1、BRITISH STANDARD BS 7971-3:2002 Protective clothing and equipment for use in violent situations and in training Part 3: Personal defence shields Requirements and test methods ICS 13.310; 13.340.99 BS 7971-3:2002 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Health and Enviro
2、nment Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 26 November 2002 BSI 26 November 2002 The following BSI references relate to the work on this British Standard: Committee reference PH/3/12 Draft for comment 99/566136 DC I
3、SBN 0 580 40701 2 Committees responsible for this British Standard The preparation of this British Standard was entrusted by Technical Committee PH/3, Protective clothing, to Subcommittee PH/3/12, Protective clothing and equipment for use in violent situations, upon which the following bodies were r
4、epresented: APSS Association of Police and Public Security Suppliers Association of Chief Police Officers in Scotland BSIF Test and Certification Association British Association for Chemical Specialities British Association of Women Police British Clothing Industry Association British Glove Associat
5、ion British Textile Technology Group Defence Industries Association Department of Health Medical Devices Agency Home Office Ministry of Defence UK Defence Standardization National Association of Healthcare Safety and Risk Practitioners Personal Safety Manufacturers Association Police Federation of E
6、ngland and Wales Police Purchasing Manager Association Police Uniform Project Group SATRA Technology Centre Co-opted members Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBS 7971-3:2002 BSI 26 November 2002 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front cover Foreword ii Introductio
7、n 1 1S c o p e 1 2 Normative references 1 3T e r m s a n d d e f i n i t i o n s 2 4 Shield types and performance levels 2 5 Performance requirements 3 6 Procedures for conditioning and preparation of test specimens 4 7 Test methods 7 8 Marking 15 Annex A (informative) Information and guidance on se
8、lection and use of personal defence shields 17 Bibliography 19 Figure 1 Illustration of radii of curvature and height of steps and bolt heads on the strike face of a shield 3 Figure 2 Examination, conditioning and testing of different shield types 6 Figure 3 Typical configuration for flame precondit
9、ioning apparatus 9 Figure 4 Striker for impact deformation test 11 Figure 5 Striker for blunt impact resistance test 12 Figure 6 Box for blunt impact resistance test 13 Figure 7 30 blade impactor 14 Figure 8 Round bar impactor 16 Table 1 Types and performance levels for personal defence shields 2 Ta
10、ble 2 Minimum radius of curvature of exposed edge of steps 3 Table 3 Maximum test scores 4BS 7971-3:2002 ii BSI 26 November 2002 Foreword This part of BS 7971 has been prepared by Subcommittee PH/3/12. The following parts of BS 7971 are currently published or in preparation: Part 1: General requirem
11、ents; Part 2: Guidance on risk assessment and on the selection, use, cleaning and maintenance of protective clothing and equipment; Part 3: Personal defence shields Requirements and test methods; Part 4: Limb protectors Requirements and test methods; Part 5: Footwear Requirements and test methods; P
12、art 6: Gloves for protection against mechanical, thermal and chemical risks Requirements and test methods; Part 7: Slash-resistant gloves Requirements and test methods; Part 8: Blunt trauma body, shoulder, abdomen and genital protectors Requirements and test methods; Part 9: Training suits and equip
13、ment Requirements and test methods; Part 10: Coveralls Requirements and test methods. It has been assumed in the drafting of this standard that the execution of its provisions will be entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people, for whose use it has been produced. WARNING. This Briti
14、sh Standard calls for the use of substances and/or procedures that may be injurious to health if adequate precautions are not taken. It refers only to technical suitability and does not absolve the user from legal obligations relating to health and safety at any stage. Product certification/inspecti
15、on/testing. Users of this British Standard are advised to consider the desirability of third-party certification/inspection/testing of product conformity with the relevant parts of BS 7971. Appropriate conformity attestation arrangements are described in BS EN ISO/IEC 17025. Users seeking assistance
16、 in identifying appropriate conformity assessment bodies or schemes may ask BSI to forward their enquiries to the relevant association. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a Britis
17、h Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to 19 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.BS 7971
18、-3:2002 BSI 26 November 2002 1 Introduction Personal defence shields are items of protective equipment which are generally, but not exclusively, carried by serving police officers and prison officers whilst engaged in operational duties, and during training. They are also used by civilians engaged i
19、n activities where the risks of attack and assault are similar e.g. private security personnel, bullion handlers, escorts and couriers. The purpose of a personal defence shield is to provide a first line of defence, and thereby reduce or prevent the potentially injurious effects of commonly-faced ha
20、zards to the health and safety of the user. These include attack by violent individuals (often using weapons such as metal bars, pieces of timber, baseball bats, axes, spikes and knives), lofted missiles (e.g. bricks or bottles) and certain other hazards (e.g. petrol bombs and attack with corrosive
21、or irritant chemicals and solvents). A personal defence shield can also protect the user when utilized as a means of restraining a violent individual, thus reducing or preventing that individuals ability to continue to present a hazard to the health and safety of the user. Personal defence shields a
22、re generally used in conjunction with other items of protective clothing and equipment (e.g. helmets, body and limb protectors, gloves and protective footwear). Whilst these items do not provide adequate protection against some hazards, it is considered that the use of a personal defence shield can
23、either protect against the hazard or reduce its effects to a level at which the user can be protected by the other items of protective clothing and equipment. Personal defence shields can take any one of several forms, from relatively small shields for use when ease of movement, often in confined sp
24、aces, is of paramount importance, to shields that provide full body coverage to the total height of the user. Shields can be of different shapes and frontal aspects, for example, round, rectangular, oval, flat or convex. Experience has also shown that due to the particular physiological demands on o
25、fficers engaged in public order operations, it is desirable for personal defence shields to have a low mass whilst providing the appropriate body coverage and level of protection. The test methods specified in this part of BS 7971 have been designed to measure the performance of personal defence shi
26、elds with respect to the protection they can be expected to provide against the commonly-faced hazards listed above. The severity of these tests cannot compare directly with the conditions to which police officers, prison officers and other users can be exposed in real life situations, but experienc
27、e has shown that shields which pass such tests can significantly reduce the incidence and/or severity of injuries. 1 Scope This part of BS 7971 specifies performance requirements and test methods for personal defence shields for use by police and prison officers and others who might be exposed to at
28、tack and assault in the course of their duties, for use in operational situations and in training. NOTE 1 Information and guidance on the selection and use of personal defence shields is given in Annex A. NOTE 2 Guidance on risk assessment and the selection, care and maintenance of protective clothi
29、ng and equipment for use in violent situations and in training is given in BS 7971-2 1) . 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition
30、 of the referenced document (including amendments) applies. BS 7971-1, Protective clothing and equipment for use in violent situations and in training Part 1: General requirements. BS 7971-4:2002, Protective clothing and equipment for use in violent situations and in training Part 4: Limb protectors
31、 Requirements and test methods. 1) In preparation.BS 7971-3:2002 2 BSI 26 November 2002 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this part of BS 7971, the terms and definitions given in BS 7971-1 and the following apply. 3.1 personal defence shield device constituting a barrier between a hazard a
32、nd the user, held or carried by that user in order to reduce or prevent the occurrence of personal injury 3.2 shield blade outermost layer of the shield providing the protective coverage 3.3 crack parting of the structure(s) of a material, partial or full-thickness, along an indeterminate length, re
33、sulting from the application of force 3.4 cut parting of the structure(s) of a material, partial or full-thickness, along an indeterminate length, produced by the use of a sharp-edged implement 3.5 strike faceouter face of the shield blade 3.6 strike faceface of a test specimen to be struck by the i
34、mpactors 3.7 witness material plastic material which is readily deformed and retains its altered shape 4 Shield types and performance levels Personal defence shields shall be of one of three types as specified in Table 1. The performance level of each type of shield shall be as specified in Table 1.
35、 Table 1 Types and performance levels for personal defence shields Type Performance level a Hazard against which protection is provided Hazard level Examples of intended use 1 2 Mechanical impact; petrol bombs Moderate Where close contact with opponents is expected 2 3 Mechanical impact and slashes
36、from heavy blades e.g. machetes and samurai swords; petrol bombs High Where close contact with determined opponents and frenzied force blows are expected 3 3 Mechanical impact and slashes from heavy blades e.g. machetes and samurai swords; petrol bombs; also after exposure to chemicals listed in BS
37、7971-1 High Where close contact with determined opponents and frenzied force blows and attacks with chemicals are expected a See also BS 7971-1.BS 7971-3:2002 BSI 26 November 2002 3 5 Performance requirements 5.1 General Personal defence shields shall conform to the general requirements for protecti
38、ve clothing and equipment for use in violent situations and in training specified in BS 7971-1, as applicable. 5.2 Surface condition All materials, fixings, fasteners and surfaces shall be free of sharp edges and rough surfaces when assessed in accordance with 7.1. The radius of curvature of all edg
39、es of the shield blade shall be greater than 1.5 mm. The radius of curvature of corners of surface steps, bolt heads and fixings on the strike face shall be in accordance with Table 2 as shown in Figure 1. The maximum height of any step shall be 6 mm. The maximum height of any projection consisting
40、of a number of steps shall be 10 mm. Table 2 Minimum radius of curvature of exposed edge of steps Height of step mm Minimum radius of curvature of exposed edge mm Up to and including 0.9 0.5 1.0 to 2.9 1.0 3.0 to 3.9 2.0 4.0 to 4.9 3.0 5.0 to 6.0 4.0Key 1 Shield blade 4 Bolt head 2 Strike face 5 Was
41、her 3 Washer assembly 6 Lock nut l 1 height of bolt head (maximum 6 mm) l 2 height of washer assembly (maximum 6 mm) l 3 total height of projection (maximum 10 mm) r 1 radius of curvature of the bolt head r 2 radius of curvature of edge of washer assembly r 1and r 2shall conform to Table 2. Figure 1
42、 Illustration of radii of curvature and height of steps and bolt heads on the strike face of a shieldBS 7971-3:2002 4 BSI 26 November 2002 5.3 Ergonomic performance and compatibility When assessed in accordance with BS 7971-1, the personal defence shield shall have a test score equal to or less than
43、 the value specified in Table 3. Table 3 Maximum test scores 5.4 Flame resistance When subjected to flame preconditioning in accordance with the method given in 7.3 the shield shall conform to the following requirements. During the procedure, no flaming debris shall separate from the shield. Within
44、5 s after the flames from the liquid in the pan below the shield have gone out completely or have died down to a height of less than 100 mm, no part of the shield or its fittings shall show any flame. After a further 25 s, no part of the shield or its fittings shall show a persistence of glowing com
45、bustion (afterglow). After the procedure no part of the shield shall show visible signs of having melted with dripping. 5.5 Impact deformation resistance When a test specimen is tested in accordance with 7.4, the maximum deformation of the witness material shall not exceed 25 mm and there shall be n
46、o visible evidence of fragments within the witness material. 5.6 Blunt impact resistance When a shield tested in accordance with 7.5, there shall be no visible evidence of fragments on the splinter sheet and no cracking of the shield blade. 5.7 Blade cut resistance of Type 2 and Type 3 shields When
47、test specimens from Type 2 shields and from Type 3 shields are tested in accordance with 7.6, no cut or crack shall extend more than 50 mm vertically from the top edge of the shield blade. 5.8 Impact energy attenuation For shields including energy attenuating materials, test specimens shall be teste
48、d in accordance with 7.7. The mean peak transmitted force recorded below the anvil shall not exceed 8 kN, and no single value shall exceed 12 kN. 6 Procedures for conditioning and preparation of test specimens 6.1 Chemical preconditioning of Type 3 shields Type 3 shields shall be subjected to chemic
49、al preconditioning in accordance with 7.2, using the chemicals specified in BS 7971-1. On each shield, preconditioning shall be carried out at each of the impact sites identified in the examination in accordance with 6.5.2. After chemical preconditioning the shields shall be conditioned in accordance with 6.3. 6.2 Flame preconditioning Shields shall be preconditioned using the method given in 7.3. After preconditioning,
