1、BS 8410:2007Code of practice for lightweight temporary cladding for weather protection and containment on construction worksICS 91.200; 91.220NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDPublishing and copyright informationThe BSI copyright notice displayed i
2、n this document indicates when the document was last issued. BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 53076 0The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard:Committee reference B/514/27Draft for comment DC01/105835Publication historyFirst published September 2007Amendments issued since publicationAmd
3、. no. Date Text affectedBS 8410:2007 BSI 2007 iBS 8410:2007ContentsForeword iiIntroduction 11 Scope 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions 24 Selection of lightweight temporary cladding 35 Precautions to be taken for particular applications 46 Structural recommendations 87 Fixings 98 Erect
4、ing and dismantling temporary cladding 109 Care of lightweight temporary cladding 15AnnexesAnnex A (informative) Sources of information relating to LTC products 18Annex B (informative) Causes of deterioration of LTC and its fixings 19Bibliography 21List of figuresFigure 1 Typical fixing arrangement
5、for nets and sheets 10Figure 2 Methods of ensuring continuity of cladding 12List of tablesTable A.1 Properties of containment nets and sheets 18Table A.2 Properties of rigid GRP profiled sheets 18Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, pages 1 to
6、 21 and a back cover.BS 8410:2007ii BSI 2007ForewordPublishing informationThis British Standard is published by BSI and came into effect on 28 September 2007. It was prepared by Subcommittee B/514/27, Nets and sheets, under the authority of Technical Committee B/514, Access and support equipment. A
7、list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Use of this documentThis British Standard is intended for use by designers, engineers, scaffolding contractors, safety net erectors and authorities having jurisdiction.As a code of practice, this British
8、Standard takes the form of recommendations and guidance. It should not be quoted as if it were a specification and particular care should be taken to ensure that claims of compliance are not misleading.Any user claiming compliance with this British Standard is expected to be able to justify any cour
9、se of action that deviates from its recommendations.Presentational conventionsThe provisions in this standard are presented in roman (i.e. upright) type. Its recommendations are expressed in sentences in which the principal auxiliary verb is “should”.Commentary, explanation and general informative m
10、aterial is presented in smaller italic type, and does not constitute a normative element.Contractual and legal considerationsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard c
11、annot confer immunity from legal obligations. BSI 2007 1BS 8410:2007IntroductionContainment nets, sheets and glass-reinforced polyester (GRP) rigid profiled sheets are materials used to temporarily clad scaffolds or buildings and are intended to:a) assist in the control of the environment, both insi
12、de and outside the contained area, so as to minimize health risks;b) reduce the impact from environmental effects on the process being carried out in the contained area, in order to improve the quality of the work and productivity;c) assist in the containment of debris within construction, refurbish
13、ment or maintenance sites;d) provide weather protection to those in the contained area;e) reduce the risk of injury to people or damage to property by influencing the route of fall of debris and/or objects;f) provide improved levels of security;while at the same time minimizing the loss of natural l
14、ight to the containment area.In many cases such lightweight temporary cladding (LTC) is fitted by scaffolders, sometimes as a means of protecting themselves, but mostly for use by other construction workers or for the protection of the general public. However, it is essential that those fitting and
15、maintaining the equipment ensure that it is fixed so that it will perform as intended.1 ScopeThis British Standard gives guidance and recommendations on the application and use of lightweight temporary cladding systems on construction and similar sites where weather protection and/or containment of
16、dust and debris is required. It is applicable to containment nets and sheets conforming to BS 7955, and to GRP sheets conforming to BS EN 1013-1 and BS EN 1013-2.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, onl
17、y the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.BS 476-3, Fire tests on building materials and structures Part 3: Classification and method of test for external fire exposure to roofsBS 476-7, Fire tests on buildin
18、g materials and structures Part 7: Method of test to determine the classification of the surface spread of flame of productsBS 7955:1999, Containment nets and sheets on construction works Specification for performance and test methodsBS 8410:20072 BSI 2007BS EN 1013-1, Light transmitting profiled pl
19、astic sheeting for single skin roofing Part 1: General requirements and test methodsBS EN 1013-2, Light transmitting profiled plastic sheeting for single skin roofing Part 2: Specific requirements and test methods for sheets of glass fibre reinforced polyester resin (GRP)BS EN 12811-1, Temporary wor
20、ks equipment Part 1: Scaffolds Performance requirements and general design3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this British Standard the following terms and definitions apply.3.1 attachment pointdesignated point within a containment net or sheet through which ties can be threaded3.2 competent
21、personperson who has training and experience relevant to the matter being addressed, and has an understanding of the requirements of the particular task being approachedNOTE Such a person is expected to understand the hazards and the methods to be implemented to eliminate or reduce the risks that ma
22、y arise. For example, when on site, such a person is expected to recognize at all times whether it is safe to proceed.3.3 containment netwind-permeable or semi-permeable temporary cladding net, conforming to BS 7955, intended to restrain small objects or tools and debris, to restrict dust, to reduce
23、 the effects of weather and to provide protection for persons from falling objects3.4 containment sheettranslucent, semi-permeable or non-permeable LTC sheet, conforming to BS 7955, intended to protect a structure from inclement weather, to contain dust and other pollution, and to prevent small obje
24、cts, tools and debris from falling3.5 GRP sheetrigid profiled translucent impervious LTC sheet conforming to BS EN 1013-1 and BS EN 1013-2, intended for longer term projects or where the cladding is vulnerable to high winds or heavy loads, and for temporary roofing3.6 lightweight temporary cladding
25、(LTC)containment net, containment sheet or rigid GRP profiled sheet usually, but not exclusively, supported by scaffold, which provides protection from the environment for workers, or protection of the environment from airborne materials such as dust3.7 tiemeans used to join separate sheets or nets
26、into larger configurations and to secure them in position BSI 2007 3BS 8410:20074 Selection of lightweight temporary cladding4.1 Lightweight temporary cladding is particularly vulnerable to cutting and chafing and therefore liable to damage easily.NOTE 1 For major long-term projects, building contro
27、l officers might have requirements for LTC, and might require materials of a particular specification.NOTE 2 The durability and performance of nets and sheets is also dependent on the type, number and quality of the fixings; see Clause 7.NOTE 3 See Annex A for background information relating to LTC.
28、 NOTE GRP sheets embrittle quite slowly and will retain their strength for many years.4.2 All synthetic fibres and textiles can be damaged through weathering and UV light. Normally, this results in a reduction in strength and embrittlement. Where the sheets might be in position over several seasons,
29、 the material should be regularly replaced or advice should be sought from the supplier or manufacturer. However, if care is taken in the design, positioning, erection, maintenance and use of the temporary cladding, these disadvantages can be largely controlled.4.3 When ordering the LTC for a tempor
30、ary structure, at least the following information should be provided:a) dimensions of the structure to be clad (height, length, width and lift heights), including a drawing of the structure if possible;b) time to be allowed for the cladding to be erected;c) time over which the cladding is needed;d)
31、confirmation that the structure has been designed for the extra loads that could be applied due to the presence of the cladding see 4.4a), 4.4b) and 4.4j);e) what operations are going to be carried out from the structure to be clad;f) what materials are needed for the operation to be carried out, e.
32、g. chemicals for washing brickwork;g) any special needs, for example, flame-retardant materials, dust sheets, noise reduction, complete weather-proof enclosure, etc.;h) site location and likely climatic conditions.4.4 The selection of LTC and its fixings should be made following a risk assessment ba
33、sed on individual site requirements. The risk assessment should take into account:a) size, nature and weight of any object(s) to be contained;b) additional loading that might be transferred to the structure or access scaffold from the containment net or sheet;c) whether the cladding needs to be flam
34、e-retardant;d) degree of protection required from rain or washing-down operations;BS 8410:20074 BSI 2007NOTE 1 Where high dust concentrations occur inside the clad area, consideration should be given to the use of personal protective equipment for persons working in those areas.NOTE 2 The appearance
35、 of the net or sheet deteriorates as dust builds up on them, their ability to transmit light is reduced, and the flow of air through nets and woven sheets is progressively impeded.e) need to prevent dust and debris from escaping to the environment;f) need to exclude airborne dust and debris from the
36、 work area;g) need for ventilation;h) possible reaction to chemicals used in facade cleaning, etc.;i) need for light transmission;j) ability of ties or sheeting to fail at a load below that which would endanger the supporting structure;k) area and protection required for safe handling of the LTC;l)
37、need for intermittent access through the cladding;m) size of sheet, etc., pattern and frequency of attachment points;n) ability to retain heat;o) availability of independent test data;p) level of site security required;q) durability of cladding for longer term projects.4.5 Details of material perfor
38、mance should be sought from manufacturers or suppliers when selecting containment nets and sheets for use in highly abrasive, chemically aggressive or extreme temperature situations.5 Precautions to be taken for particular applications5.1 Fixing to scaffoldsAdvice on scaffold construction is given i
39、n BS EN 12811-1. The number and frequency of scaffold fixings from the supporting scaffold framework into the main permanent structure should be calculated in accordance with BS EN 12811-1 to ensure that the loads from the temporary cladding can be carried effectively.NOTE 1 If LTC is fixed to the i
40、nside of the scaffolding, it could have added implications for the scaffold design.LTC should preferably be fixed to the outside of the scaffold standards so that it will detach easily if the wind load becomes excessive.NOTE 2 Guard rails provide an additional intermediate fixing position.LTC on nor
41、mal scaffolds should be supported by the framework of ledgers and standards. The containment nets and sheets should be in direct contact with and fixed firmly to the open edges of the platforms, handrails, etc., leaving no gaps where possible. Where they are designed to overlap, the lower edges of t
42、he upper nets or sheets should be tucked inside the top edges of the lower nets/sheets to ensure that falling dust and debris is retained inside the cladding. Where the nets and sheets are being used to contain material thrown out by explosions, etc., it will be necessary to allow the upper sheet/ne
43、t fall outside the lower one (see 5.3, Note 2). BSI 2007 5BS 8410:2007Where containment nets and sheets are fitted to tube and fitting scaffolds, the projection of scaffold elements, e.g. transoms, should be controlled so that they do not project more than 100 mm over the outside ledger. In all case
44、s transom ends and coupler bolts should be capped where there is danger that the temporary cladding could be damaged.In the case of GRP sheets, projecting ends of transoms should be avoided to allow the sheets to be firmly clamped to the standards and ledgers (see Annex B).5.2 Control and retention
45、of fine particlesIn order to effectively control all dusts, grits, etc., LTC with low air porosity should be used. It should be correctly positioned to promote the flow of air in a particular direction, and coupled with forced ventilation. Containment sheets that have airtight joints can also be use
46、d for the control of fumes. Most applications are reasonably standard. Unusual arrangements will need to be specifically designed to reflect the type of layout, the configurations of the site and the characteristics of the cladding.Particular care might need to be taken where the fine particles are
47、hazardous (see 8.5).NOTE Where the control of dusts, etc., is not so critical it might be possible to encourage the flow in certain directions by the appropriate positioning of the LTC away from the building, while forming gaps in it at top and bottom to promote a rising current of air.Where LTC is
48、used to control dusts, etc., the dusts should be cleaned from the cladding to prevent any build-up of these materials blowing off into the atmosphere.Containment nets and sheets should be washed with cold water if contaminated with any kind of chemical. If washing is carried out, measures should be
49、taken to prevent environmental contamination from harmful materials in the wash.Advice should be taken from the manufacturer or supplier if a net or sheet is to be used in an environment where chemical contamination is likely to take place.5.3 Control and retention of debrisLTC can be used in diverting the fall or projection of material into a safe zone. When used for this purpose, the LTC should be placed as close as possible to the level where objects could fall.However, falling debris can also be restrained if there is suf
