned by the
13、 wireline service provider and assigned to the wireless service provider. Like other types, the switching of calls takes place at the MSC. In some rural areas, it might be necessary to order a Type 1 because it is not cost-effective to order other types of interconnection, such as Type 2A. For examp
14、le, in a remote but relatively large community, a wireless service provider would definitely want to order local telephone numbers. That way, calls between wireless phones and wireline telephones would be carried and rated at the cheapest possible rate, while simultaneously appearing as local number
15、s to the local population. _ 1Significant portions of the information in this section are attributed to, Paul Bedell, Wireless Crash Course in Wireless, Section(s) 14.5.3, 14.5.4 (2d ed. 2005). 5 Type 1 interconnections also carry 911 traffic, 411 traffic, 0+ traffic (credit card calls), 0- traffic
16、(calls to the operator), and toll free traffic. Type 1 interconnections also are capable of carrying traffic to any destination LATA-wide, but Type 2A interconnections are the preferred method for transporting these calls because the rates are usually cheaper to terminate a call to a wireline teleph
17、one. Type 1 interconnections also can be used for traffic that needs to be routed to an IXC when the destination of the call is inter-LATA or interstate. When the amount of traffic in a given wireless market is not great enough to justify a dedicated DS1 circuit, which ties the wireless service prov
18、ider directly to an IXCs POP, wireless traffic is routed to the IXC over a Type 1 interconnection in switched access form. TYPE 2 Type 2 interconnections describe an architecture whereby the wireless service provider acts as an end-office and has trunk-side connections to LEC access tandem, or conne
19、ctions direct to the IXC. The trunk signaling protocol normally includes the forwarding of the ANI II digits and the MDN in the ANI field. It is recommended that for calls within the NANP, ten digits (including NPA) be sent to the IXC by the wireless service provider. TYPE 2A A Type 2A interconnecti
20、on consists of a trunk group between a wireless service providers cell and MSC to a wireline service provider tandem, known as an Access Tandem. Tandems serve as hubbing centers for two or more end offices in a local access and transport area (LATA). In some instances, the local calling area for Typ
21、e 2A interconnections is the entire LATA. Service providers obtain an exchange code block when procuring a Type 2A interconnection to the PSTN through the NANPA. Type 2A interconnection represents the procurement of interconnection at a wholesale rate. Wireless terminated calls are routed to the tan
22、dem where interconnection to the wireless service provider takes place. The NXX code resides in the MSC, not the wireline service provider switch. Routing to the wireless network is based on the Local Routing Number (LRN) or the NPA-NXX code and the actual switching of wireless calls takes place at
23、the MSC. TYPE 2B A Type 2B interconnection consists of a trunk group between a wireless service providers cell or MSC, to a specific LEC end office. These interconnections are used only for local, cost-effective connection to the PSTN to terminate high volumes of traffic to specific exchange codes.
24、They are justified based on the very volume of traffic to exchange codes at a specific end office. An example of an end office is the type of CO that offers regular home or business dial tone. The end office is the lowest link in the chain of switching systems that comprise the PSTN. TYPE 2T A Type
25、2T interconnection is a trunk group to a wireline access tandem that is used to route equal-access traffic from a wireless service providers network to an IXC providers POP. Equal access provides wireless subscribers the opportunity to presubscribe to a given IXC. 6 This type of interconnection prov
26、ides wireless customers access to all long-distance providers via a Feature Group-D trunk, which carries the ANI of the calling party (wireless subscriber), the CIC code of the appropriate IXC (101XXXX) and the dialed number (information digits). ANI II DIGITS: ANI II digit pairs should be used to i
27、dentify wireless traffic when the technical capability exists in the wireless, local exchange carrier, and IXC switches. The pairs below are used for wireless. ANI II Digit Pair 61 Wireless (Type 1) - The “61“ digit pair is to be forwarded to the IXC by the local exchange carrier for traffic origina
28、ting from a wireless service provider over type 1 trunks. (Note: ANI information accompanying digit pair “61“ identifies only the originating wireless system, not the MDN placing the call.) ANI II Digit Pair 62 Wireless (Type 2) - The “62“ digit pair is to be forwarded to the IXC by the wireless ser
29、vice provider when routing traffic over type 2 trunks through the local exchange carrier access tandem for delivery to the IXC. (Note: ANI information accompanying digit pair “62“ identifies that a MDN is placing the call but does not necessarily identify the true call point of origin.) ANI II Digit
30、 Pair 63 Wireless (Roaming) - The “63“ digit pair is to be forwarded to the IXC by the wireless subscriber “roaming“ in another wireless network, over type 2 trunks through the local exchange carrier access tandem for delivery to the IXC. (Note: Use of “63“ signifies that the “called number“ is used
31、 only for network routing and should not be disclosed to the wireless subscriber. Also, ANI information accompanying digit pair “63“ identifies that the MDN is forwarding the call but does not necessarily identify the true forwarded-call point of origin.) 7 THE FOLLOWING TABLE SHOWS THE DIAL PATTERN
32、S FOR CALLS ORIGINATED BY A WIRELESS SUBSCRIBER INSIDE THE HSA (HOME SERVING AREA), OUTSIDE THE HSA WITHIN THE WORLD ZONE 1 AND OUTSIDE WORLD ZONE 1. DIAL PATTERNS FORHOME SUBSCRIBER WITHIN THE HSA DIAL PATTERNS FOR ROAMING SUBSCRIBER OUTSIDE THE HSA BUT WITHIN WORLD ZONE 1 DIAL PATTERNS FOR ROAMING
33、 OUTSIDE WORLD ZONE 1 SUBSCRIBER Local Dialing: NXX+XXXX N/A NPA+NXX+XXXX NPA+NXX+XXXX 1+NPA+NXX+XXXX 1+NPA+NXX+XXXX Toll Dialing: PIC not supported. Default to Serving Carriers Long Distance Carrier of choice. NPA+NXX+XXXX NPA+NXX+XXXX 1+NPA+NXX+XXXX 1+NPA+NXX+XXXX Toll Free Dialing: 1+8YY+NXX+XXXX
34、 1+8YY+NXX+XXXX 1+700+ NXX+XXXX 1+700+ NXX+XXXX International Dialing: 011+CC+NDC + N(S)N 011+CC +NDC + N(S)N N/A N/A (Direct Dial) N/A N/A 00+1+NXX+XXX+XXXX (Direct Dial to U.S.) Customer Care: Route to Home Carrier 611 611 *611 *611 #611 #611 Directory Assistance: 411 411 1+411 1+411 8 *411 *411 #
35、411 #411 555+1212 555+1212 NPA+555+1212 NPA+555+1212 1+NPA+555+1212 1+NPA+555+1212 Operator Services: 0 0 0+NXX+XXXX N/A 0+NPA+NXX+XXXX 0+NPA+NXX+XXXX 01 + CC+NDC + N(S)N 01 + CC+NDC + N(S)N Emergency 911: Route to local PSAP 911 911 *911 *911 #911 #911 CAC Dialing: Route to recorded announcement 10
36、1XXXX+NPA+NXX+XXXX 101XXXX+NPA+NXX+XXXX (CAC dialing may not be available in all areas) 101XXXX+1+NPA+NXX+XXXX 101XXXX+1+NPA+NXX+XXXX 101XXXX+1 101XXXX+1 101XXXX+011 101XXXX+011 Wireless National Security/Emergency Preparedness (NS/EP) calls: 1. GETS 710+NCS+GETS 710+NCS+GETS 9 (0/1)+710+NCS+GETS (0
37、/1)+710+NCS+GETS N/A N/A 00+1+710+NCS+GETS (Overseas to U.S.) 2. WPS *272+NXX+XXXX *272+NPA+NXX+XXXX *272+NPA+NXX+XXXX N/A *272+(0/1)+NPA+NXX+XXXX *272+(0/1)+NPA+NXX+XXXX *272+011+ CC+NDC + N(S)N *272+011+ CC+NDC + N(S)N 3. WPS+GETS *272+710+NCS+GETS *272+710+NCS+GETS *272+(0/1)+710+NCS+GETS *272+(0
38、/1)+710+NCS+GETS *272+710+NCS+GETS (from U.S. to Overseas) *272+710+NCS+GETS (from U.S. to Overseas) 4. UIFN N/A N/A There are UIFN toll free access numbers from Overseas to U.S. using AT& T, MCI and Sprint 10 ACRONYMS & DEFINITIONS: Access Tandem - The term “Access Tandem“ denotes an Access Service
39、 Provider switching system that provides a concentration and distribution function for originating or terminating traffic between end offices and a customers location CAC - Carrier Access Code CIC - A three digit number used with Feature Group B and D to access a particular IXCs switches services fr
40、om a local exchange line. CLASS 3 - IXC Hierarchical interconnection for Class 4 and optional Class 5 switches. CLASS 4 - Tandem Office-Toll Office Interconnection for Class 5 switches and long distance via Class 3 IXCs. Optional direct connection to higher volume Class 4 sites. A Class 4 may also s
41、erve as a Class 5 CO. CLASS 5 - Central Office-End Office Connection to local Customer Premise Equipment and local switching. Capacity typically is up to 100,000 lines, 1 to 10 NXX. CO - Central Office One Class 5 switch with lines to customer locations. Usually less than 100,000 telephone lines per
42、 Central Office. COs are usually owned and operated by LECs or BOCs. COs have connections to Tandem (Class 4 Toll Offices) and are often connect directly to other COs and IXCs. A CO is a major equipment center designed to serve the communications traffic of a specific geographic area. CO coordinates
43、 are used in mileage calculations for local and interexchange service rates. A Non-Conforming CO is one that does not, yet, supports Equal Access. GETS - Government Emergency Telecommunications Service is a White House-directed emergency telephone service provided by the National Communications Syst
44、em (NCS) which supports federal, state, local, and other authorized users. GETS provides emergency access and priority processing in the local and long distance segments of the Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN). GETS is intended to be used in an emergency or crisis situation when the PSTN is
45、congested. EA-CAC DIALING - Recommended treatment for originations where wireless carrier offers Equal Access dialing (currently 101XXXX) but not IXC pre-subscription. In absence of 101XXXX dialing, the wireless carrier designated IXC may be used. EA-PIC - Recommended treatment for originations wher
46、e wireless carrier offers both Equal Access dialing and IXC presubscription. FG-A - Feature Group A (Line Side Connection) One Dial-Up Network Circuit via 2-Wire Connection. FG-B - Feature Group B (Trunk Side Connection / CAC = 950-XXXX) One Dial-Up Network Circuit via 4-Wire Connection (Higher qual
47、ity than FG-A, extra wires for signaling) ANI (callers phone number) Service is optional. FG-C - Feature Group C (Traditional Toll Trunk Connection) Used primarily by AT& T- This feature group was used prior to the implementation of Equal Access (1+ presubscription) beginning in 1984. 11 FG-D - Feat
48、ure Group D (Equal Access Trunk Side Connection) One 1+ Network Circuit via 4-Wire Connection. Also used for 800 Inbound WATS and Calling Card Services. Provides the “ANI“ (callers phone number) for billing purposes. HAS - Home Service Area IXC - Interexchange Carrier providing long distance phone s
49、ervice between LECs & LATAs LATA - Local Access Transport Area LEC - Local Exchange Carrier-Local or regional telephone company that owns and operates lines to customer locations and central office switches. MDN - Mobile Directory Number-The 10-digit billing telephone number assigned to the wireless subscriber in the NPA-NXX-XXXX format. MSC - Mobile Switching Center-Also known as MTSO (Mobile Telephone Switching Office) and MTX (Mobile Telephone Exchange). NCS - National Communications System was established by E.O
