1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 6160-8:1994 IEC 60489-8: 1984 Incorporating Amendment No. 1 Radio equipment used in mobile services Part 8: Methods of measurement for antennas and ancillary equipment ICS 33.070.01; 33.120.40; 33.120.99 BS 6160-8:1994 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directi
2、on of the Electronic Equipment Standards Policy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 February 1994 BSI 3 September 2002 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference EEL/25 Announcement in BSI News Dec
3、ember 1993 ISBN 0 580 22922 X Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by the Electronic Equipment Standards Policy Committee (EEL/-) to Technical Committee EEL/25, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Broadcasting C
4、orporation British Radio and Electronic Equipment Manufacturers Association British Telecommunications plc Independent Broadcasting Authority Institution of Electrical Engineers Radiocommunications Agency Radio Electrical and Television Retailers Association The following bodies were also represente
5、d in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: British Approvals Board for Telecommunications EEA (the Electronics and Business Equipment Association) ERA Technology Ltd. GAMBICA (BEAMA Ltd.) OFTEL (Office of Telecommunications) Radio Society of Great Britain Telecommunication
6、Engineering and Manufacturing Association Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 13477 3 September 2002 See national forewordBS 6160-8:1994 BSI 3 September 2002 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover National foreword ii 1 Scope 1 2 Object 1 Section 1. Definiti
7、ons and general conditions of measurement 3 Definitions 1 4 Conditions of measurement 2 Section 2. Base or fixed station antennas 5 General 3 6 Standing-wave ratio (SWR), impedance and antenna power and voltage rating 3 7 Radiation pattern measurements 4 8 Gain 5 9 Measurement of duplexers 5 Section
8、 3. Vehicular antennas and conditions 10 Supplementary definitions and conditions 10 11 Standing-wave ratio (SWR) 11 12 Radiation pattern 12 13 Relative antenna gain 13 14 Antenna power rating 13 15 Measurement of electrical performance parameter under adverse environmental conditions 14 Appendix A
9、Details of test range 17 Appendix B Details of a 50 transfer-standard antenna 19 Annex C (normative) Antenna mounting 21 Annex D (normative) Standard antenna for mounting on a ground plane 22 Annex E (normative) Requirements for test equipment in power rating measurement 29 Figure 1 Measuring arrang
10、ement for suppression and isolation ability of the duplexer 14 Figure 2 Measuring arrangement for insertion loss of the duplexer 15 Figure 3 Measuring arrangement for SWR of the duplexer 16 Figure 4 Measuring arrangement for rating power 16 Figure A.1 Test range 18 Figure B.1 Transfer-standard anten
11、na 20 Figure C.1 Back-to-back test mounting 22 Figure D.1 An example of standard antenna 23 Figure D.2 Antenna element length of standard antenna 3055 MHz 24 Figure D.3 Antenna element length of standard antenna 55100 MHz 25 Figure D.4 Antenna element length of standard antenna 100200 MHz 26 Figure
12、D.5 Antenna element length of standard antenna 200600 MHz 27 Figure D.6 Antenna element length of standard antenna 6001 000 MHz 28BS 6160-8:1994 ii BSI 3 September 2002 National foreword This part of BS 6160 has been prepared under the direction of the Electronic Equipment Standards Policy Committee
13、. It is identical with IEC 60489-8:1984, Methods of measurement for radio equipment used in the mobile services Part 8: Methods of measurement for antennas and ancillary equipment, including amendment 1:2000, published by the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). The British Technical Com
14、mittee EEL/25 implemented Harmonized Document HD 466.8 S1:1986, which was published by the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization and is identical with IEC 60489-8:1984, as BS 6160-8:1994. IEC amendment 1:2000 was exempted from parallel voting and is not harmonized in CENELEC, howev
15、er, the British Technical Committee notified the 112 CENELEC BT CLC/BT (GB) 408 that they would publish IEC amendment 1:2000 as an amendment to BS 6160-8:1994. This Part of BS 6160 should be read, where applicable, in conjunction with BS 6160-1:1989. The start and finish of text introduced by amendm
16、ent is indicated in the text by tags . Tags indicating changes to IEC text carry the number of the IEC amendment. For example, text altered by IEC amendment 1 is indicated by . Textual error The textual error set out below was discovered when adopting the text of the international amendment. It has
17、been reported to IEC in a proposal to amend the text of the international standard. Errors have been noted in 13.4 and the corrections are under consideration. For the purpose of this British Standard any references to IEC page numbers in the text should be ignored. Cross references The British Stan
18、dards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publicatio
19、n does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pa
20、ges 1 to 29 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.BS 6160-8:1994 BSI 3 September 2002 1 1 Scope This International Standard refers specifically to the antennas and ancillary equipment used in the mobile services. This standa
21、rd is intended to be used in conjunction with IEC 60489-1. The supplementary terms and definitions and the conditions of measurement set forth in this standard are intended for type tests and may also be used for acceptable tests. 2 Object The object of this standard is to standardize the definition
22、s, the conditions and the methods of measurement used to ascertain the performance of antennas and ancillary equipment (e.g. duplexer) within the scope of this standard and to make possible a meaningful comparison of the results of measurements made by different observers on different equipment. Sec
23、tion 1. Definitions and general conditions of measurement 3 Definitions Definitions used in this standard generally conform to those given in the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) and in other IEC publications on antennas. Where a term is not defined in this standard, the definition is
24、 that given in the IEV; in case of conflict, the definition given herein takes precedence. Additional terms will be found in the measurement sections. 3.1 antenna for the purpose of this standard, an antenna is defined as a device for coupling a transmission line to space for the purpose of radiatin
25、g or receiving electromagnetic waves. It includes any matching, balancing, phasing or other coupling devices up to the point of connection of the transmission line 3.2 base station or fixed station antenna an antenna intended to be used at a base station or fixed station 3.3 half-wave dipole antenna
26、 a dipole whose electrical length is half a wavelength 3.4 omnidirectional antenna an antenna having an essentially non-directional pattern in azimuth and a directional pattern in elevation 3.5 source antenna an antenna which properly illuminates the antenna under test within specified conditions 3.
27、6 transfer-standard antenna a reference antenna of closely reproducible specified construction. Its gain and directivity can be calculated and, when necessary, confirmed by measurement. It is used for making antenna gain measurements (see Appendix B, Figure B.1, page 20) 3.7 antenna voltage rating t
28、he maximum instantaneous peak voltage which may be applied repetitively to the antenna feed point without degrading its performance 3.8 antenna test site the general vicinity of the antenna under testBS 6160-8:1994 2 BSI 3 September 2002 3.9 antenna test range the space enclosing the source antenna,
29、 the antenna under test, and their equipment for gain and radiation pattern measurement (see Appendix A, Figure A.1, page 18) 3.10 antenna gain the ratio of the power radiated by the antenna in a stated direction to the maximum radiated power of a lossless half-wave reference dipole with identical p
30、ower input 3.11 antenna power rating the maximum continuous r.f. power which can be applied to the antenna continuously for a specified period of time under specified conditions without degrading its performance 3.12 effective antenna volume the actual volume containing the antenna plus one-half wav
31、elength all around the antenna, taking into account all appropriate positions of the antenna under test 3.13 nominal impedance the resistive impedance specified as the reference for reflection coefficient measurement at the antenna terminals 3.14 wind loading the sum of the forces caused by wind pre
32、ssure on the antenna and its supporting structure 3.15 ice loading the additional loading on the antenna and supporting structure due to ice 4 Conditions of measurement 4.1 Scale model measurements In the lower frequency bands accurate results of measurements of radiation pattern and gain are diffic
33、ult to obtain on a full-size antenna. Therefore, scale model techniques may be used. 4.2 Linear accuracy The scale model shall be constructed to at least the following accuracy: L s= LR 0.01 LR where R is the scale ratio L sis any significant linear dimension of the scale model, and L is the corresp
34、onding linear dimension of the full-size antenna 4.3 Supporting structure When the antenna supporting structure or the presence of ground will affect the electrical characteristics of the antenna, it also shall be taken into account where possible. 4.4 Materials The parts of the scale model shall be
35、 constructed of materials which simulate the electrical characteristics of the corresponding parts of the full-size antenna. NOTE Although this is not in strict conformance with scale model techniques, the errors introduced are small enough that the accuracy of the measurement will not be impaired n
36、oticeably, provided that the scaling factor is not too large.BS 6160-8:1994 BSI 3 September 2002 3 Section 2. Base or fixed station antennas 5 General This section deals only with linearly polarized antennas for use in the frequency range 25 MHz to 1 GHz. Tests for circularly polarized antennas, for
37、 active antennas and for frequencies below 25 MHz are under consideration. Unless otherwise specified, the measurements detailed in this section shall be conducted on an appropriate test range (see Appendix A). Terminology used generally conforms to that in the International Electrotechnical Vocabul
38、ary (IEV) and in other IEC publications on antennas. Other definitions will be found in Section 1 of this part. 6 Standing-wave ratio (SWR), impedance and antenna power and voltage rating 6.1 Test conditions The antenna under test shall be located in a space relatively free from reflections and suff
39、iciently far from the test equipment and personnel. The test site is considered satisfactory if the change in SWR is less than 10 % when the antenna is moved in a horizontal direction a minimum of /2 on each of eight azimuth directions, 45 apart, and up and down + or /2. For certain applications, su
40、ch as side-mounted vertical antennas, the supporting structure is in the r.f. field. In this case, the supporting structure shall be included in the mounting of the antenna under test. 6.2 SWR measurement procedure The antenna under test shall be connected to a suitably matched signal source at the
41、desired frequency, through a SWR measuring device, that has a nominal impedance equal to that of the transmission line and a residual SWR of not more than 1.05 below 500 MHz and 1.10 above 500 MHz. This residual SWR should be measured with all connectors to be used in the measurement included and wi
42、th the line terminated in a matched load with a SWR of not more than 1.01. The measurement shall be made at each frequency of interest. The SWR, as read on the measuring device, will be the SWR of the antenna under test at the selected frequency. If the r.f. loss in the line connecting the antenna t
43、o the measuring device exceeds 0.5 dB, the measured SWR values shall be properly corrected to take account of the line loss. 6.2.1 Presentation of results At least the maximum (corrected) SWR for each frequency of interest shall be provided, together with the nominal impedance of the measuring devic
44、e. 6.3 Impedance measurement procedure The antenna impedance may be measured with a r.f. impedance bridge or other suitable device at the specified frequency. 6.3.1 Presentation of results Measured impedance shall be stated in the form R jX at frequency f MHz, or graphically. 6.4 Power rating test p
45、rocedure The stated power rating may be proven either by an analytical method or by physical measurements. The antenna under test shall be connected to a r.f. signal source through a SWR measuring device, and a specified power at the specified frequency shall be applied for a period of 4 h, under sp
46、ecified temperature and humidity conditions. No damage or deformation shall be observed; the change in SWR shall be less than 10 %. 6.4.1 Presentation of results The results shall state the power rating, the test frequency and the environmental temperature and humidity. Where the power rating is det
47、ermined analytically, the method of analysis shall be shown.BS 6160-8:1994 4 BSI 3 September 2002 6.5 Voltage rating test procedure A r.f. signal of specified frequency and peak voltage shall be applied almost continuously, at least 10 times to the antenna under test during a period of five minutes.
48、 A suitable indicating device shall be provided to show whether a breakdown or a flashover has occurred. The average power applied shall not exceed the rated power. 7 Radiation pattern measurements 7.1 General By the principle of reciprocity, test results obtained with the source antenna transmittin
49、g and the antenna under test receiving are the same as those obtained with the source antenna receiving and the antenna under test transmitting. For convenience, it will be assumed that the source antenna is the transmitting antenna. The radiation pattern for either the horizontal plane or the vertical plane may be measured. 7.2 Test conditions The antenna under test together with its mounting system shall be installed on a test range (see Appendix
