1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS 5502 : Part 43 : 1990
2、Incorporating Amendment No. 1 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Buildings and structures for agriculture Part 43. Code of practice for design and construction of poultry buildingsBS 5502 : Part 43 : 1990 Issue 2, September 1996 This British Standard, having been
3、prepared under the direction of the Farm and Horticultural Buildings Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Board of BSI and comes into effect on 31 December 1990 BSI 1990 First published, as BS 5502 : Section 2.2, 1981 Second edition, as BS 5502 : Part 43, December 199
4、0 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference FHB/1 Draft for comment 88/14764 DC ISBN 0 580 18946 5 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected 9237 September 1996 Indicated by a sideline in the margin Committees responsible for this Bri
5、tish Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Farm and Horticultural Buildings Standards Policy Committee (FHB/-) to Technical Committee FHB/1, upon which the following bodies were represented: AFRC Institute of Engineering Research Aggregate Concrete Block Association
6、Brick Development Association British Cement Association British Commercial Glasshouse Manufacturers Association British Constructional Steelwork Association Ltd. British Poultry Federation Limited British Precast Concrete Federation Ltd. British Veterinary Association British Wood Preserving Associ
7、ation British Woodworking Federation Cold Rolled Sections Association Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland Department of Agriculture Northern Ireland Electricity Supply Industry in England and Wales Farm and Rural Buildings Centre Farm Buildings Association Fibre Cement Manufacturers
8、 Association Limited Health and Safety Executive Institution of Civil Engineers Local Authority Organizations Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food National Farmers Union Royal Institute of British Architects Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors Steel Construction Institute Timber Research
9、 and Development AssociationBS 5502 : Part 43 : 1990 1 Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword 2 Code of practice 1 Scope 3 2 Definitions 3 3 Animal welfare considerations 3 4 Design and construction 3 5 Environment 4 6 Dimensions and space 5 7 Feeding and drinking arrangeme
10、nts 5 8 Ancillary facilities 6 9 Services 6 10 Fire precautions 7 11 Safety signs and notices 7 Tables 1 Recommended illumination intensities for light periods in poultry houses with a controlled environment 5 2 Daily provision of feed and water for poultry 6 3 Production of waste by poultry 7 Index
11、 82 BS 5502 : Part 43 : 1990 Foreword This Part of BS 5502 has been prepared under the direction of the Farm and Horticultural Buildings Standards Policy Committee. This Part together with BS 5502 : Parts 40, 41, 42 and 49 is a revision of BS 5502 : Section 2.2 which is withdrawn. While BS 5502 is b
12、eing revised and added to, the opportunity is being taken to restructure the standard into the following broad subject areas: Part 0 Introduction and consolidated index Parts 10 to 19 Reference information and legislation Parts 20 to 39 General design Parts 40 to 59 Livestock buildings Parts 60 to 7
13、9 Crop buildings Parts 80 to 99 Ancillary buildings More specifically, the livestock building series will comprise: Part 40 Code of practice for design and construction of cattle buildings Part 41 Code of practice for design and construction of sheep buildings and pens Part 42 Code of practice for d
14、esign and construction of pig buildings Part 43 Code of practice for design and construction of poultry buildings Part 49 Code of practice for design and construction of milking premises Part 50 Code of practice for design, construction and use of storage tanks and reception pits for livestock slurr
15、y Part 51 Code of practice for design and construction of slatted, perforated and mesh floors for livestock Part 52 Code of practice for design and construction of emergency ventilation systems for livestock buildings A more detailed description of the new structure of BS 5502 is given in Part 0. Th
16、e object of introducing the new structure is to allow subject areas to be broadly characterized, and related subject matter , whether in the form of recommendations, guidance or supporting data, to be rationalized and brought together . It will also allow sufficient flexibility to enable BS 5502 to
17、be expanded and developed in a logical way in the future. It has been assumed in the drafting of this Part of BS 5502 that the execution of its provisions is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people, for whose guidance it has been prepared. Compliance with a British Standard does
18、not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.3 BS 5502 : Part 43 : 1990 1) Published by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF), the Department of Agriculture and Fisheries for Scotland and the Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland. 2) In preparation. Code of practice
19、 1 Scope This Part of BS 5502 gives recommendations for buildings used for poultry and more specifically for rearing and housing turkeys, ducks, broilers and laying hens. NOTE. The titles of the publications referred to in this standard are listed on the inside back cover. 2 Definitions For the purp
20、oses of this standard, the definitions given in BS 6100 apply. NOTE. Work has commenced on a further Part of BS 5502 (Part 10) which will be a glossary of terms for buildings and structures for agriculture. 3 Animal welfare considerations 3.1 Attention is drawn to the provisions of the relevant curr
21、ent editions of Codes of recommendations for the welfare of livestock Domestic fowls and Codes of recommendations for the welfare of livestock Turkeys 1) . 3.2 All buildings should be designed, constructed and maintained so as to avoid discomfort, distress or injury to poultry. All fittings and surf
22、aces accessible to livestock should not have sharp edges or projections and fittings should be arranged so as to avoid injury. 4 Design and construction 4.1 Site planning Care should be exercised in the siting of poultry buildings because the high temperatures and arid conditions of some structures
23、may increase the risk of fire (see BS 5502 : Parts 20 and 23). 4.2 Design 4.2.1 The building or structure should be designed and constructed in accordance with the general principles and recommendations given in BS 5502 : Parts 20, 21, 22, 23 and 25 2) . 4.2.2 Materials used in the construction of p
24、oultry buildings should be selected so as to be resistant to vermin. 4.3 Occupancy The types and ages of the poultry to be housed, and periods during which the various parts of the building or buildings are subject to human occupation should be taken into account in the design (see BS 5502 : Part 22
25、). 4.4 General construction of buildings 4.4.1 All surfaces and fittings that may come into contact with poultry should be free from projections, edges or perforations that could cause damage to the bird and should be capable of being easily cleaned. 4.4.2 Adequate insulation should be provided in f
26、loors, walls, doors, windows, ceilings and roofs, as appropriate, to enable the recommended temperatures to be achieved, and condensation avoided, by balancing the heat input to the building from poultry (and heating, lighting, etc.) with the heat loss through the structure and by ventilation. 4.4.3
27、 Materials used for the protection of timber from decay should be selected carefully since they might be injurious to poultry. 4.4.4 All insulation should be protected by a vapour check on the warm side (see BS 5502 : Part 20), unless the insulation material is non-absorbent. 4.4.5 For all poultry h
28、ouses with a controlled environment, walls and roofs should be insulated to a maximum thermal transmittance (U) value of 0.6 W/(m 2 K). Because of the elevated temperature with its potential fire risk, selection of construction materials, particularly for insulation, for poultry buildings with a con
29、trolled environment should be undertaken with care. 4.5 Floors 4.5.1 Floors may be solid or slatted, perforated or mesh panelled in accordance with BS 5502 : Part 51. 4.5.2 Slatted, perforated and mesh floors should be in removable panels to facilitate mechanical cleaning if there is less than 2.4 m
30、 depth of accessible space below them. Timber for slatted floors should be treated with suitable preservative. Slats 25 mm3 25 mm in size with 25 mm clear gaps are recommended. 4.5.3 In the absence of a slatted, perforated or mesh floor, there should be a level floor of solid material that is easy t
31、o clean and disinfect and is either concrete or otherwise damp-proofed. Solid floors should be insulated if the heat loss from birds in contact with it, or from the building, is excessive, or if condensation is likely to occur on the floor surface. 4.5.4 Floors should be designed to withstand the im
32、posed loads, whether of machinery, persons or poultry, in accordance with BS 5502 : Part 22.4 BS 5502 : Part 43 : 1990 4.6 Walls, roofs and ceilings 4.6.1 Materials used as the inner surface of walls and ceilings or roofs should be resistant to the humid conditions and to damage by cleaning and disi
33、nfecting or fumigation (see BS 5502 : Section 1.7). Walls at bird level should also be resistant to damage resulting from pecking. NOTE. BS 5502 : Section 1.7 is being revised as BS 5502 : Part 31. 4.6.2 Consideration should be given to the exterior roof colouring of all livestock buildings, bearing
34、 in mind that light colours have solar reflective advantages over dark colours. 4.7 Workmanship Workmanship should be in accordance with BS 8000. 4.8 Depopulation and transport Consideration should be given to the problems of catching and loading large numbers of birds for transport. Long houses may
35、 need catching and loading points through hatches or doorways at intervals along side walls. The development of module catching determines a minimum height within the house to allow the free movement of machinery and equipment. 5 Environment 5.1 General Interactions between the various environmental
36、 factors make this subject complex. For example, the environmental temperature affects the feed intake. It is therefore not practical to recommend a precise value for any one factor in isolation. Because of the rapid developments in poultry husbandry specialist advice should be sought. The temperatu
37、res, relative humidity, ventilation and air movement rates at stock level should be substantially maintained within the ranges recommended in 5.2 to 5.4. Some daily variation beyond these recommendations can usually be tolerated by the stock if the major part of the day is spent within the range. 5.
38、2 Temperature Buildings should be designed to achieve and maintain the following temperatures: a) for layers: 21 C to 24 C, depending upon the method of husbandry to be employed; b) for chick and turkey poultry brooding (all stock): a maximum temperature of 35 C with progressive lowering of the temp
39、erature down to approximately 21 C. Controls for whole house heating should be capable of maintaining the temperature to an accuracy of 1 C; c) for growing/finishing (all stock): 16 C to 24 C; d) for breeding (all stock): 16 C to 24 C. 5.3 Relative humidity The general level of relative humidity sho
40、uld be between 50 % and 70 %. A relative humidity of over 70 % is undesirable. Ventilation is normally the means by which the relative humidity is contained within the desired range, but can be influenced by outside climatic conditions. 5.4 Ventilation 5.4.1 Recommended maximum and minimum rates of
41、ventilation are as follows: a) maximum rate: 20 m 3 /s per tonne of feed used per day; b) minimum rate: 2 m 3 /s per tonne of feed used per day. However, the speed of air in contact with the birds is the determining factor and should not exceed 0.15 m/s for chicks under 7 days old and 0.25 m/s for a
42、ll other stock (except in hot conditions when higher air speeds might prove beneficial). 5.4.2 The ventilation system and its controls, possibly with linked supplementary heating, should be designed and installed to include the following important features: a) precise control of minimum ventilation
43、rate to prevent excessive feed or heating costs. NOTE. It is very important economically to keep ventilation accurately controlled to the minimum during the winter or when heaters are in use. For more detailed advice on the factors involved the specialist literature or a specialist adviser should be
44、 consulted. b) good air circulation to facilitate the removal of contaminants and the distribution of fresh air; c) good wind resistance or protection to prevent adverse effects due to external wind pressures and flows; d) controls and sensors fixed and located so as to avoid physical damage (e.g. f
45、rom stock, condensation, cleansing or moving equipment) and to ensure correct conditions at bird level; e) all equipment capable of being readily cleaned so that dust accumulation has a minimal effect on sensors, controls, moving parts, ducts, etc.; f) an alarm system provided to warn of power failu
46、re or excessive rise or fall in temperature; g) an automatic or manual arrangement to ensure that reasonable conditions will persist after a power failure or breakdown of equipment. Adequate alternative ventilation and an alternative power supply should be considered. BSI 1996 5 Issue 2, September 1
47、996 BS 5502 : Part 43 : 1990 | | | In addition, consideration needs to be given to the provision of respirable air for the attendant during working hours, particularly during the removal of waste products. Making provision for the range of features given in items (a) to (g) is usually adequate to ac
48、commodate this. 5.5 Hazardous atmospheres Hazardous gas from waste products should be controlled. NOTE. The concentrations of hazardous gas likely to arise in well managed housing can be adequately controlled within the ventilation range given in 5.4. 5.6 Heating Heating arrangements should be desig
49、ned so that large quantities of exhaust gases do not accumulate inside the building. Because of relatively high internal temperatures, poultry houses tend to be dry structures, so special attention should be paid to the possibility of heaters causing fires. Unvented gas or oil fired heaters may produce carbon dioxide and hot soot, particularly if not well maintained. Installation and maintenance of heaters should therefore be of a high order. 5.7 Lighting 5.7.1 General Illumination cycles are of particular importance in poultry husbandry. It is essential that hens h
