1、BSI Standards PublicationBS 8233:2014Guidance on soundinsulation and noisereduction for buildingsPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the documentwas last issued. The British Standards Institution 2014Published by BSI Standards Limite
2、d 2014ISBN 978 0 580 74378 8ICS 91.120.20The following BSI references relate to the work on this document:Committee reference B/564Draft for comment 12/30241578 DCPublication historyFirst published 1948Second edition 1960Third edition 1987Fourth edition 1999Fifth (present) edition, February 2014Amen
3、dments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS 8233:2014 BRITISH STANDARDContentsForeword iii0 Introduction 11 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms, definitions and symbols 24 Measuring equipment and accuracy 85 Planning and design 95.1 Sequence of stages 95.2 Assessing the building or site 9
4、5.3 Design and noise criteria: noise levels 115.4 Noise control measures 115.5 Quality control and workmanship 146 External noise sources 146.1 Introduction 146.2 Noise from road traffic 156.3 Noise from aircraft 176.4 Noise from railways 186.5 Noise from industry 186.6 Noise from construction and o
5、pen sites 196.7 Noise from wind farms 206.8 External noise sources: Meteorological effects 216.9 Other sources of noise 217 Specific types of building 217.1 General 217.2 Design considerations 227.3 Indoor ambient noise criteria 227.4 Noise indices 237.5 Internal sound insulation 237.6 Limits for re
6、verberation time 237.7 Specific types of building 248 Sound insulation in a building 358.1 Factors affecting sound insulation 358.2 Flanking transmission 358.3 Sound insulation tests 358.4 Sound insulation characteristics of common building elements 369 Noise from building services 419.1 General 419
7、.2 Main components 419.3 Frequency characteristics of noise 429.4 Rating noise from services 429.5 Sound-absorbing treatment 429.6 Quality control and workmanship 43AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Noise calculations 44Annex B (informative) Noise rating 46Annex C (informative) Specification of sound ins
8、ulation 48Annex D (informative) Special problems requiring expert advice: Guidance forspecific applications 51Annex E (informative) Airborne and impact sound insulation 53Annex F (informative) Legislative framework and guidance 63Annex G (informative) Typical design problem 64Annex H (informative) E
9、xamples of design criteria adopted by hotel groups 69BRITISH STANDARD BS 8233:2014 The British Standards Institution 2014 iBibliography 73List of figuresFigure 1 Characteristics of sound-absorbing materials 33Figure A.1 Sound insulation of non-uniform facades comprising windows andcladding 45Figure
10、E.1 Transmission paths (via the structure) of noise originating in Room 1(diagrammatic) 54Figure E.2 Indirect sound leakage paths 55Figure E.3 Mass law curve 55List of tablesTable1Typical traffic noise levels measured approximately 1 m from thefacade 15Table 2 Indoor ambient noise levels in spaces w
11、hen they are unoccupied andprivacy is also important 22Table 3 Example on-site sound insulation matrix (dB DnT,w) 23Table 4 Indoor ambient noise levels for dwellings 24Table 5 Noise levels from lifts in living accommodation 26Table6Typical noise levels in non-domestic buildings 28Table 7 Maximum ste
12、ady noise levels for reliable speech communication 30Table 8 The sound insulation of roofs 41Table A.1 Standard A-weighting values (dB) 46Table B.1 Noise rating values 47Table B.2 Values of a and b 48Table C.1 Common indices used to describe laboratory airborne and impactsound insulation 51Table C.2
13、 Common indices used to describe field airborne and impact soundinsulation 51Table E.1A Laboratory airborne sound insulation of walls and partitions 58Table E.1B Field airborne sound insulation of walls and partitions 60Table E.1C Typical performance measured in the field of walls built to RobustDet
14、ails generic systems 61Table E.2A Laboratory airborne sound insulation of floor constructions 62Table E.2B Typical performance measured in the field of floors built to RobustDetails generic systems 63Table G.1 Data used in the calculation of the noise level inside a room 67Table G.2 The calculation
15、of the noise level inside a room 68Table H.1 Airborne sound insulation 69Table H.2 Impact sound insulation for hotels 70Table H.3 Indoor ambient noise level ranges for hotel bedrooms 70Table H.4 Building services noise in hotels 71Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside fron
16、t cover, pages i to iv,pages 1 to 78, an inside back cover and a back cover.BRITISH STANDARDBS 8233:2014ii The British Standards Institution 2014ForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI Standards Limited, under licence fromThe British Standards Institution, and came in
17、to effect on 28 February 2014. Itwas prepared by Technical Committee B/564, Noise control on building sites, andSubcommittee EH/1/6, Building acoustics. A list of organizations represented onthese committees can be obtained on request to their secretaries.SupersessionThis British Standard supersedes
18、 BS 8233:1999, which is withdrawn.Information about this documentThis British Standard draws on the results of research and experience to provideinformation on the design of buildings that have internal acoustic environmentsappropriate to their functions. It deals with control of noise from outside
19、thebuilding, noise from plant and services within it, and room acoustics fornon-critical situations. This document is intended for use by non-specialistdesigners and constructors of buildings and those concerned with buildingcontrol, planning and environmental health.This is a full revision of the s
20、tandard. The principal changes have been made toreflect: changes to the legislative framework since publication of the 1999 edition; revisions to Building Regulations Approved Document E 1; the publication of specialist documents for specific sectors, such ashealthcare and education; the publication
21、 in England of the National Planning Policy Framework 2 inMarch 2012, with the concurrent withdrawal of numerous individualplanning guidance and policy statement documents, including thosespecifically relating to noise; a reappraisal of the tabular content with respect to setting targets forvarious
22、classes of living space in the light of research findings; and the need to transfer some of the more detailed information from the maintext to annexes.BS 8233:1999 was, like its predecessor CP3 Chapter III:1972, published as a codeof practice. However, it was decided to publish this edition as a gui
23、de becausethe text largely comprises guidance that does not support claims of compliance.Copyright is claimed on Figure E.2. Copyright holders are British Gypsum, HeadOffice, Gotham Road, East Leake, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE12 6HX.Use of this documentAs a guide, this British Standard takes t
24、he form of guidance andrecommendations. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification or a codeof practice and claims of compliance cannot be made to it.Presentational conventionsThe guidance in this standard is presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Anyrecommendations are expressed in sent
25、ences in which the principal auxiliaryverb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative material is presented insmaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.BRITISH STANDARD BS 8233:2014 The British Standards Institution 2014 iiiContractual and legal considerations
26、This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legalobligations.BRITISH STANDARDBS 8233:2014iv The British Standards Institution 20140 Introductio
27、nNoise control in and around buildings is discussed in this British Standard guideon an objective and quantifiable basis as far as is currently possible. For manycommon situations, this guide suggests criteria, such as suitable sleeping/restingconditions, and proposes noise levels that normally sati
28、sfy these criteria for mostpeople. However, it is necessary to remember that people vary widely in theirsensitivity to noise, and the levels suggested might need to be adjusted to suitlocal circumstances. Moreover, noise levels refer only to the physicalcharacteristics of sound and cannot differenti
29、ate between pleasant andunpleasant sounds. Important though psychological factors are, it is notpracticable to consider them in this guide.NOTE The standard is intended to be used routinely where noise sources arebrought to existing noise-sensitive buildings.Attention is drawn to the fact that measu
30、res taken to control sound might alsoimpinge on fire precautions and other health and safety requirements. All suchrequirements need to be considered together at an early stage of the design.1 ScopeThis British Standard provides guidance for the control of noise in and aroundbuildings. It is applica
31、ble to the design of new buildings, or refurbishedbuildings undergoing a change of use, but does not provide guidance onassessing the effects of changes in the external noise levels to occupants of anexisting building.This British Standard does not cover:a) specialist applications, such as auditoria
32、 and cinemas (for cinemas, seeBS ISO 9568);b) vibration control, except where it is evident in the form of radiated sound;orc) noise that breaks out from the building that might affect external receptors.NOTE Annex A describes some of the simpler types of noise calculation. A methodof rating noise i
33、s described in Annex B. Methods of measurement of soundinsulation are described in Annex C. Annex D outlines some special problemsrequiring expert advice. Annex E describes airborne and impact sound insulation.Annex F sets out the legislative framework applicable to noise producingdevelopments. Anne
34、x G provides example calculations for resolving a typical designproblem. Examples of design criteria adopted by various hotel groups are includedfor reference in Annex H.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in thisdocument and are indispensab
35、le for its application. For dated references, onlythe edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of thereferenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS 4142, Methods for rating and assessing industrial and commercial sound1)BS 5502-32, Buildings and structures for agr
36、iculture Part 32: Guide to noiseattenuationBS EN 20354, Acoustics Measurement of sound absorption in a reverberationroom1)Revision in preparation.BRITISH STANDARD BS 8233:2014 The British Standards Institution 2014 1BS EN 60942, Electroacoustics Sound calibratorsBS EN 61672-1, Electroacoustics Sound
37、 level meters Part 1: SpecificationsBS EN 61672-2, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 2: Pattern evaluationtestsBS EN ISO 140, Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings and ofbuilding elementsBS EN ISO 140-4, Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings andof building el
38、ements Part 4: Field measurements of airborne sound insulationbetween roomsBS EN ISO 140-7, Acoustics Measurement of sound insulation in buildings andof building elements Part 7: Field measurements of impact sound insulation offloorsBS EN ISO 10140-1, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insula
39、tion ofbuilding elements Part 1: Application rules for specific productsBS EN ISO 10140-2, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insulation ofbuilding elements Part 2: Measurement of airborne sound insulationBS EN ISO 10140-3, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insulation ofbuilding eleme
40、nts Part 3: Measurement of impact sound insulationBS EN ISO 10140-4, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insulation ofbuilding elements Part 4: Measurement procedures and requirementsBS EN ISO 10140-5, Acoustics Laboratory measurement of sound insulation ofbuilding elements Part 5: Requirement
41、s for test facilities and equipment3 Terms, definitions and symbols3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this British Standard, the following terms and definitionsapply.3.1.1 A-weighted sound pressurepAvalue of overall sound pressure, measured in pascals (Pa), after the electricalsignal deriv
42、ed from a microphone has been passed through an A-weightingnetworkNOTE The A-weighting network modifies the electrical response of a sound levelmeter with frequency in approximately the same way as the sensitivity of the humanhearing system.3.1.2 A-weighted sound pressure levelLpAquantity of A-weigh
43、ted sound pressure given by the following formula indecibels (dBA)LpA=10log10(pA/p0)2where:pAis the A-weighted sound pressure in pascals (Pa);p0is the reference sound pressure (20 Pa)BRITISH STANDARDBS 8233:20142 The British Standards Institution 2014NOTE Measurements of A-weighted sound pressure le
44、vel can be made with a meterand correlate roughly with subjective assessments of loudness. They are usually madeto assist in judging the effects of noise on people. The size of A-weighting, in1/3 octave bands, is shown in Annex A (see A.5). An increase or decrease in level of10 dBA corresponds rough
45、ly to a doubling or halving of loudness.3.1.3 background soundunderlying level of sound over a period, T, which might in part be an indicationof relative quietness at a given location3.1.4 break-innoise transmission into a structure from outside3.1.5 break-outnoise transmission from inside a structu
46、re to the outside3.1.6 cross-talknoise transmission between one room and another room or space via a duct orother path3.1.7 Ctrcorrection term applied against the sound insulation single-number values(Rw, Dw, and DnT,w) to provide a weighting against low frequency performanceNOTE The reference value
47、s used within the Ctrcalculation are based on urbantraffic noise.3.1.8 equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure levelLAeq,Tvalue of the A-weighted sound pressure level in decibels (dB) of a continuous,steady sound that, within a specified time interval, T, has the samemean-squared sound press
48、ure as the sound under consideration that varies withtimeNOTE 1 This is given by the following formula.LTpptTTAeqAtd,log101102020where:pA(t) is the instantaneous A-weighted sound pressure in pascals (Pa);p0is the reference sound pressure (20 Pa).NOTE 2 Equivalent continuous A-weighted sound pressure
49、 level is mainly used forthe assessment of environmental noise and occupational noise exposure.3.1.9 equivalent sound absorption area of a roomAhypothetical area of a totally absorbing surface without diffraction effects,expressed in square metres (m2), which, if it were the only absorbing element inthe room, would give the same reverberation time as the room underconsideration3.1.10 facade levelsound pressure level 1 m in front of the facadeNOTE Facad
