1、 ANSI/AWWA C302-11 (Revision of ANSI/AWWA C302-04) AWWA Standard Effective date: Oct. 1, 2011. First edition approved by AWWA Board of Directors Sept. 4, 1951. This edition approved Jan. 23, 2011. Approved by American National Standards Institute July 15, 2011. 6666 West Quincy Avenue Advocacy Denve
2、r, CO 80235-3098 Communications T 800.926.7337 Conferences www.awwa.org Education and TrainingScience and TechnologySections The Authoritative Resource on Safe Water Reinforced Concrete Pressure Pipe, Noncylinder Type SM Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. ii AWWA S
3、tandard This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a specification. AWWA standards describe minimum requirements and do not contain all of the engineering and administrative information normally contained in specifi- cations. The AWWA standards usually contain op
4、tions that must be evaluated by the user of the standard. Until each optional feature is specified by the user, the product or service is not fully defined. AWWA publication of a standard does not constitute endorsement of any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certify, or approve any prod
5、uct. The use of AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take precedence over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or codes of any governmental authority. AWWA standards are intended to represent a consensus of the water supply industry that the product descri
6、bed will provide satisfactory service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an official notice of action will be placed on the first page of the classified advertising section of Journal AWWA. The action becomes effective on the first day of the month following the month of Journal AWWA pub
7、lication of the official notice. American National Standard An American National Standard implies a consensus of those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions. An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manufacturer, the consumer, and the general public. The existe
8、nce of an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has approved the standard or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standard. Ameri- can National Standards are subject to peri
9、odic review, and users are cautioned to obtain the latest editions. Producers of goods made in conformity with an American National Standard are encouraged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotional materials or on tags or labels that the goods are produced in conformity wit
10、h particular American National Standards. Caution n oti Ce : The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover of this standard indicates completion of the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at any time. ANSI procedures
11、require that action be taken to reaffirm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than five years from the date of publication. Purchasers of American National Standards may receive current information on all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd
12、Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036; (212) 642-4900, or e-mailing infoansi.org. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information or retrieval system, except
13、 in the form of brief excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written permission of the publisher. Copyright 2011 by American Water Works Association Printed in USA Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. iii Committee Personnel The AWWA Standards Subcom
14、mittee on ANSI/AWWA C302, which reviewed and developed this standard, had the following personnel at the time: Terri A. Tovey, Chair H.H. Bardakjian, Consulting Engineer, Glendale, Calif. (AWWA) G.A. Davidenko, Northwest Pipe Company, Saginaw, Texas (AWWA) M.P. Murphy, Ameron International, Rancho C
15、ucamonga, Calif. (AWWA) C.C. Sundberg, CH2M HILL, Issaquah, Wash. (AWWA) T.A. Tovey, CH2M HILL, Bellevue, Wash. (AWWA) The AWWA Standards Committee on Concrete Pressure Pipe, which reviewed and approved this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval: Wayne R. Brunzell, Chair Rich
16、ard E. Lawhun, Secretary General Interest Members H.H. Bardakjian, Consulting Engineer, Glendale, Calif. (AWWA) W.R. Brunzell, Brunzell Associates Ltd., Skokie, Ill. (AWWA) D. Dechant, Dechant Infrastructure Service, Aurora, Colo. (AWWA) L.B. Freese, Freese & Nichols Inc., Fort Worth, Texas (AWWA) J
17、.K. Haney, HDR Engineering Inc., Austin, Texas (AWWA) R.Y. Konyalian, Consulting Engineer, Huntington Beach, Calif. (AWWA) F.S. Kurtz,* Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. (AWWA) S.A. McKelvie, HDR Engineering Inc., Boston, Mass. (AWWA) T.L. Niemann, Elizabeth Niemann & Associates, Louis
18、ville, Ky. (AWWA) J.J. Roller, CTL Group, Skokie, Ill. (AWWA) A.E. Romer, AECOM, Newport Beach, Calif. (AWWA) C.C. Sundberg, CH2M HILL, Issaquah, Wash. (AWWA) * Liaison, nonvoting Alternate Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. iv T.A. Tovey, CH2M HILL, Bellevue, Wash
19、. (AWWA) M.S. Zarghamee, Simpson Gumpertz & Heger Inc., Waltham, Mass. (AWWA) Producer Members J.O. Alayon, Atlantic Pipe Corporation, San Juan, P.R. (AWWA) S.A. Arnaout, Hanson Pressure Pipe Inc., Dallas, Texas (AWWA) G. Bizien,* Hanson Pressure Pipe Inc., St. Eustache, Que. (AWWA) K.M. Brown, Vian
20、ini Pipe Inc., Somerville, N.J. (AWWA) G.A. Davidenko, Northwest Pipe Company, Saginaw, Texas (AWWA) B.D. Keil,* Northwest Pipe Company, Pleasant Grove, Utah (AWWA) R.E. Lawhun, American Concrete Pressure Pipe Association, Fairfax, Va. (ACPPA) M.P. Murphy, Ameron International, Rancho Cucamonga, Cal
21、if. (AWWA) J.A. Tully, Munro Concrete Products Ltd., Utopia, Ont. (AWWA) User Members D.T. Bradley, Standards Council Liaison, Oak Lodge Water District, Portland, Ore. (AWWA) K.A. Danley, Des Moines Water Works, Des Moines, Iowa (AWWA) W.C. Duke, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo. (USBR) J. Galleh
22、er Jr., San Diego County Water Authority, Escondido, Calif. (AWWA) J.G. Grunow, Louisville Water Company, Louisville, Ky. (AWWA) D.H. Marshall, Tarrant Regional Water District, Fort Worth, Texas (AWWA) N.A. Wigner, Los Angeles Dept. of Water & Power, Los Angeles, Calif. (AWWA) * Alternate Liaison, n
23、onvoting Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. v Contents All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this format may be found in a particular standard. Foreword I Introduction vii I.A Background . vii I.B History vii I.C
24、Acceptance . viii II Special Issues ix III Use of This Standard ix III.A Purchaser Options and Alternatives ix III.B Modification to Standard x IV Major Revisions . x V Comments . xi Standard 1 General 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Purpose . 2 1.3 Application 2 2 References 2 3 Definitions . 5 4 Requirements 4.1
25、Permeation 6 4.2 Drawings and Data to Be Provided by the Purchaser 6 4.3 Data to Be Submitted by the Manufacturer 7 4.4 Materials . 7 4.5 Pipe Details . 11 4.6 Fabrication 16 4.7 Fittings and Special Pipe . 22 5 Verification 5.1 Inspection and Testing by the Purchaser 24 5.2 Tests 25 5.3 Testing of
26、Pipe 26 6 Delivery 6.1 Marking 26 6.2 Transportation and Delivery . 27 6.3 Affidavit of Compliance 27 Tables 1 Maximum Individual Pipe Length . 12 2 Pipe Squareness Tolerance . 12 3 Internal Diameter Tolerance 12 4 Minimum Wall Thickness of Pipe . 13 5 Wall Thickness Tolerances . 14 6 Minimum Thickn
27、ess of Sheet or Plate for Fittings of Various Diameters . 23 SEC. PAGESEC. PAGE Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. This page intentionally blank. Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. vii Foreword This foreword is for information onl
28、y and is not a part of ANSI*/AWWA C302. I. Introduction. I.A. Background. Reinforced concrete pressure pipe of the noncylinder type has been used extensively since the turn of the century. This type of pipe is made with one or more cages of steel reinforcing bars or wire encased in concrete. The con
29、crete is usually placed by vertical or centrifugal casting methods. Rubber-gasketed joints may have either steel or concrete bell and spigot surfaces. The pipe is manufactured in sizes ranging from 12 in. (300 mm) to more than 144 in. (3,660 mm) in diameter and is generally made in 8-ft (2.5-m) thro
30、ugh 24-ft (7.5-m) laying lengths. Reinforced concrete pressure pipe, noncylinder type, is designed for the specific combination of internal pressure and external load required for a project, in accordance with the procedures outlined in AWWA Manual M9, Concrete Pressure Pipe. This pipe is normally l
31、imited in working pressure to a maximum of 55 psi (380 kPa) and is used for low-pressure transmission lines in irrigation, industrial and domestic water supply systems, and other applications (see Section III). Design criteria and examples along with installation recommendations and other related da
32、ta pertaining to this pipe are covered in AWWA Manual M9. I.B. History. In April 1943, the AWWA Board of Directors authorized the preparation of “Tentative Emergency Specifications for Concrete Pressure Pipe.” These tentative specifications, which covered several types of pipe in a single document,
33、served a useful purpose during World War II but are now obsolete and have been withdrawn. The first edition of this standard was approved as tentative on Sept. 4, 1951, and made a standard on May 5, 1953. The second edition was made a standard on July 19, 1957. Substantial changes, including the add
34、ition of limiting stresses for combined loading design, were incorporated into the third edition, which was made a standard on Jan. 27, 1964. The fourth edition, dated Jan. 28, 1974, included several significant changes. For - mat and terminology were modified to generally conform to ANSI/AWWA C301,
35、 Standard for Prestressed Concrete Pressure Pipe, Steel-Cylinder Type, for Water and Other Liquids, and section titles were added. The scope of sizes was changed to include 12-in. (300-mm) through 144-in. (3,660-mm) pipe with certain length restrictions as * American National Standards Institute, 25
36、 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036. Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved. viii a function of diameter. Provisions for concrete admixtures were included along with modifications of curing parameters. Design requirements and reference appendixes were ad
37、ded. The fifth edition, dated June 14, 1987, included general format changes and sev - eral minor technical revisions for aggregates. Provisions for pozzolanic materials as a cement replacement under controlled conditions were introduced. Maximum levels for soluble chloride ion (Cl ) content in the
38、concrete mix were established. The criteria for curing the pipe were upgraded. The sixth edition, dated Jan. 22, 1995, was rewritten to reflect the current AWWA standard style. The yield strength and testing frequency of steels was specified. Require- ments for spacing of circumferential reinforceme
39、nt and cage placement supports were added, and requirements for rubber gaskets were expanded. The minimum pipe wall thickness requirements were extended for pipe sizes up to 144 in. (3,660 mm). A sec- tion on the design of fittings was added. The design procedures for this pipe that had been in appe
40、ndix A were moved to AWWA Manual M9. This edition was approved by the AWWA Board of Directors on Jan. 23, 2011. I.C. Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF International (NSF) to develop voluntary thir
41、d-party consensus standards and a certification program for direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of the original consortium included the American Water Works Association Research Foundation (AwwaRF, now Water Research Foundation*) and the Conference of State Health and Environ
42、mental Managers (COSHEM). The American Water Works Association and the Association of State Drinking Water Administrators (ASDWA) joined later. In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact with, drinking water rests with individual states. Local agencies may choose
43、to impose requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate the health effects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state and local agencies may use various references, including 1. An advisory program formerly administered by USEPA, Office of Drinking
44、 Water, discontinued on Apr. 7, 1990. 2. Specific policies of the state or local agency. * Water Research Foundation, 6666 W. Quincy Ave., Denver, CO 80235. Persons outside the United States should contact the appropriate authority having jurisdiction. Copyright 2011 American Water Works Association
45、. All Rights Reserved. ix 3. Two standards developed under the direction of NSF, NSF * /ANSI 60, Drinking Water Treatment ChemicalsHealth Effects, and NSF/ANSI 61, Drinking Water System ComponentsHealth Effects. 4. Other references, including AWWA standards, Food Chemicals Codex, Water Chemicals Cod
46、ex, and other standards considered appropriate by the state or local agency. Various certification organizations may be involved in certifying products in accor- dance with NSF/ANSI 61. Individual states or local agencies have authority to accept or accredit certification organizations within their
47、jurisdiction. Accreditation of certi- fication organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. Annex A, “T oxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures,” to NSF/ANSI 61 does not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not regulated by a USEPA final maximum c
48、ontaminant level (MCL). The MALs of an unspecified list of “unregulated contaminants” are based on toxicity testing guide- lines (noncarcinogens) and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use of Annex A procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifier. ANSI/AWWA C302 doe
49、s not address additives requirements. Users of this stan- dard should consult the appropriate state or local agency having jurisdiction in order to 1. Determine additives requirements, including applicable standards. 2. Determine the status of certifications by all parties offering to certify products for contact with or treatment of drinking water. 3. Determine current information on product certification. II. Special Issues. Special issues are addressed in AWWA Manual M9, Concrete Pressure Pipe. III. Use of This Standard. It is the responsibility of
