1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 4280:1968 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Transliteration of arabic characters UDC 003.332.5.034BS4280:1968 This British Standard, having been approved by the Documentation Standards Committee, was published underthe authority of the GeneralCouncil on 29 February 1968 BSI 04-2000 T
2、he following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference OC/20/9 Draft for comment 66/9629 ISBN 0 580 00050 8 Co-operating organizations The Documentation Standards Committee, under whose supervision this British Standard was prepared, consists of representatives from the
3、 following Government departments and scientific, technical and professional organizations: Aslib Biological Council* Bodleian Library Booksellers Association of Great Britain and Ireland British Council* British Museum* British National Bibliography Cambridge University Library Commonwealth Agricul
4、tural Bureaux Department of Education and Science: Office for Scientific and Technical Information H.M. Stationery Office Institute of Information Scientists Institute of Journalists Library Association* Microfilm Association of Great Britain Ministry of Technology National Central Library National
5、Lending Library for Science and Technology National Library of Scotland National Library of Wales National Reference Library for Science and Invention National Reprographic Centre for Documentation Periodical Proprietors Association Permanent Committee on Geographical Names* Publishers Association R
6、oyal Institute of British Architects Royal Society* Science Abstracts Science Museum Library Society of Indexers Standing Conference of National and University Libraries The organizations marked with an asterisk together with the following were directly represented on the committee entrusted with th
7、e preparation of this standard: Society for Cultural Relations with the USSR Society for Promotion of Hellenic Studies Society of Antiquaries of London University of Cambridge Middle East Centre Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 317 September 1969 Indicated by a sid
8、eline in the marginBS4280:1968 BSI 04-2000 i Contents Page Co-operating organizations Inside front cover Foreword iiBS4280:1968 ii BSI 04-2000 Foreword Attention is drawn to the following British Standard on a related subject: BS 2979, Transliteration of Cyrillic and Greek characters. The system pre
9、sented here is the same as that contained in ISO Recommendation R 233:1961, International system for the transliteration of Arabic characters, published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), except that it transliterates the character as instead of g. A British Standard does n
10、ot purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside
11、front cover, pagesi andii, pages1 to6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.BS4280:1968 BSI 04-2000 1 1. Consonants No. Arabic chara
12、cter Transliteration into Roman character No. Arabic character Transliteration into Roman character 1 2 2a 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 see Note 1 see Note 2 initially; elsewhere b t t / L X d W r z s M 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 27a 28 29 K N O V 0 f q k l m n h see Notes 8 and 13 w (se
13、e also No. 31 and Notes 1, 3 and 14) y (see also No. 32 and Notes 1, 3 and 14) * The letters in brackets are the Maghrebi forms.BS4280:1968 2 BSI 04-2000 2. Vowels and diphthongs 3. Other conventional signs No. Characters Characters Characters Characters Arabic Roman Arabic Roman Arabic Roman Arabic
14、 Roman 30 31 32 a u i + ) / - an un in see Note 10 aw ay No. Arabic designation Arabic character Transliteration 33 34 35 suk/n fa c al/ 3 with adda h , even after the vowels u andi, respectively always transliterated ww andyy bawwb, quwwd, bayy c 4 a) definite article b) in aXaWtu and similar words
15、 assimilated with assimilation is not shown a-ams u 5 Hyphen used in transliteration to separate grammatically differing elements within single units of Arabic script, notably the noun from the article and/or from the particles wa-, fa-, ta-, bi-, li-, ka-, la-, sa- and a-. wa-bi-araf 6 Following le
16、tters used in Arabic to represent non-Arabic sounds: transliterated as follows: p v g BS4280:1968 4 BSI 04-2000 B. Notes on transliteration with irb Note Arabic character Position Transliteration Examples 7 Flexional endings a) may be written or printed superior (above the line) bayt u , bayt un b)
17、in nouns from roots with a final weak radical the n alone is superior qdi n ; ma c n n 8 T marb/Na h rendered by superior t (abovethe line) al-mad-na tu ; mad-na tu!n-nabiyy i ; sal tun 9 Alif waMla h omitted in transliteration bi-htimm i wa-ktub bayt ul-malik i mina n-ns iBS4280:1968 BSI 04-2000 5
18、C. Notes on transliteration without irb Note Arabic character Position Transliteration Examples 10 Short vowels in the nominal inflection a) and tanw-n are not shown in transliteration MuLammad; Ibn 0ubayr; miMriyy-n, not miMriyy-n a ; kitbn, not kitbn i b) before a pronominal suffix transliterated
19、exceptionally baytuhu; f- baytihi baytihi c) at the end of a name or a title the pronominal suffix is transliterated in its pausal form (without the final vowel) Ibn c Abd Rabbih 11 Alif wasla h transliterated by its original vowel in absolute initial position or after a word ending in a consonant;
20、otherwise omitted an-ns uktub ihtimm bayt al-malik min an-ns but bi-htimm wa-ktub f-l-bayt ma/r l-qawl 12 Final short vowels in verbal conjugations, pronominal suffixes and particles are transliterated m yata c allaqu bi-“n-ns; katabtu; bayna; ma c a; bi-“l-Xamr; m tarhu “l- c uy/n 13 T marb/Na h in
21、 the absolute state in the construct state rendered by superior h (abovethe line) rendered by superior t (abovethe line) al-mad-na h ; mad-na tan-nab- 14 -iyy and -uww final transliterated - and /, respectively c arab-; c ad/; dan- 15 whether it begins with alif or not always transliterated ibn6 bla
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