1、BRITISH STANDARD BS3054:1959 Incorporating Amendment No.1 Specification for Firemans axe with rubber insulated handleBS3054:1959 This British Standard, having been approved by the MechanicalEngineering IndustryStandards Committeeand endorsed by theChairman of the EngineeringDivisional Council,was pu
2、blished undertheauthorityof the GeneralCouncil on 24March1959 BSI 03-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee references MEE/120, MEE/120/6, MEE/120/6/3 Draft for comment CY(MEE)7893 ISBN 0 580 35574 8 Co-operating organizations The Mechanical Engineering Indu
3、stry Standards Committee, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations: Admiralty* Air Ministry Associated Offices Technical Committee Association of Consulting Engineers
4、(Incorporated) British Chemical Plant Manufacturers Association British Compressed Air Society British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Association British Engineers Association* British Gear Manufactures Association British Internal Combustion Engine Manufacturers Association British Iron and St
5、eel Federation* British Railways, the British Transport Commission* Crown Agents for Oversea Governments and Administrations D.S.I.R.Mechanical Engineering Research Laboratory Electricity Council, the Generating Board and the Area Boards in England and Wales Engineering Equipment Users Association*
6、Gas Council High Commission of India Institute of Marine Engineers Institute of Petroleum Institution of Civil Engineers Institution of Gas Engineers Institution of Heating and Ventilating Engineers Institution of Mechanical Engineers Institution of Mechanical Engineers (Automobile Division) Institu
7、tion of Production Engineers* Locomotive and Allied Manufacturers Association of Great Britain Machine Tool Trades Association Ministry of Labour and National Service (Factory Inspectorate) Ministry of Power Ministry of Supply* Ministry of Transport and Civil Aviation* Ministry of Works National Coa
8、l Board* National Physical Laboratory (D.S.I.R.) Radio Industry Council War Office The Government departments and scientific and industrial organizations marked with an asterisk in the list on the preceding page, together with the following, were directly represented on the Committee entrusted with
9、the preparation of this standard: Association of Municipal Corporations Association of U.K. Plier Manufacturers British Fire Services Association Chief Fire Officers Association County Councils Association Edge Tool Manufacturers Association Engineers and Allied Hand Tool Makers Association Federati
10、on of British Hand Tool Manufacturers Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Forestry Commission Handle Manufacturers Association Home Office Incorporated British Institute of Certified Carpenters Institute of Public Supplies Officers Institution of Engineering Inspection J.E.S.C. Sub-committee
11、 on Hand Tools Light Edge Tool and Allied Trades Association London County Council London Transport Executive. The British Transport CommissionBS3054:1959 BSI 03-2000 Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Association of Drop Forgers and Stampers National Association of Tool Dealers Na
12、tional Federation of Building Trades Employers National Federation of Ironmongers National Institute of Agricultural Engineering National Union of Furniture Trade Operatives Post Office Purchasing Officers Association Royal Horticultural Society Rural District Councils Association Saw Trade Associat
13、ion Society of British Aircraft Constructors Society of Motor Manufacturers and Traders Ltd. Urban District Councils Association Individual Axe Manufacturers Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 8617 June1995 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS3054:1959 ii BSI 03-2
14、000 Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword iii 1 Scope 1 2 Material 1 3 Manufacture 1 4 Heat treatment and hardness 1 5 Weight 1 6 Form, dimensions and tolerances 1 7 Finish 1 8 Marking 1 9 Tests 2 Appendix Recommendations for the storage, care, inspection and periodic
15、retesting of firemens axes with rubber insulated handles 3 Figure 1 Firemans axe with rubber insulated handle 4 Figure 2 Diagrammatic illustration of recommended clamp for checking accuracy and alignment of tang see Clause9 a)i) 5 Table 1 Table of metric equivalents 6BS3054:1959 BSI 03-2000 iii Fore
16、word This standard makes reference to the following British Standards: BS860, Table of approximate comparison of hardness scales. BS903, Methods of testing vulcanized rubber. BS970, Wrought steels. BS2957, Firemans axe with ash handle. This British Standard has been prepared with the active collabor
17、ation of the Home Office, Factories Inspectorate and Fire Service representatives, the prime objectives being to ensure that the tools are suited to Fire Services conditions and that they will be interchangeable with the ash handled axe 1)in the normal pouch. It must be clearly understood that the i
18、nsulated handled axe is not intended as a piece of special equipment which will permit personnel deliberately to operate on electrical circuits; but should rather be regarded as a tool that could give an added degree of safety in circumstances where a live circuit may be accidentally contacted. The
19、fact that the handle of the axe is covered with an insulant is not in itself a guarantee that the user is safe from electric shock, and additional safeguards must be observed when work is carried out on electrical equipment, particularly in view of the fact that the tool may very often be used in we
20、t conditions. The dimensions, tolerances and other figures in the specification are given in the British System which is to be regarded as the standard. The tools are, however, exported to all parts of the world and to assist those using the metric system a conversion table is included. The metric f
21、igures are approximate, and more accurate conversions should be based on the tables inBS350, “Conversion factors and tables”. The Standard has been prepared under the authority of the Mechanical Engineering Industry Standards Committee. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessar
22、y provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pagesi toiv, pages1 to6 a
23、nd a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover. 1) BS2957, “Firemans axe with ash handle”.iv blankBS3054:1959 BSI 03-2000 1 1 Scope This British Standard relates to
24、 the dimensions, quality, finish and performance of axes with rubber insulated handles intended for use by Fire Services. In addition to the final physical and electrical tests on the finished article, certain test requirements to be met during production are laid down. Recommendations for periodic
25、electrical retest of the insulation are included in an Appendix . 2 Material The materials from which the axe shall be manufactured are as follows: a) Head and tang. The axe head complete with tang shall be manufactured from steel conforming to the following analysis: b) Handle. The axe handle shall
26、 be made from black rubber. The rubber shall comply with the requirements of Clause9 a)ii) and shall be free from patches, blisters, porosity, embedded foreign matter or other physical defects. 3 Manufacture The axe blank shall be cut or blanked from rolled plate then flash ground to within 0.005 in
27、 of nominal size (seeFigure 1) to descale and to achieve the size necessary for insertion in the handle mould. Alternatively the head and tang may be forged in one piece from the solid. The tang shall be straight and true within the requirements for accuracy laid down in clause9 a)i), and the cuttin
28、g edge, the centre line of the pick end, and the axis of the tang shall all lie in one plane. The rubber handle shall be moulded to the steel tang and shall have a chequered hand grip as shown inFigure 1. 4 Heat treatment and hardness The axe head and tang shall be heat treated in such a manner that
29、 the whole of the head, and three quarters of the length of tang extending from the head, is hardened within the range500/600HV (Diamond Pyramid Scale) using a30kg load. The equivalent values on other hardness scales 2)may be used, but in cases of dispute the Diamond Pyramid Hardness Test shall be u
30、sed. NOTEWhen using the Diamond Pyramid Hardness Scale, a load of30kg may be applied with safety 1 / 2 in. back from the cutting edge. 5 Weight The weight of the complete axe shall be not less than2lb and not more than2 1 / 4 lb. 6 Form, dimensions and tolerances The form, dimensions and tolerances
31、shall be as shown inFigure 1. 7 Finish Each axe shall comply with the following requirements: a) Axe head and tang. The axe head and tang shall be free from burrs and deleterious defects. All edges of the tang shall be radiused or chamfered, and the tang shall be fully descaled and degreased before
32、the handle is attached. b) Complete axe. The axe head shall be polished all over, and after testing shall be treated with anti-corrosive liquid. It is known that manufacturers sometimes treat the complete tool with lacquer. This is permissible provided that a non-conducting clear lacquer is used and
33、 that the tool is still capable of passing the test requirements of Clause9 c). 8 Marking Each axe shall be plainly and indelibly marked on the head with some ready means of identifying the source of manufacture, such as the manufacturers name or trade mark. Carbon Not less than0.45per cent and not
34、more than0.55per cent Manganese Not less than0.60per cent and not more than0.90per cent Silicon Not less than0.05per cent and not more than0.35per cent Sulphur Not more than0.06per cent Phosphorus Not more than0.06per cent. 2) BS860, “Approximate comparison of hardness scales”.BS3054:1959 2 BSI 03-2
35、000 9 Tests All axes (or components of axes) shall either pass, or be capable of passing, the following tests, as indicated. a) Tests during manufacture. i) Accuracy. All axes shall be tested as follows: The axe head shall be held horizontally in a suitable clamp; any deviation of the tang from true
36、 straightness and squareness with the axis of the head shall not exceed 1 / 32 in. in any direction. A suitable checking clamp is illustrated for guidance inFigure 2. ii) Rubber. The tensile strength, hardness and elongation at break of the rubber shall comply with the following requirements when te
37、sted in accordance with PartsA2, A7 andA19 of BS903. 3) b) Physical testing. Finished axes shall be capable of passing the following tests: i) A bar 1 / 4 in. in diameter made from a free-cutting mild steel in the as-rolled condition, such as steel2C22 of BS10083-1 4) shall be laid on a solid founda
38、tion. This bar shall then be severed with a single heavy blow of the axe. After this test visual examination shall reveal no damage to the cutting edge of the axe. ii) A low carbon steel block with an analysis complying with steel2C22 of BS10083-1. A series of heavy blows shall then be delivered man
39、ually, striking with the pick-end. Visual examination of the point shall reveal no damage after this test has been carried out. c) Insulation test (or periodic retest seeAppendix ). All axes shall pass the following test. No test shall be made less than24hours after vulcanization of the insulated ha
40、ndle. The test voltage shall be20kV alternating. It shall have a frequency in the range48 to62 cycles per second and shall be provided by a transformer. It shall be of approximately sine wave form, and the peak factor shall lie within the limits1.341.48( per cent). The rating of the testing set at t
41、he test voltage shall preferably be not less than2kVA and in any case not less than 1 / 2 kVA per axe tested. The peak value of the test voltage may be measured by a peak voltmeter, in which case the r.m.s. value for the purpose of this specification is the peak value so determined divided by. Alter
42、natively, the test voltage may be determined by a voltmeter suitably connected to the input or output side of the testing transformer, or to a tertiary winding, and calibrated against a sphere gap in parallel with a load equivalent to the normal test load. For details of this method reference may be
43、 made to BS358, “Rules for the measurement of voltage with sphere gap”. For general procedure in voltage measurement and testing, reference should be made to BS2918, “Electric strength of solid materials at power frequencies”. Each axe shall be immersed in tap water, at a temperature of20 5 C, so th
44、at the water reaches to about2in. below the edge of the insulation nearest the head of the axe. The axes shall be immersed for a period of one hour before testing. The water surrounding the axe shall form the external electrode, and the metal of the axe head shall be suitably connected to the high v
45、oltage supply by means of chains or wires. The voltage shall be applied to the test electrodes and raised from zero to the r.m.s. test value as rapidly as is consistent with its value being observed on the measuring instrument, but certainly not less than1kV per second. The full test voltage shall b
46、e maintained for one minute, and the leakage current, if any, shall not exceed2mA and shall be measured during the last15seconds. At the end of that time the voltage shall be rapidly diminished to zero before being switched off. Rejected axes. All axes which fail to pass this test shall have the ins
47、ulation defaced in such a manner as to make it obvious that they should not be used, e.g.by cutting out a portion of the insulation. Before ageing: Tensile strength: not less than700lb/sq.in. Elongation at break: not less than250per cent. BS Hardness: 75 5 degrees. After ageing: After ageing for168h
48、ours at70 C the tensile strength shall be not less than 80per cent, and the elongation at break shall be not less than75per cent of the values before ageing. 3) BS903, “Methods of testing vulcanized rubber”: PartA2. Determination of tensile stress-strain properties. PartA7, Determination of hardness
49、. PartA19, Accelerated ageing tests. 4) BS EN10083-1, “Quenched and tempered steels Part1: Technical delivery conditions for special steels”. 2 2BS3054:1959 BSI 03-2000 3 Appendix Recommendations for the storage, care, inspection and periodic retesting of firemens axes with rubber insulated handles This Appendix relates to the maintenance of axes after purchase a) Storage. Each axe should be stored in a dark place where the temperature is between10 C and25 C. Axes which have been issued for service but are not actually in use should be kept
