1、 The Sustainable Procurement GuideThe Sustainable Procurement Guide Procuring sustainably using BS 8903 Cathy BerryFirst published in the UK in 2011 by BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL British Standards Institution 2011 All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs an
2、d Patents Act 1988, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, photocopying, recording or otherwise without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Whilst every care has been taken in developing and compi
3、ling this publication, BSI accepts no liability for any loss or damage caused, arising directly or indirectly in connection with reliance on its contents except to the extent that such liability may not be excluded in law. While every effort has been made to trace all copyright holders, anyone claim
4、ing copyright should get in touch with the BSI at the above address. BSI has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this book, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appr
5、opriate. The right of Cathy Berry to be identified as the author of this Work has been asserted by her in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. Typeset in Frutiger by Helius www.helius.biz Printed in Great Britain by Berforts Group www.berforts.co.uk Brit
6、ish Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 978-0-580-69861-3Contents Foreword ix About the author xi 1. Sustainable procurement: an overview 1 Introduction 1 Sustainable procurement goals 3 About this book 4 BS 8903 The Bri
7、tish standard for sustainable procurement 5 References 7 2. Sustainable development: the wider context 9 Introduction 9 What is sustainable development and why is it important? 9 Am or edet a i l edl ooka tt hei s s ues 1 1 Creating sustainable communities and a fairer world 12 Sustainable consumpti
8、on and production 14 Natural resource protection and environmental enhancement 15 Climate change and energy 16 Promoting behaviour change 17 How sustainability ambitions vary across organizations 18 Learning summary 20 References 21 3. What is sustainable procurement? 25 Introduction 25 What is sust
9、ainable procurement? 25 Sustainable procurement principles 28 Learning summary 41 References 42 The Sustainable Procurement Guide v4. Why practise sustainable procurement? 45 Introduction 45 What are the business drivers? 45 Summary 60 References 61 5. BS 8903: An overview 65 Introduction 65 Fundame
10、ntals the starting point 65 Procurement process 70 Enablers 85 Summary 90 References 91 6. How far down the supply chain should I go? 93 Introduction 93 Assuring sustainability across the supply chain 93 A suggested methodology 97 Summary 101 References 103 7. Does sustainable procurement cost more?
11、 105 Introduction 105 Sustainability and cost management 105 Value for money 108 Whole-life costing an overview 111 Summary 118 References 119 8. What tools, techniques and skills should I use to promote sustainable outcomes? 121 Introduction 121 Key considerations at each stage 121 vi The Sustainab
12、le Procurement Guide ContentsDeveloping the specification 125 Other ways to consider sustainability requirements in the procurement process 128 Summary 141 References 143 9. Standards, codes of practice and auditing are these enough to assure sustainability within your supply chain? 145 Introduction
13、 145 Codes of conduct and industry standards 146 Why are standards, codes and audits needed? 146 When should auditing take place and how do I determine which suppliers to audit? 148 What else can I do to help assure responsible practices across my supply chains? 156 Summary 159 References 162 10. Ho
14、w do I measure sustainable procurement performance? 165 Introduction 165 What is performance measurement and why is it needed? 166 Types of measures 167 The Flexible Framework 168 Developing meaningful measures 168 Selecting and implementing sustainable procurement measures 175 Translating sustainab
15、le procurement targets into supplier requirements and performance targets 183 Reporting on sustainability 184 Summary 185 References 187 11. What does the future hold? 189 Introduction 189 On the horizon? 189 The Sustainable Procurement Guide vii ContentsBeyond sustainable procurement 194 Summary 19
16、7 References 199 viii The Sustainable Procurement Guide ContentsForeword This book, and the accompanying guidance, BS 8903, is all about trying to translate between procurement and sustainability language to make unfamiliar concepts and terms work in a way we can understand. This is quite a task. Pr
17、ocurement professionals tend to use quite precise language, with objective tender evaluations, precise contract clauses and regimented performance and risk management programmes. Sustainability is contextual and will vary between organizations as they take a different view of how their business inte
18、racts with the society and environment around them. For example, the world faces the universal problem of climate change. According to most scientists the world is warming at a rate that will ultimately limit the ability of the human race to survive on earth. This is coupled with an exponential rise
19、 in the population and industrialization of countries with massive populations such as India, China and Brazil, leading to more emissions and a strain on finite natural resources. There is also a constant dilemma of global or local sourcing; procurement people have spent decades chasing the money in
20、 a global search for cheaper labour and materials. On the other hand, organizations with a high level of interaction with their local community such as local authorities or businesses with a local impact such as developers or operators of public infrastructure have a desire to see more business done
21、 with the communities in which they operate. For the procurement professional it feels like they are being asked to solve world peace and hunger with no help or guidance about how to do it. This book will not solve world peace and hunger, but makes a humble attempt to demystify sustainability for pr
22、ocurement professionals. It takes these global concepts, sets out how these can be translated into business objectives and delivered through a supply chain. We have also set out some case studies and examples of good practice to follow. It is inevitably a snapshot in time, dealing with issues as we
23、see them in 2011. Having taken on board the concepts in this book, it is important for the reader to keep up to date with the issues which change rapidly, as our society changes and as we start to understand more about our impact on the environment. As far as we are aware, this is the first book of
24、its kind marking a new era for sustainable procurement and creating a common language and understanding. It represents collaboration between the author, Cathy Berry aided (and sometimes confused) by myself and my old friend and mentor Martin Sykes. In spite of our The Sustainable Procurement Guide i
25、xefforts to baffle her with our random input, Cathy has done a wonderful job of creating a book which provides straightforward guidance to clarify a subject that is much misunderstood by procurement people. We are also very grateful to the numerous people who provided case studies, model solutions a
26、nd anecdotes that make it an interesting read. Cathys time writing this book was generously given by Action Sustainability CIC, a social enterprise that I am proud to be a director of. Martin and I have given our time for free. Any royalties received from the sale of the book will be used by Action
27、Sustainability CIC to further the body of knowledge related to sustainable business. Shaun McCarthy Director, Action Sustainability CIC Ltd Chair, Commission for a Sustainable London 2012 x The Sustainable Procurement Guide ForewordAbout the author Cathy Berry has over 12 years supply chain experien
28、ce in leading international companies. Her previous role was Supply Chain Risk and Governance Manager for British Airports Authority (BAA), responsible for developing and reporting supply chain risk management strategy, staff capability development and improving supply chain processes to embed risk
29、methodologies. Prior to this Cathy spent 6 years as a procurement consultant gaining significant experience across a range of industry sectors, including pharmaceuticals, telecoms and FMCG. Cathy joined Action Sustainability in 2009 and has primarily been focused on working with the BS 8903 committe
30、e drafting the sustainable procurement guidance standard. Action Sustainability is a not-for-profit social enterprise registered as a Community Interest Company. Set up in 2006, initially funded by Defra through the Business Resource Efficiency and Waste Programme, Action Sustainabilitys aim is to c
31、ontinuously extend, lead and inspire sustainable procurement, by extending the boundaries of best practice. The Sustainable Procurement Guide xi1. Sustainable procurement: an overview Introduction Sustainability is a broad concept examining how societies live, interact and operate. It means trying
32、to find ways for humankind to live, work and play that do not interfere with natures inherent ability to sustain life. It considers our economic, social and environmental needs and involves taking responsibility for the local, regional and global impacts of our way of life. It also requires that we take a longer-term view when making decisions to ensure meeting our own needs does not compromise the needs of others both today and for future generations. We now have greater understanding of the impacts of human activity on our environment. We recognize that if we carry on living the way we
