1、BRITISH STANDARD CONFIRMED OCTOBER1984 BS3146-2: 1975 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for Investment castings in metal Part 2: Corrosion and heat resisting steels, nickel and cobalt base alloys UDC669145+669.14.018.4.018.8145+669.245145+669.255145BS3146-2:1975 This British Standard, havi
2、ng been approved by the Iron and Steel and the Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committees, was published under the authority of the Executive Board on 30 May1975 BSI03-1999 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference ISM/NFM/6 Draft for comment 73/4323
3、2 DC ISBN 0 580 08812 X Co-operating organizations The Iron and Steel and the Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committees, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the following Government departments and scientific and industrial organization
4、s. The Iron and Steel Industry Standards Committee British Cast Iron Research Association Institution of Mechanical Engineers British Constructional Steelwork Association (Automobile Division) British Ironfounders Association Institution of Production Engineers British Mechanical Engineering Confede
5、ration Institution of Structural Engineers British Steel Industry* Lloyds Register of Shipping Concrete Society Ministry of Defence* Council of Ironfoundry Associations National Association of Drop Forgers Department of Employment and Stampers Department of Industry (NPL) Oil Companies Materials Ass
6、ociation Department of Trade (Marine Division) Process Plant Association Engineering Equipment Users Association Royal Institute of British Architects Federation of Civil Engineering Contractors Shipbuilders and Repairers Greater London Council National Association Institute of British Foundrymen* S
7、ociety of Motor Manufacturers and Institute of Iron and Steel Wire Manufacturers Traders Ltd.* Institute of Marine Engineers Steel Castings Research and Trade Association* Tin Research Institute The Non-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committee Aluminium Federation Institution of Production Engine
8、ers Association of Bronze and Brass Founders* Institution of Structural Engineers British Electrical and Allied Manufacturers Lead Development Association Association Light Metal Founders Association* British Lead Manufacturers Association London Metal Exchange British Non-ferrous Metals Federation
9、Magnesium Industry Council British Non-ferrous Metals Technology Centre Ministry of Defence* British Steel Industry* National Brassfoundry Association Copper Development Association Non-ferrous Metal Stockists Department of Trade (Marine Division) Post Office Electric Cable Makers Confederation Roya
10、l Institute of British Architects Institute of British Foundrymen* Society of Motor Manufacturers and Institution of Mechanical Engineers Traders Ltd.* (Automobile Division) Tin Research Institute Institution of Mining and Metallurgy Zinc Development Association The Government department and industr
11、ial organizations marked with an asterisk in the above lists, together with the following. were directly represented on the committee entrusted with the preparation of this BritishStandard. British Investment Casters Technical Association. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue C
12、omments 4767 March 1985 Indicated by a sideline in the marginBS3146-2:1975 BSI 03-1999 i Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword iii Section 1. General requirements 1 Scope 1 2 References 1 3 Definitions 1 4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser 2 5 Method of manuf
13、acture 2 6 Freedom from contamination 2 7 Chemical composition 2 8 Tolerances 3 9 Freedom from defects 3 10 Heat treatment 3 11 Provision and preparation of test samples 3 12 Tests 3 13 Retests 4 14 Non-destructive testing 4 15 Rectification of defects 6 16 Identification 6 17 Manufacturers certific
14、ate 6 18 The rounding of numbers rule 6 Section 2. Specific requirements for investment castings in corrosionandheatresisting steels and nickel and cobalt base alloys Type ANC 1:13% chromium martensitic steel castings 7 Type ANC 2:18% chromium2% nickel martensitic steel castings 7 Type ANC 3: Austen
15、itic 18% chromium10% nickel steel castings 8 Type ANC 4: Austenitic 18% chromium, 11% nickel3% molybdenum steel castings 9 Type ANC 5: Nickel chromium steel castings 10 Type ANC 6: Chromium nickel steel castings 10 Type ANC 8 : Nickel base 20% chromium0.4% titanium castings 11 Type ANC 9: Nickel bas
16、e 20% chromium2.5% titanium1.2% aluminium castings 11 Type ANC 10: Nickel base 20% chromium16.5% cobalt2.4% titanium 1.3% aluminium castings 12 Type ANC 11: Nickel base 21% chromium10% cobalt10%molybdenumcastings 12 Type ANC 13: Cobalt base 26% chromium10%nickel7% tungsten castings 13 Type ANC 14: C
17、obalt base 27% chromium5.5% molybdenum2.7% nickel castings 13 Type ANC 15: Nickel base 28% molybdenum castings 13 Type ANC 16: Nickel base 7% molybdenum16.5% chromium4.5%tungstencastings 14 Type ANC 17: Nickel base 9% silicon3% copper castings 14 Type ANC 18: Nickel base 31% copper, silicon castings
18、 14 Type ANC 19: Nickel base 20% chromium,7% niobium,6% molybdenum,3% iron,3% tungsten castings 15 Type ANC 20: 14% chromium,5% nickel,2% copper, 1% molybdenum steelcastings 15BS3146-2:1975 ii BSI 03-1999 Page Type ANC 21: 26% chromium,5% nickel,3% copper,2% molybdenum steel castings 16 Type ANC 22:
19、 16% chromium,4% nickel,3% copper steel castings 17 Appendix A Stress unit conversion 19 Figure 1 Types of test sample 5 Publications referred to 20BS3146-2:1975 BSI 03-1999 iii Foreword This Part of this British Standard, which has been prepared under the authority of the Iron and Steel and the Non
20、-ferrous Metals Industry Standards Committees, has been revised to meet the needs of industry in the rapidly growing field of investment castings. The advantages of investment castings of the type described in this standard are the complexity of the shapes that can be cast, and the accurate approach
21、 to final form that can be obtained without a large amount of machining which may be difficult. The scope of the new edition has been enlarged and it is now being published in4parts. The other parts which complete the series are as follows: Part 1: Carbon and low alloy steel; Part 3: Vacuum melted a
22、lloys; Part 4: Non-ferrous alloys. It is intended that the Izod impact values given in section2 of this Part will be replaced by Charpy V-notch impact values when sufficient data are available. Stress unit conversions are given in Appendix A. Certification. Attention is drawn to the certification fa
23、cilities described on the inside back cover of this standard. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity fro
24、m legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i to iv, pages1 to20, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment
25、 table on the inside front cover.iv blankBS3146-2:1975 BSI 03-1999 1 Section 1. General requirements 1 Scope This Part of this British Standard specifies requirements for investment castings in corrosion and heat resisting steels and nickel and cobalt base alloys, complying with the general requirem
26、ents of this section. and with the appropriate requirements of section2. 2 References The titles of the British Standards referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standard the following definitions apply. 3.1 investment casting
27、the production of castings by a process which involves the investment of an expendable pattern with a refractory slurry 3.2 remelting stock metal supplied in cast or wrought form, the chemical composition of which has been established by analysis 3.3 melt the product of a single furnace charge used
28、to produce castings or the amount of metal tapped from the furnace without any further addition of metal having been added to the furnace or ladle (when a continuous process is employed) excluding deoxidants 3.4 heat treatment batch castings of similar mass and dimensions produced from melts conform
29、ing to the same material specification and heat treated together the following heat treatment definitions apply martensitic corrosion and heat resisting stainless steels 3.5 annealing heating to and holding at a suitable temperature, followed by cooling at a suitable rate for such purposes as: a) in
30、ducing softness b) improving machinability c) obtaining a desired structure d) removing stresses 3.6 hardening increasing the hardness of steel by quenching from a temperature within or above the austenite transformation range 3.7 tempering heating hardened or normalized steel to some temperature be
31、low the austenite transformation range, and holding for a suitable time at that temperature, followed by cooling at a suitable rate austenitic and precipitation hardening alloys 3.8 precipitation treatment (ageing) the heat treatment of alloys to promote precipitation to produce optimum creep, or st
32、ress rupture and/or tensile characteristics. It may be accompanied by a change in hardnessBS3146-2:1975 2 BSI 03-1999 3.9 solution treatment the heat treatment of alloys normally intended for subsequent precipitation treatment, at a suitable temperature for sufficient time to ensure adequate solutio
33、n of the precipitation phase(s), followed by cooling at a rate sufficient to retain the phase(s) in solution. The term is also associated with material in the softest condition 3.10 softening or annealing heat treatment the heat treatment designed to give a soft, ductile product and normally associa
34、ted with recrystallization of the material NOTE 1The terms are generally applied to alloys not subjected to precipitation treatment. NOTE 2A “softening” treatment is sometimes applied to alloys which are suitable for precipitation treatment in order to eliminate the effect of cold work. This treatme
35、nt may effect an incomplete solution of the precipitated phase(s). 4 Information to be supplied by the purchaser The following information should be stated on the enquiry and order. A drawing of the part to be made should be supplied in appropriate cases. a) The number of this British Standard toget
36、her with the type number and grade (if applicable) given in section 2, e.g.BS3146/2 ANC1/A. b) The condition in which the castings are to be supplied. (See clause10 and section2.) c) Whether non-destructive testing is required and, if so, the details which have been agreed. (Seeclause14.) d) Whether
37、 consultation is required before castings are rectified. (See clause15.) e) Whether a certificate is required, giving details of analysis, mechanical testing and non-destructive testing, as appropriate. (See clause17.) f) Whether the hardness of the castings is required for type ANC1, type ANC2 and
38、type ANC22. g) Any special requirements of the purchaser. 5 Method of manufacture The method and control of remelting stock shall be at the discretion of the melting stock manufacturer unless otherwise agreed between the founder and the melting stock manufacturer. The method and control of the manuf
39、acture of the castings shall be at the discretion of the founder unless otherwise agreed between the founder and the purchaser. 6 Freedom from contamination All reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent contamination during storage of materials used for the production of melts. 7 Chemical com
40、position 7.1 Remelting stock. The composition of stock for remelting shall be within the limits of the relevant material specification unless otherwise stated on the founders order. Residual elements and other elements not listed in the relevant material specification shall not be added deliberately
41、 except for the purpose of finishing the cast. No further additions shall be made to the cast or melt after the final analysis sample has been taken. The melting stock manufacturer shall supply to the founder the results of the analysis for those elements specified. Care should be taken to prevent c
42、ontamination of the metal from preceding casts or melts. 7.2 Castings. The chemical composition of the castings shall conform to the appropriate material specification given in section 2. Residual elements and others not listed in the relevant material specification shall not be added deliberately e
43、xcept for the purpose of finishing the melt. All reasonable precautions shall be taken to prevent the addition of such elements arising from scrap or other materials used in the manufacture of the metal, and the purchaser by agreement with the founder may set a limit to one or more residual elements
44、.BS3146-2:1975 BSI 03-1999 3 An analysis for residual elements is not normally carried out unless there is reason to suspect the presence of such elements in excessive amounts. Care shall be taken to ensure that contamination of the metal does not occur from preceding heats. If so stated on the enqu
45、iry and order, the founder shall supply a certificate of the chemical analysis on a basis agreed between the founder and the purchaser. (See also clause17.) 8 Tolerances The castings shall be within the dimensional tolerances as specified on the casting drawing or order. 9 Freedom from defects Casti
46、ngs shall be free from harmful defects. Notwithstanding previous acceptance as complying with the requirements of this standard, any casting which is later found to contain harmful defects shall be rejected. Surface or superficial imperfections may be removed providing such rectification does not ma
47、terially affect the strength, appearance or use for which the casting is intended. Any castings which have been subjected to rectification shall conform to such tolerances as are specified in clause8. 10 Heat treatment In the case of alloys which may be supplied in either the “as-cast” or heat treat
48、ed condition the condition required at the time of delivery shall be stated on the enquiry and/or order. In section 2, if a temperature range is stated, a suitable temperature within that range shall be selected to give the required properties. Care should be taken to prevent excessive oxidation or
49、decarburization during any heat treatment process. 11 Provision and preparation of test samples Where required, test samples shall be provided as follows: a) from separately cast test bars from an identical charge and cast under similar conditions; b) from integrally cast test bars; c) cut from castings. In the case of test bars provided as in a) and b) they shall conform to one of the types in Figure 1. Unless otherwise agreed between the purchaser and the founder where or when castings are supplied in other than the finally heat treated cond
