1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 459:1988 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Specification for Matchboarded wooden door leaves for external use UDC 674 4:69.028.1:674.214:692.817.1:691.178:696.134.5.002.2:(083.71)BS459:1988 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Timber StandardsCommitte
2、e, was published under the authority ofthe Board of BSI and comes intoeffect on 30November1988 BSI 03-1999 First published as BS 459, June1932 First revision (War emergency series), May 1941 Second revision (War emergency series), August 1942 (withdrawn1944) Third revision as BS 459-4, September 195
3、1 Fourth revision, February 1965 Fifth revision, November 1988 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference TIB/23 Draft for comment 86/10538 DC ISBN 0 580 16483 7 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was e
4、ntrusted by the Timber Standards Committee (TIB/-) to Technical Committee TIB/23, upon which the following bodies were represented: Association of Builders Hardware Manufacturers British Furniture Manufacturers Federation British Lock Manufacturers Association British Standards Society British Woodw
5、orking Federation Department of Health and Social Security Department of the Environment Building Research Establishment (Fire Research Station) Department of the Environment Building Research Establishment (Princes Risborough Laboratory) Department of the Environment Construction Industry Directora
6、te (Building Regulations) Department of the Environment (Property Services Agency) Fibre Building Board Organization (FIDOR) Fibre Cement Manufacturers Association Limited Flat Glass Manufacturers Association Guild of Architectural Ironmongers Gypsum Products Development Association Institute of Car
7、penters Institution of Fire Engineers Intumescent Fire Seals Association Joinery Managers Association Ltd. London Housing Consortium Royal Institute of British Architects Timber Research and Development Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date of issue Comments 8737 July 1995 In
8、dicated by a sideline in the marginBS459:1988 BSI 03-1999 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Definitions 1 3 Size limitations and deviations 1 4 Timber and preservation 1 5 Workmanship 1 6 Adhesives 1 7 Construction 1 Appendix A Recommendations for main
9、taining the moisture content 6 Figure 1 Front elevation of framed, ledged and braced door 3 Figure 2 Front elevation of ledged and braced door 3 Figure 3 Front elevation of ledged and braced door with bracesfittedarrowheaded 4 Figure 4 Plan of framed, ledged and braced door 4 Figure 5 Plan of ledged
10、 and braced door 4 Figure 6 Section of framed, ledged and braced door 5 Figure 7 Section of ledged and braced door 5 Table 1 Minimum finished sizes of components 2 Publications referred to Inside back coverBS459:1988 ii BSI 03-1999 Foreword This British Standard, which is a revision of BS459-4:1965,
11、 has been prepared under the direction of the Timber Standards Committee. BS459-4:1965 is withdrawn. The door leaves specified in this standard are for external use only, primarily for stores and out-buildings, including garages, but not for use as gates. Door leaves of this type are not recommended
12、 for internal use. The revision includes an additional door leaf type of framed and ledged construction and metric sizes have been introduced. A new method of nailing the matchboarding to the framing has also been specified to reflect modern production techniques. Recommendations for maintaining the
13、 moisture content are now included in an advisory appendix and follow those given in the 1986 revision of BS1186-1. Parts 1, 2 and 3 of this standard have been withdrawn as obsolete. DD 171, giving guidance on the specification of performance requirements for hinged or pivoted doors of all materials
14、, and BS8214, a code of practice for fire door assemblies with non-metallic door leaves, are now available. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British S
15、tandard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages1 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorp
16、orated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on theinside front cover.BS459:1988 BSI 03-1999 1 1 Scope This British Standard specifies size limitations, materials, workmanship and construction for ledged and braced doors, framed and ledged doors and framed, ledged and braced doors, all with
17、 tongued and grooved matchboarded facings and for external use. NOTE 1Recommendations for maintaining moisture content are given in Appendix A. NOTE 2The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purposes of this British Standa
18、rd, the definitions given in BS6100-4.1 and BS 6100-4.4 apply. NOTEThe term “door” is sometimes used for convenience in this standard where “door leaf” would be the correct term as defined in BS6100. 3 Size limitations and permissible deviations NOTEAll sizes specified are at the time the doors are
19、handed over to the first purchaser. 3.1 For ledged and braced doors and framed andledged doors, the maximum size shall be840mm wide 2055mm high. 3.2 For framed, ledged and braced doors, the maximum size shall be 1075mm wide 2135mm high. 3.3 Deviations on work sizes for height and width shall not exc
20、eed 1.5mm. NOTESome framed, ledged and braced doors are supplied with the matchboarding extending beyond the finished size of the door below the bottom rail to allow final height adjustment by the purchaser. 3.4 Deviations from plane, when measured in accordance with BS5277, shall not exceed the fol
21、lowing: a) bow in the length: 4 mm; b) cup (horizontal bow): 2 mm; c) deviation from true plane (twist): 6 mm. 3.5 The deviation from squareness, when measured in accordance with BS5278, shall not exceed1.5mm in 500mm. 4 Timber and preservation The timber shall be class 3, surface category “exposed”
22、, to receive an opaque finish all complying with BS1186-1, preservatively treated in accordance with BS5589 if required by BS1186-1. 5 Workmanship The workmanship shall be in accordance with BS1186-2. 6 Adhesives Adhesives, where used in framed and ledged doors and framed, ledged and braced doors, s
23、hall be one of the following: a) a type WBP, BR or MR adhesive complying with BS1204-2; or b) an adhesive whose performance is not inferior to type MR adhesive complying with BS1204-2, when tested in accordance with that standard. 7 Construction 7.1 Sections The arrangement of the members shall be a
24、s shown in Figure 1 toFigure 7 as appropriate. The minimum sizes prior to assembly shall be in accordance with Table 1. NOTEThe members should be machined cleanly and accurately. 7.2 Matchboarding The matchboarding shall be not less than 15mm thick, tongued and grooved and V-jointed on both sides. T
25、he length of the tongues shall be not less than 6mm and not more than 12mm, and shall be sufficient to prevent shrinkage clear of the groove. The width of the boards (except edge boards for framed and ledged doors and framed, ledged and braced doors), excluding the tongues, shall be not less than 70
26、mm and not more than 115mm. In any one door all boards, other than the edge boards, shall be of the same width. Edge boards for framed and ledged and framed, ledged and braced doors shall be not less than50mm wide, excluding the tongues. Matchboarding shall not distort if the moisture content increa
27、ses. NOTEDistortion can be avoided by ensuring that the matchboarding is not overcramped and that there is a small clearance between boards. 7.3 Ledged and braced doors 7.3.1 Ledges and braces. Each door shall have three horizontal ledges and two braces. The braces shall fit tightly against the ledg
28、es. The ends of the ledges shall be set back 15 5mm from the edges of the doors, and the braces shall be parallel to each other, with their lower ends at the hinged side of the door or they can be fitted arrow headed for hanging on either side (see Figure 3).BS459:1988 2 BSI 03-1999 Table 1 Minimum
29、sizes of members prior toassembly 7.3.2 Matchboarding. Each board shall be fixed to the ledges and braces, with not less than two fixings at each ledge and one at each brace, by one of the following methods: a) nailing, with 50mm nominal length steel nails, clenched tight, parallel with the grain of
30、 the ledges or braces; b) tosh nailing with steel nails, 32mm nominal length with lost heads; c) stapling with 18 gauge (minimum) clenching or diverging steel staples 30mm long (minimum), driven by mechanically operated tools; d) nailing with T headed or ringed steel nails,32mm nominal length, drive
31、n by mechanically operated tools. 7.3.3 Screwing of ledge ends. In addition to the fixing specified in7.3.2, the ends of ledges shall be screwed using 30mm (minimum) no.6 gauge, countersunk screws, zinc plated in accordance with classification no. Zn3 of BS3382-7 (allowance A or D). 7.3.4 Fixings. F
32、ixings shall be staggered to avoid splitting the boards, ledges or braces and shall be driven below the surface. There shall be no fixings within 30mm of the edges of the doors. NOTETo enable the handing of parallel braces to be reversed, temporary fixing is permitted until the door is installed and
33、 the braces permanently fixed as specified in7.3.2 and7.3.4. 7.4 Framed and ledged doors 7.4.1 Framing. The framing shall consist of stiles and top, middle and bottom rails. Where matchboarding runs over the face of the bottom rail, the lower edge of the bottom rail shall be 20mm minimum to 40mm max
34、imum above the bottom of the door. The middle rail shall be positioned equidistant between the top and bottom rails. The rails shall be through-tenoned into stiles, the tenons being not less than 12mm and not more than16mm thick and approximately central in the thickness of stiles. The tenons to the
35、 rails shall be haunched. Each tenon shall be secured by two wedges and an adhesive. As an alternative to mortice and tenon construction, it is permissible for framing members to be dowel jointed, provided that not less than two 15mm 110mm overall length wooden dowels are used at each joint and secu
36、red by the use of an adhesive. 7.4.2 Matchboarding. The boards shall either be tongued into the top rail and stiles with tongues as shown inFigure 4 andFigure 6, or be rebated a minimum of 12mm into the top rail and stiles and also into the bottom rail when the boarding does not run over its face. W
37、here plain rebates are used, the boards shall be fixed as described in the following paragraph. Fixings on to plain rebated stiles shall be not more than 200mm apart. Boards set back from the face of the framing shall not be set back more than 2mm. NOTEFixings are not required to boards notched into
38、 rebates with undercut shoulders. Each board shall be fixed to all applicable rails with not less than two fixings at each rail, by one of the following methods: a) tosh nailing with steel nails 38mm nominal length with lost heads; b) stapling with 18 gauge (minimum) clenching or diverging steel sta
39、ples, 30mm long (minimum) driven by mechanically operated tools; c) nailing with T headed or ringed steel nails,32mm nominal length, driven by mechanically operated tools. 7.4.3 Fixings. Fixings shall be staggered to avoid splitting the boards and rails and shall be driven below the surface. 7.5 Fra
40、med, ledged and braced doors 7.5.1 Framing. The framing shall consist of stiles, top, middle and bottom rails and two braces. The braces shall be shaped to fit tightly against the stiles and rails, and shall be parallel to each other, with their lower ends at the hinged side of the door or they can
41、be fitted arrow headed for hanging on either side (seeFigure 3) Where matchboarding runs over the face of the bottom rail, the lower edge of the bottom rail shall be 20mm minimum to40mm maximum above the bottom of the door. The middle rail shall be positioned equidistant between the top and bottom r
42、ails. Component Ledged and braced doors Framed and ledged doors Framed, ledged and braced doors mm mm mm Stiles and top rail Ledges Middle and bottom rail Braces 91 20 91 20 91 44 142 27 91 44 142 27 91 27BS459:1988 BSI 03-1999 3 The rails shall be through-tenoned into the stiles, the tenons being n
43、ot less than 12mm and not more than 16mm thick and approximately central in the thickness of the stiles. The tenons to the rails shall be haunched. Each tenon shall be secured by two wedges and an adhesive. As an alternative to mortice and tenon construction, it is permissible for framing members to
44、 be dowel jointed, provided that not less than two 15mm 110mm overall length wooden dowels are used at each joint and secured by the use of an adhesive. 7.5.2 Matchboarding. The boards shall either be tongued into the top rail and stiles with tongues as shown inFigure 4 andFigure 6, or be rebated a
45、minimum of 12mm into the top rail and stiles and also into the bottom rail when the boarding does not run over its face. Where plain rebates are used, the boards shall be fixed as described in7.4.2. Fixings on to plain rebated stiles shall not be more than 200mm apart. Boards set back from the face
46、of the framing shall not be set back more than 2mm. NOTEFixings are not required to boards notched into rebates with undercut shoulders. Each board shall be fixed to all applicable rails, with not less than two fixings at each rail and one at each brace, by one of the methods described in7.4.2. 7.5.
47、3 Fixings. Fixings shall be staggered to avoid splitting the boards and rails and shall be driven below the surface. NOTE 1Braces can be fitted arrow headed as shown inFigure 3. NOTE 2A framed and ledged door is similar to this figure but without braces. Figure 1 Front elevation of framed, ledgedand
48、 braced door NOTEBraces can be fitted arrow headed as shown in Figure 3. Figure 2 Front elevation of ledged and braced doorBS459:1988 4 BSI 03-1999 NOTEDoors with arrow headed braces can be hinged either side. Figure 3 Front elevation of ledged and braced door with braces fitted arrow headed Figure
49、4 Plan of framed, ledged and braced door Figure 5 Plan of ledged and braced doorBS459:1988 BSI 03-1999 5 Figure 6 Section of framed, ledged and braced door Figure 7 Section of ledged and braced doorBS459:1988 6 BSI 03-1999 Appendix A Recommendations for maintaining the moisture content A.1 Doors supplied in the white should be primed or sealed immediately after delivery; particular attention should be paid to all exposed end grain. NOTEWhilst priming provides some measure of protection from moi
