1、BRITISH STANDARD BS2957:1958 Incorporating Amendment No.1 Specification for Firemans axe with ashhandleBS2957:1958 This BritishStandard, having been approved by the MechanicalEngineering IndustryStandards Committeeand endorsed by theChairman ofthe EngineeringDivisional Council,was published underthe
2、authority of the GeneralCouncil on 17February1958 BSI03-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference MM/120, MEE/120/6, MEE/120/6/3 Draft for comment CW(MEE)9204 ISBN 0 580 35998 0 Co-operating organizations The Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards
3、Committee, under whose supervision this BritishStandard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations: Admiralty* Air Ministry Associated Offices Technical Committee Association of Consulting Engineers (Incorporated) B
4、ritish Chemical Plant Manufacturers Association British Compressed Air Society British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Association British Engineers Association* British Internal Combustion Engine Manufacturers Association British Iron and Steel Federation* British Railways, the British Transpor
5、t Commission* Central Electricity Authority and Area Boards Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations D.S.I.R.Mechanical Engineering Research Laboratory Engineering Equipment Users Association* Gas Council* High Commission of India Institute of Marine Engineers Institute of Petroleum
6、Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Gas Engineers* Institution of Heating and Ventilating Engineers Institution of Mechanical Engineers* Institution of Mechanical Engineers (Automobile Division) Institution of Production Engineers* Locomotive and Allied Manufacturers Association of Great B
7、ritain* Machine Tool Trades Association Ministry of Labour and National Service (Factory Inspectorate) Ministry of Power Ministry of Supply* Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation* Ministry of Works National Coal Board* National Physical Laboratory (D.S.I.R.) Radio Industry Council War Office The
8、Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above list, together with the following, were directly represented on the Committee entrusted with the preparation of this standard: Association of Municipal Corporations Association of U.K. Plier Manuf
9、acturers British Fire Services Association Chief Fire Officers Association County Councils Association Edge Tool Manufacturers Association Engineers and Allied Hand Tool Makers Association Federation of British Hand Tool Manufacturers Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Forestry Commission H
10、andle Manufacturers Association Home Office Incorporated British Institute of Certified Carpenters Institution of Engineering Inspection Institute of Public Supplies Officers J.E.S.C. Sub-committee on Hand Tools Light Edge Tool and Allied Trades Association London County Council London Transport Exe
11、cutive. The British Transport CommissionBS2957:1958 Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Association of Drop Forgers and Stampers National Association of Tool Dealers National Federation of Building Trades Employers National Federation of Ironmongers National Institute of Agricultura
12、l Engineering National Union of Furniture Trade Operatives Post Office Purchasing Officers Association Royal Horticultural Society Rural District Councils Association Saw Trade Association Society of British Aircraft Constructors Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Ltd. Urban District Council
13、s Association Individual Axe Manufacturers Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 8618 May1995 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS2957:1958 ii BSI 03-2000 Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Material 1 3 Manufacture 1 4
14、 Heat treatment and hardness 1 5 Marking 1 6 Weight 1 7 Dimensions and tolerances 1 8 Finish 1 9 Tests 1 Figure 1 Firemans axe 3 Figure 2 Diagrammatic arrangement of strength testing rig for firemans axe 4BS2957:1958 BSI 03-2000 iii Foreword This standard makes reference to the following BritishStan
15、dards: BS427, Tables of Diamond pyramid hardness numbers. BS641, Dimensions of small rivets for general purposes. BS860, Table of approximate comparison of hardness scales. BS970, Wrought steels. BS2945, Axes and Hatchets. This BritishStandard has been prepared under the authority of the Mechanical
16、Engineering Industry Standards Committee and with the active collaboration of Home Office and Fire Service representatives. The object of the standard is to ensure that the axes are suitable for fire service conditions and that they will always fit a normal pouch. Provisions for the firemans type of
17、 axe were originally incorporated in the draft specification for Axes 1)but it soon became apparent that their special nature and usage required independent treatment and justified a separate specification. It will be noted that the standard refers only to axes which have ash handles and that axes w
18、ith insulated handles are omitted. The reason for this is the same as that for the separation of felling axes from the firemans axestheir special nature. There are certain safety aspects of the insulation which require particular attention in order to provide as much immunity from accidents for the
19、user as is possible through the medium of a specification. Because of this factor a separate standard will be prepared for axes with insulated handles. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their corr
20、ect application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi toiv, pages1 to4 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had
21、 amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. 1) BS2945, “Axes and hatchets”.iv blankBS2957:1958 BSI 03-2000 1 1 Scope This BritishStandard relates to the dimensions, quality and performance of axes with ash handles intended for use by Fire Servic
22、es. 2 Material a) Head. The analysis of the steel from which the axe heads are manufactured shall comply with the following details: Steels of different composition but possessing similar properties to the above may be used as alternatives. b) Handles. The handles shall be manufactured from well sea
23、soned, best straight-grained ash which is free from knots, shakes and other defects. 3 Manufacture The tops and tails of heads shall be cut or blanked from rolled plate and metal inert gas (MIG) welded to forged langets. Alternatively the heads may be forged in one piece from the solid. Sharp corner
24、s shall be reduced in order to remove stress raisers during forging thus giving greater strength in the finished axe head. The eye shall be central in the width of the head. The cutting edge, the centre-line of the pick-end and the handle axis shall all be in one plane. The handles shall be a snug f
25、it in the head and shall be secured by two steel90 countersunk head rivets! in. diameter,1“ in. long, conforming to BS641 2)(see Figure 1). The handles shall be fitted right through the head and shall be flush with the outer face. 4 Heat treatment and hardness The axe head shall be heat treated in s
26、uch a manner that the hardening process penetrates the full section, for a distance back towards the centre of the head of not less than1inch and not more than1“ inches, measured from the cutting edge or the pick end. The hardness-reading anywhere on the surface of the hardened region mentioned abov
27、e shall be within the range500/600 on the Diamond pyramid hardness scale 3)or48/54 on the Rockwell C scale or the equivalent on other approved hardness scales 4) . In cases of dispute on hardness, the Diamond pyramid hardness test shall be used. NOTEWhen using the Diamond pyramid hardness scale, a l
28、oad of30kg may be used with safety “ in. back from the cutting edge. 5 Marking Each tool shall be plainly marked with some ready means of identifying its source, such as the manufacturers name or trade mark. Any additional mark which may be agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer may also
29、be applied to the tools. 6 Weight The weight of the finished axe shall be not less than2lb and not more than2! lb. 7 Dimensions and tolerances The dimensions and tolerances shall be those shown in Figure 1. 8 Finish All the axe heads shall be free from burrs and deleterious defects. They shall be po
30、lished all over and treated with clear lacquer or such other finish as may be agreed between the purchaser and the manufacturer. The handles shall have a natural sanded finish. 9 Tests All axes shall be capable of passing the following tests: a) A bar ! in. diameter, made from a free cutting mild st
31、eel in the as rolled condition, such as steel2C22 of BS10083-1 5) , shall be laid on a solid foundation. This bar shall then be severed by a single heavy blow of the axe. As a result of this test the cutting edge shall suffer no damage and the handle shall still be securely fixed in the head with th
32、e rivets thoroughly tight. carbon not less than0.45percent manganese 0.8percent maximum silicon 0.35percent maximum sulphur 0.06percent maximum phosphorus 0.06percent maximum 2) BS641, “Dimensions of small rivets for general purposes”. 3) BS427, “Tables of diamond pyramid hardness numbers”. 4) BS860
33、, “Approximate comparison of hardness scales”. 5) BS EN10083-1, “Quenched and tempered steels Part1: Technical delivery conditions for special steels”.BS2957:1958 2 BSI 03-2000 b) The axe shall be fitted into a test rig of the general form shown in Figure 2, with the cutting edge resting on the base
34、 plate between the two guides and the point held in the slot in the cap at the top. A weight of224lb shall then be loaded on to the outer edge of the handle. As a result the point shall suffer no damage and the handle shall not be loose in the head. c) A low carbon steel block with an analysis compl
35、ying with steel2C22 of BS10083-1 6)shall be placed on an anvil. A series of heavy blows shall then be delivered manually. As a result the point shall not be damaged nor shall the handle be loose in the head in any way. 6) BS EN10083-1, “Quenched and tempered steels Part1: Technical delivery conditio
36、ns for special steels”.BS 2957:1958 BSI 03-2000 3 All dimensions in inches (metric conversion factor 1 inch = 25.4 mm Figure 1 Firemans axeBS2957:1958 4 BSI 03-2000 All dimensions are in inches Figure 2 Diagrammatic arrangement of strength testing rig for firemans axeblankBS2957:1958 BSI 389 Chiswic
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