1、BRITISH STANDARD CONFIRMED FEBRUARY 1986 BS 1296-2: 1972 Specification for Single point cutting tools Part 2: Nomenclature UDC 621.9.025BS1296-2:1972 This British Standard, having been approved by the MechanicalEngineering IndustryStandards Committee,was published underthe authority of the Executive
2、 Board on 15May1972 BSI 11-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MEE/6/3 Draft for comment 71/30933 ISBN 580 07002 6 Co-operating organizations The Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee, under whose supervision this British Standard
3、was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations: The Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on
4、 the committee entrusted with the preparation of this British Standard: Associated Offices Technical Committee Electricity Council, the Central Electricity Association of Consulting Engineers Generating Board and the Area Boards in Association of Hydraulic Equipment England and Wales Manufacturers L
5、td Engineering Equipment Users Association Association of Mining Electrical and Gas Council Mechanical Engineers Institution of Civil Engineers British Chemical Plant Manufacturers Institution of Gas Engineers Association Institution of Heating and Ventilating British Compressed Air Society Engineer
6、s British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Institution of Mechanical Engineers* Association* Institution of Mechanical Engineers British Gear Manufacturers Association (Automobile Division) British Internal Combustion Engine Institution of Plant Engineers Manufacturers Association Institution of
7、Production Engineers* British Mechanical Engineering Confederation Locomotive and Allied Manufacturers British Pump Manufacturers Association Association of Great Britain British Steel Industry London Transport Executive Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Machine Tool Trades Association* Admin
8、istrations Ministry of Defence Department of Employment and Productivity Ministry of Defence, Army Department* (H.M. Factory Inspectorate) National Coal Board Department of the Environment* National Physical Laboratory (Department of Department of Trade and Industry* Trade and Industry) Department o
9、f Trade and Industry National Royal Institute of British Architects Engineering Laboratory Telecommunications Engineering Manufacturing Association Water Tube Boilermakers Association Association of Scientific Technical and Production Engineering Research Association Managerial Staffs Society of Mot
10、or Manufacturers and Traders British Hard Metal Association Standards Associates British Railways Board Trades Union Congress Gauge and Toolmakers Association University of Aston in Birmingham Machine Tool Industry Research Association University of Manchester Institute of Science Ministry of Defenc
11、e (Air Force Department) and Technology Ministry of Defence (Navy Department) Welded Tool Manufacturers Association and 7 National Federation of Engineers Tool individual experts Manufacturers Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS1296-2:1972 BSI 11-1999 i Contents Page Co-oper
12、ating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii 0 Scope 1 1 General 1 2 Types, shapes and styles of single-point tools 2 3 Hand of single-point tools 3 4 Tool elements 3 5 General cutting terms 5 6 Reference systems of planes 7 7 Tool and working angles 8 Appendix A Summary of angles 12 Alphabeti
13、cal index 43 Figure 1 General terms and tool elements 13 Figure 2 General terms and tool elements 14 Figure 3 Tipped single-point and indexable insert single-point tools; toolholder bit and stick insert 15 Figure 4 Solid, butt-welded and deposit-tipped single-point tools 16 Figure 5a Cranked and str
14、aight tools 17 Figure 5b Offset and raised face tools 17 Figure 5c Swan-necked and raised cutting edge tools 17 Figure 6 Shanked boring, parting and tangential tools 18 Figure 7 Right hand and left hand tools 19 Figure 8 General terms and tool elements 20 Figure 9 General cutting terms 21 Figure 10
15、Tool and workpiece motions 22 Figure 11 Corner dimensions 23 Figure 12 Tool surfaces and land widths 24 Figure 13a Tool-in-hand system of planes 25 Figure 13b Tool-in-hand system of planes 26 Figure 14 Examples of tool-in-hand planes associated with the minor cutting edge 27 Figure 15 Choice of P ra
16、nd P ffor a shanked boring tool 28 Figure 16 Choice of P rand P ffor a parting tool 29 Figure 17 Choice of P rand P ffor a tangential tool 30 Figure 18a Tool-in-use system of planes 31 Figure 18b Tool-in-use system of planes 32 Figure 19 Tool-in-use planes showing the effect of feed motion on the or
17、ientation of P rein relation to P r 33 Figure 20a Orientation of the cutting edges for the tool-in-hand 34 Figure 20b Orientation of the cutting edges for the tool-in-hand 35 Figure 20c Orientation of the cutting edges for the tool-in-hand 36 Figure 21a Tool angles normal rake system for a straight
18、tool 37 Figure 21b Tool angles normal rake system for a tangential tool 38 Figure 22 Tool normal rake and clearance angles 39 Figure 23 Tool angles tool base clearance ! b 40 Figure 24a Working angles (general case) normal rake system for a straight tool 41BS1296-2:1972 ii BSI 11-1999 Page Figure 24
19、b Working angles (general case) normal rake system for a tangential tool 42 Table 1 Symbols for land widths associated with the face and flanks 10 Table 2 Symbols for the rake and clearance on the lands for the major and minor cutting edges 11 Table 3 List of symbols 11BS1296-2:1972 BSI 11-1999 iii
20、Foreword This British Standard has been prepared under the authority of the Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee, following the growing realization that the existing British Standards on cutting tools did not adequately define the nomenclature of the parts and angles of cutting tools,
21、 nor serve the practical needs of those concerned with the manufacture and use of those tools. To meet present and future requirements, a single cutting tool nomenclature suitable for use both in the workshop and in the laboratory should be adopted. The main criteria for deciding the best system for
22、 the basis of a vocabulary shouldbe: 1) the specified angles should, if possible, have some physical meaning in relation to the cutting process for which the tool is used; 2) the system should stress the features common to all types of cutting tools and not create a separate and different nomenclatu
23、re for each type of cutting tool; 3) it should be possible to produce the specified angles when manufacturing or reconditioning the cutting tool by simply setting them directly on to the appropriate vice or jig. The nomenclature that has been chosen for defining the rake, clearance and other angles
24、of a cutting tool so as to fulfil these requirements is known as the Normal Rake System. The system is established in this standard as the referred system for use in the UK. Definitions of terms for the Normal Rake System are printed throughout this standard in bold type. Normal type is used for all
25、 other definitions which are used in conjunction with the Normal Rake System for defining completely the geometry of single-point cutting tools. Italics have been used, however, for the definitions of certain additional planes and angles; these are not part of the Normal Rake System, but are conside
26、red of sufficient practical importance to justify their inclusion. In the preparation of this standard, the BSI Committee concerned has worked very closely with an ISO Working Group established in1960 to prepare a basic nomenclature for all cutting tools. This standard for single-point cutting tools
27、 is based on principles and terms developed by ISO, but anticipates formal international agreement on some aspects of the nomenclature. However, the increasing demand for a revised single-point tool standard has prompted the publication of the present standard at this time 1) . Those aspects still t
28、o be studied will be dealt with in future revisions of the standard when international agreement on them has been reached. To reach international agreement on all aspects of the nomenclature, bearing in mind the desirability of providing terms which could be translated without ambiguity from one lan
29、guage into another, some compromises and some changes from accepted usage in individual countries have been inevitable. Changes for the UK will be small and, where they are necessary, have been designed to avoid confusion, although a substantial number of new terms have been introduced. Owing to clo
30、se co-operation between the UK and US delegations to the ISO Working Group, the agreement in the English text between this British Standard and the American Standard on single-point tools will be found to be very close. 1) The ISO basic nomenclature is sufficiently well advanced to proceed with a Br
31、itish Standard, “Basic nomenclature for cutting tools”, and this is to be published shortly. BS1296-2:1972 iv BSI 11-1999 The Committee responsible for preparing this standard wish to express their very sincere thanks to Mr. G. V. Stabler, B.Sc., C.Eng., F.I.Mech.E., F.I.Prod.E., M.I.E.I., formerly
32、Reader in Production Engineering at the University of Strathelyde, whose research and writings on cutting tool nomenclature played an important part in developing the demand for the preparation of this revised British Standard and the related ISO Recommendation. Mr. Stablers profound knowledge of th
33、e subject and his careful and detailed work have been invaluable to the Committee during critical stages of their deliberations. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compli
34、ance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages1to 44 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorpor
35、ated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS1296-2:1972 BSI 11-1999 1 0 Scope This British Standard defines terms for certain basic concepts concerning single-point cutting tools; it deals with those features which are necessary to define the geometry of the cutti
36、ng part. The first three sections define general terms applicable to single-point tools, the types and shapes of single-point tools and the hand of tools, respectively. Subsequent sections define tool elements, tool surfaces, cutting edges, surfaces on the workpiece, tool and workpiece motions and c
37、ertain specific dimensions. Two reference systems of planes are defined, with the aid of which so-called “tool angles” and “working angles” are defined. One reference system of planes is the “tool-in-hand” system; this is used to define the geometry of the tool so that it can be manufactured, sharpe
38、ned and measured. The other reference system of planes, the “tool-in- use” system, is required to define the effective geometry of the tool when it is actually performing a cutting operation. The angles resulting from tool and workpiece motions, together with the tool and working angles defined in S
39、ection7, are summarized in tabular form inAppendix A. 1 General No. Term Definition 11 Tool terminology A tool terminating in a single cutting part (1103). Typical examples are shown in the figures. 1101 single-point cutting tool That part of the tool by which it is held (seeFigure 1 and Figure 2).
40、1102 shank The functional part of the tool which comprises the chip producing elements. 1103 cutting part The cutting edges (4301), face (4201) and flank (4203) are elements of the cutting part (seeFigure 1 andFigure 2). NOTEThe cutting part was previously known as the “point” (BS1886, “Terms and de
41、finitions for single-point cutting tools”, term4002). 1104 wedge The portion of the cutting part enclosed between the face (4201) and the flank (4203). It can be associated with either the major or minor cutting edge (4301). 1105 tip A small piece of cutting material which is permanently fixed by br
42、azing, welding or other suitable process on to a seating formed at the end of a tool shank (seeFigure 3). 1106 indexable insert An insert of cutting material which is clamped into position in a tool holder (1108) and which is not normally reground (seeFigure 3). 1107 stick insert A solid piece of cu
43、tting material of uniform cross section. A cross section of the stick normally forms the face (4201) of the cutting part (seeFigure 3). 1108 tool holder A form of tool shank designed to hold a tool holder bit (2106), indexable insert or stick insert (seeFigure 3). 1109 heel The edge formed by the in
44、tersection of the flank (4203) and the base(4102) (seeFigure 1). 1110 neck An extension of the shank, having a reduced cross section and carrying a relatively small cutting part. Tools having a neck are frequently used for slotting and boring operations (seeFigure 2). 12 Tool dimensions 1201 size Fo
45、r a tool having a shank of rectangular or square cross section, size is expressed by giving, in the order named, the height (depth) of the shank, the width of the shank and the overall length of the tool, e.g.32mm 20 mm 170mm (seeFigure 1 andFigure 2). For a tool having a shank of round cross sectio
46、n, size is expressed by giving, in the order named, the diameter of the shank and the overall length of the tool, e.g.10mm 63mm.BS1296-2:1972 2 BSI 11-1999 2 Types, shapes and styles of single-point tools No. Term Definition 21 Types 2101 solid single-point tool One in which the cutting part and the
47、 shank are of one solid piece of tool steel or other cutting material. (seeFigure 4). 2102 butt-welded single-point tool One in which the cutting part is made from a hard cutting tool material and butt welded to a shank consisting of a material which is itself unsuitable for cutting (seeFigure 4). 2
48、103 tipped single-point tool One in which a tip of hard cutting tool material is permanently attached by brazing or other suitable process on to a seating formed on the end of the shank. The tip is ground to form the cutting part (seeFigure 3). 2104 indexable insert single-point tool One in which an
49、 insert of hard cutting tool material is mechanically clamped in a seating formed on the end of the shank (seeFigure 3). 2105 deposit-tipped single-point tool A tipped tool in which a tip of hard cutting tool material is deposit welded on to a seating formed on the end of the shank (seeFigure 4). 2106 tool holder bit A tool which is inserted into a tool holder, roller box or similar tool holding device. The bit may be of rectangular, square, trapezoidal or round section. It may be s
