1、Standard WeldingProcedure Specification(SWPS) for Gas TungstenArc Welding withConsumable Insert Rootfollowed by ShieldedMetal Arc Welding ofCarbon Steel (M-1/P-1,Groups 1 or 2) toAustenitic StainlessSteel (M-8/P-8, Group 1),1/8 inch 3 mm through1-1/2 inch 38 mm Thick,IN309, ER309(L), andE309(L)-XX,
2、in the As-Welded Condition,Primarily PipeApplicationsSite LicenseAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015An American National StandardAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015An American National StandardApproved by theAmerican National Standards InstituteJuly 14, 2015Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) forGas Tungsten Arc We
3、lding with Consumable Insert Rootfollowed by Shielded Metal Arc Welding of Carbon Steel(M-1/P-1, Groups 1 or 2) to Austenitic Stainless Steel (M-8/P-8, Group 1), 1/8 inch 3 mm through 1-1/2 inch38 mm Thick, IN309, ER309(L), and E309(L)-XX, in the As-Welded Condition, Primarily Pipe Applications2nd E
4、ditionSupersedes AWS B2.1-1/8-231:2002Prepared by theAmerican Welding Society (AWS) B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance QualificatioUnder the Direction of theAWS Technical Activities CommitteeApproved by theAWS Board of DirectorsAbstractThis standard contains the essential welding variables fo
5、r welding carbon steel to austenitic stainless steel in the thick-ness range of 1/8 inch 3 mm through 1-1/2 inch 38 mm, using manual gas tungsten arc welding, with consumableinsert root, followed by shielded metal arc welding. It cites the base metals and operating conditions necessary to makethe we
6、ldment, the filler metal specifications, and the allowable joint designs for groove welds. This SWPS was developprimarily for pipe applications.ISBN: 978-0-87171-866-22015 by American Welding SocietyAll rights reservedPrinted in the United States of AmericaiiAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015Statement on the Use
7、 of American Welding Society StandardsAll standards (codes, specifications, recommended practices, methods, classifications, and guides) of the AmericWelding Society (AWS) are voluntary consensus standards that have been developed in accordance with the rules of theAmerican National Standards Instit
8、ute (ANSI). When AWS American National Standards are either incorporated in, ormade part of, documents that are included in federal or state laws and regulations, or the regulations of other governmen-tal bodies, their provisions carry the full legal authority of the statute. In such cases, any chan
9、ges in those AWS standardsmust be approved by the governmental body having statutory jurisdiction before they can become a part of those laws andregulations. In all cases, these standards carry the full legal authority of the contract or other document that invokes theAWS standards. Where this contr
10、actual relationship exists, changes in or deviations from requirements of an AWS stan-dard must be by agreement between the contracting parties.AWS American National Standards are developed through a consensus standards development process that bringstogether volunteers representing varied viewpoint
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13、he accuracy or completeness of any information publishedherein.In issuing and making this standard available, AWS is neither undertaking to render professional or other services for oron behalf of any person or entity, nor is AWS undertaking to perform any duty owed by any person or entity to someon
14、eelse. Anyone using these documents should rely on his or her own independent judgment or, as appropriate, seek theadvice of a competent professional in determining the exercise of reasonable care in any given circumstances. It isassumed that the use of this standard and its provisions is entrusted
15、to appropriately qualified and competent personnelThis standard may be superseded by new editions. This standard may also be corrected through publication of amend-ments or errata, or supplemented by publication of addenda. Information on the latest editions of AWS standards includ-ing amendments, e
16、rrata, and addenda is posted on the AWS web page (www.aws.org). Users should ensure that they havethe latest edition, amendments, errata, and addenda.Publication of this standard does not authorize infringement of any patent or trade name. Users of this standard accept anyand all liabilities for inf
17、ringement of any patent or trade name items. AWS disclaims liability for the infringement of anypatent or product trade name resulting from the use of this standard.AWS does not monitor, police, or enforce compliance with this standard, nor does it have the power to do so.Officialinterpretations of
18、any of the technical requirements of this standard may only be obtained by sending a request,in writing, to the appropriate technical committee. Such requests should be addressed to the American Welding Society,Attention: Managing Director, Technical Services Division, 8669 NW 36th St, # 130, Miami,
19、 FL 33166 (see Annex A).With regard to technical inquiries made concerning AWS standards, oral opinions on AWS standards may be rendered.These opinions are offered solely as a convenience to users of this standard, and they do not constitute professionaladvice. Such opinions represent only the perso
20、nal opinions of the particular individuals giving them. These individualsdo not speak on behalf of AWS, nor do these oral opinions constitute official or unofficial opinions or interpretations AWS. In addition, oral opinions are informal and should not be used as a substitute for an official interpr
21、etationThis standard is subject to revision at any time by the AWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance QualificationIt must be reviewed every five years, and if not revised, it must be either reaffirmed or withdrawn. Comments (recomendations, additions, or deletions) and any pertinent data tha
22、t may be of use in improving this standard are required andshould be addressed to AWS Headquarters. Such comments will receive careful consideration by the AWS B2Committee on Procedure and Performance Qualification and the author of the comments will be informed of thCommittees response to the comme
23、nts. Guests are invited to attend all meetings of the AWS B2 Committee onProcedure and Performance Qualification to express their comments verbally. Procedures for appeal of an adverse decision concerning all such comments are provided in the Rules of Operation of the Technical Activities Committee.
24、 A copyof these Rules can be obtained from the American Welding Society, 8669 NW 36th St, # 130, Miami, FL 33166.iiiAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015This page is intentionally blank.ivAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015PersonnelAWS B2 Committee on Procedure and Performance QualifcationJ. L. Cooley, Chair J. C. therefore, eac
25、h system must be used independently.Safety. Safety and health issues and concerns are beyond the scope of this standard and therefore are not addressedherein. Safety and health information is available from the following sources:American Welding Society:(1) ANSI Z49.1, Safety in Welding, Cutting, an
26、d Allied Processes(2) AWS Safety and Health Fact SheetsAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015Page 2 of 17Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)(3) Other safety and health information on the AWS websiteMaterial or Equipment Manufacturers:(1) Safety Data Sheets supplied by materials manufacturers(2) Operating
27、 Manuals supplied by equipment manufacturersApplicable Regulatory AgenciesWork performed in accordance with this standard may involve the use of materials that have been deemed hazardous, andmay involve operations or equipment that may cause injury or death. This standard does not purport to address
28、 all safetyand health risks that may be encountered. The user of this standard should establish an appropriate safety program toaddress such risks as well as to meet applicable regulatory requirements. ANSI Z49.1 should be considered when devel-oping the safety program.Permission to reproduce for in
29、tra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015Page 3 of 17Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)LIMITATIONSThis procedure is not qualified for Notch Toughness or PWHT applications.This SWPS is not applicable for fillet welds.WELDING PROCESSESWelding Pro
30、cesses: Gas Tungsten Arc Welding (Consumable Insert Root) followed by ShieldedMetal Arc WeldingMethod of Application: ManualBASE METALSBase Metal:1Carbon Steel to Austenitic Stainless Steel, M-1, P-1, Group 1 or 2 to M-8, P-8, Group 1Thickness Range: 1/8 in 3 mm through 11/2 in 38 mm for groove weld
31、sPipe Diameter: NPS 3/4 DN 20 minimumFILLER METALSFiller Metal Specification:1AWS A5.30/A5.30M or ASME SFA 5.30 for Consumable Inserts,AWS A5.9/A5.9M or ASME SFA 5.9 for Filler MetalAWS A5.4/A5.4M or ASME SFA 5.4 for ElectrodeA Number 8, F Number 6 for GTAW, and F Number 5 for SMAWClassification: IN
32、309 Class 1 Insert through Class 5 Insert and ER309 (L) for GTAW andE309 (L) -15, -16, or -17 for SMAWDeposit Thickness Range: 11/2 in 38 mm maximum plus reinforcement for groove weldsConsumable Inserts: RequiredPenetration Enhancing Flux: Not permittedJOINT DESIGNSJoint Designs: See Figure 1Backing
33、: Consumable Insert onlyBacking Material: Austenitic Stainless Steel weld metal, Nonmetallic or nonfusing metalretainers are not permittedPOSITIONSPermitted Positions: All, except as notedVertical Progression: UphillPREHEAT AND INTERPASS TEMPERATUREPreheat Temperature: 50F 10C MinimumInterpass Tempe
34、rature: 50F 10C Minimum, 350F 175C MaximumPreheat Maintenance: Continuous or special heating not requiredPermission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding Society1M and P numbers for base metal and F and A numbers for filler metal and weld metal, respectively, are
35、 as detailed inAWS B2.1/B2.1M and ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Section IX.Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)GASTorch Shielding Gas: Argon or AWS A5.32M/A5.32 (ISO 14175 MOD)-l1-ArFlow Rate: 10 ft3/h 4.7 L/min to 25 ft3/h 11.8 L/minBacking/Root Argon or AWS A5.32M/A5.32 (ISO 141
36、75 MOD)-l1-Ar. Gas shall remain in Shielding Gas: place until the joint is completed or at least 3/16 in 5 mm weld metal hasbeen deposited. When introducing gas to initiate a purge, it is necessary tohave at least a 6-volume change of atmosphere within the purge zone priorto welding. As an alternati
37、ve, the oxygen content of the purge zone 2% orless, as measured with an Oxygen Analyzer, prior to welding.Flow Rate: A typical flow rate of 5 ft3/h 2.4 L/min to 15 ft3/h 7.1 L/min may be varieddepending on component configurationTorch Gas Nozzle Size: 1/4 in 6 mm to 3/4 in 19 mm inside diameterTrail
38、ing Gas: NoneTUNGSTEN ELECTRODESType: AWS A5.12M/A5.12 (ISO 6848 MOD) or ASME SFA 5.12, EWTh-2, EWCe-2, or EWLa-1.5Size: 1/16 in 1.6 mm through 1/8 in 3.2 mm diameter sharpened to a pointELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICSAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015Page 4 of 17Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is
39、granted by the American Welding SocietyGROOVE WELDSFiller Metal/Electrode CurrentLayer Classification Dia. in mm AmperesaPolarityRoot IN309 (3/64 1.2, 1/8 3.2, or 5/32 4.0)b65100 DCEN (Straight)2nd Pass ER309(L) 1/16 1.6 50100 DCEN (Straight)2nd Pass ER309(L) 3/32 2.4 70120 DCEN (Straight)2nd Pass E
40、R309(L) 1/8 3.2 90140 DCEN (Straight)Balance E309(L)-XX 3/32 2.4 4080 DCEP (Reverse)Balance E309(L)-XX 1/8 3.2 65110 DCEP (Reverse)Balance E309(L)-XX 5/32 4.0 100150 DCEP (Reverse)Balance E309(L)-XX 3/16c4.8 120190 DCEP (Reverse)a. Values not to exceed capacity of tungsten electrodes.b. Consumable i
41、nsert size.c. Flat and horizontal positions only.Pulsing Current: Not permittedPOSTWELD HEAT TREATMENTPostweld Heat Treatment: None (Not qualified for PWHT applications)Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)TECHNIQUEWeave or Stringer Bead: EitherPeening: Not permittedInitial Cleaning: Chemi
42、cal or mechanical; joint shall be dry prior to weldingInterpass Cleaning: Mechanical onlyBackgouging: Not required, mechanical or thermal when usedSingle or Multiple Electrodes: SingleSingle or Multiple Passes: MultipleMaximum Bead Thickness: 1/4 in 6 mmRepair: Defects in welds shall be removed by m
43、echanical or thermal methods.The repair cavity may differ in contour and dimension from a normal jointpreparation and may present different restraint conditions. Repair of base metal defects shall be in accordance with the requirements of thefabrication document(s).AWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015Page 5 of 17P
44、ermission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyCOMPANY NAME:_In the name of the Company stated above, I accept full responsibility for the application of this SWPS for use with:_ Dated: _Fabrication Document(s): (Such as Code, Specification, or Contract D
45、ocument)Date: _ Approved By: _ Title: _JOINT 1Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)AWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015Page 6 of 17Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyJOINT 3JOINT 2 JOINT 4Figure 1Allowable Joint DesignsGROOVE WELDS: For pipe and t
46、ubular products, see Joints 1 through 13. In addition, joints havinggroove designs resulting from end preparations conforming with ASME B16.25, Butt Welding Ends,are also allowable for application with this SWPS.Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)AWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015Page 7 of 17Permissi
47、on to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyJOINT 5 JOINT 7JOINT 6 JOINT 8Figure 1 (Continued)Allowable Joint DesignsStandard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Figure 1 (Continued)Allowable Joint DesignsAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015Page 8 of 17Permission to repro
48、duce for intra-company use only is granted by the American Welding SocietyJOINT 9 JOINT 11JOINT 10 JOINT 12Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS)Figure 1 (Continued)Allowable Joint DesignsAWS B2.1-1/8-231:2015Page 9 of 17Permission to reproduce for intra-company use only is granted by the A
49、merican Welding SocietyJOINT 13AWS B2.1-1/8-231:201510This page is intentionally blank.Annex A (Informative)Guidelines for the Preparation of Technical InquiriesThis annex is not part of AWS B2. 1-1/8-231:2015, Standard Welding Procedure Specification (SWPS) for GasTungsten Arc Welding with Consumab
