1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58natural durability of solid wood against wood-destroying fungi, test methods Part 1: Basidiomycetes
2、ICS 79.040Durability of wood and wood-based products Determination of the DRAFT FOR DEVELOPMENTDD CEN/TS 15083-1:2005DD CEN/TS 15083-1:2005This Draft for Development was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee and comes into effect on 14 November 2005 BSI 14 Nove
3、mber 2005ISBN 0 580 46610 8National forewordThis Draft for Development is the official English language version of CEN/TS 15083-1:2005.This publication is not to be regarded as a British Standard.It is being issued in the Draft for Development series of publications and is of a provisional nature be
4、cause the Technical Committee wants to assess its usefulness. It should be applied on this provisional basis, so that information and experience of its practical application may be obtained.Comments arising from the use of this Draft for Development are requested so that UK experience can be reporte
5、d to the European organization responsible for its conversion to a European standard. A review of this publication will be initiated 2 years after its publication by the European organization so that a decision can be taken on its status at the end of its 3-year life. Notification of the start of th
6、e review period will be made in an announcement in the appropriate issue of Update Standards.According to the replies received by the end of the review period, the responsible BSI Committee will decide whether to support the conversion into a European standard, to extend the life of the Technical Sp
7、ecification or to withdraw it. Comments should be sent in writing to the Secretary of BSI Subcommittee B/515/1, Preservative preconditioning and biological testing, at British Standards House, 389 Chiswick High Road, London W4 4AL, giving the document reference and clause number and proposing, where
8、 possible, an appropriate revision of the text.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalo
9、gue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its corre
10、ct application.Summary of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the CEN/TS title page, pages 2 to 20, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publication
11、Amd. No. Date CommentsTECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONSPCIFICATION TECHNIQUETECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATIONCEN/TS 15083-1July 2005ICS 79.040English versionDurability of wood and wood-based products - Determination ofthe natural durability of solid wood against wood-destroyingfungi, test methods - Part 1: Basidiomyc
12、etesDurabilit du bois et des matriaux drivs du bois -Dtermination de la durabilit naturelle du bois massif vis-vis des champignons lignivores, mthodes dessai -Partie 1: BasidiomyctesDauerhaftigkeit von Holz und Holzprodukten - Bestimmungder natrlichen Dauerhaftigkeit von Vollholz gegenholzzerstrende
13、 Pilze, Prfverfahren - Teil 1:BasidiomycetenThis Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 1 March 2005 for provisional application.The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit theircomments, p
14、articularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard.CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS availablepromptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflic
15、ting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS)until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary
16、, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassar
17、t, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. CEN/TS 15083-1:2005: E2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction4 1 Scope .5 2 Normative reference .5 3 Terms and definitions.5 4 Principle.5 5 Test materials and a
18、pparatus.5 6 Test specimens .8 7 Procedure 9 8 Test report .11 Annex A (informative) Guidance on sampling13 Annex B (informative) Test fungi.14 Annex C (normative) Methods of sterilization 16 Annex D (informative) Assessment of results17 Annex E (informative) Example of a test report .18 Bibliograph
19、y.20 DD CEN/TS 15083-1:20053 Foreword This document (CEN/TS 15083-1:2005) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 38 “Durability of wood and wood-based products”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This document consists of two parts. Part 1 is required to determine the natural durab
20、ility of solid wood against wood destroying basidiomycetes fungi and Part 2 against soft rotting micro-fungi. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this CEN Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, C
21、yprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. DD CEN/TS 15083-1:20054 Introduction This C
22、EN Technical Specification specifies a laboratory method of test which gives a basis for the assessment of the natural durability of a sample of timber against attack by wood-destroying basidiomycetes. The natural durability of a species of timber can vary depending on the conditions of growth such
23、as climate and soil type. For this reason, the durability established using the method described in this document will relate only to the sample of timber tested. Guidance on sampling is given in Annex A. This laboratory method provides one criterion by which the durability of the timber can be asse
24、ssed. It is recommended that this information be supplemented by data from other relevant tests, for example CEN/TS 15083-2, and above all by practical experience. The procedures described in this standard method are intended to be carried out by suitably trained and/or supervised specialists. DD CE
25、N/TS 15083-1:20055 1 Scope This CEN Technical Specification specifies a method of test for determining the natural durability of a timber against wood-destroying basidiomycetes cultured on an agar medium. The method is applicable to all timber species. NOTE This method may be used in conjunction wit
26、h an ageing procedure, for example EN 73 or EN 84. 2 Normative reference The following referenced document is indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any
27、 amendments) applies. EN ISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods (ISO 3696:1987) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 supplier sponsor of the test (person or company providing the sample of timb
28、er to be tested) 4 Principle Test specimens prepared from the timber under test and reference timber test specimens are exposed to attack by pure cultures of wood-destroying basidiomycete fungi. After a prescribed period of incubation under defined conditions, the percentage loss in dry mass of the
29、test specimens is used to estimate the resistance of the test timber to attack by the test fungi and as the basis of a provisional durability rating. 5 Test materials and apparatus 5.1 Biological material 5.1.1 Test fungi The test fungi to be used are as follows. 5.1.1.1 Obligatory fungus in all cas
30、es: Coniophora puteana (Schumacher ex Fries) Karsten (BAM Ebw. 15). Loss in mass of Scots pine sapwood in 16 weeks: minimum 30 %. Loss in mass of beech in 16 weeks: minimum 30 %. DD CEN/TS 15083-1:20056 5.1.1.2 Obligatory fungi for particular timbers: Poria placenta (Fries) Cooke sensu J. Eriksson (
31、FPRL 280) for soft woods. Loss in mass of Scots pine sapwood in 16 weeks: minimum 20 %. Coriolus versicolor (Linnaeus) Qulet (CTB 863A) for hardwoods. Loss in mass of beech in 16 weeks: minimum 20 %. 5.1.1.3 Maintenance of strains The strains shall be maintained and treated (frequency of subculturin
32、g, alternation of culture media, etc.) in accordance with the instructions of their laboratory of origin (see B.2). The parent strain shall be maintained in the laboratory of its origin so as to conserve and to assure its vigour. NOTE If tests are not undertaken regularly or if a strain shows signs
33、of degeneration a new standard culture of the strain should be obtained from the laboratory of its origin for each test (see B.2). When new strains are received, the virulence shall be tested to ensure the strain can achieve the minimum loss in mass (see 5.1.1.1 and 5.1.1.2). 5.1.2 Reference timbers
34、 5.1.2.1 Species used for the tests: Scots pine sapwood (Pinus sylvestris Linnaeus) for tests with softwoods; beech (Fagus sylvatica Linnaeus) for tests with hardwoods. 5.1.2.2 Wood quality The wood shall be free from cracks, stain, decay, insect damage or other defects. The wood shall not have been
35、 water-stored, floated, chemically treated or steamed. NOTE Wood that has been kiln dried at temperatures below 60 C can be used. The Scots pine shall be exclusively sapwood containing little resin and having between 2,5 and 8 annual growth rings per 10 mm. The proportion of latewood in the annual r
36、ings shall not exceed 30 % of the whole. The beech shall be even-grained, free from tyloses and discolouration. It shall have between 2 and 6 annual growth rings per 10 mm. 5.1.2.3 Provision of reference timber test specimens Prepare planed strips having a cross-section of (25 0,5) mm x (15 0,5) mm.
37、 The longitudinal faces shall be parallel to the direction of the grain. The annual rings shall not be parallel to the broad faces (contact angle to be greater than 5) but otherwise may run in any direction. Make transverse cuts, neatly to give sharp edges and a fine-sawn finish to the end-grain sur
38、faces, to give reference timber test specimens (50 0,5) mm long. The test specimens shall originate from a minimum of three trees or shall be taken from a stock originally of more than 500 test specimens and originating from at least five planks. 5.1.2.4 Dimensions and density of reference timber te
39、st specimens The dimensions of each reference timber test specimen at a mass fraction of (12 2) % moisture content shall be (50 0,5) x (25 0,5) mm x (15 0,5) mm. DD CEN/TS 15083-1:20057 NOTE A moisture meter of the two-pronged electrical conductivity type is suitable for assessing moisture content.
40、In a batch of test specimens, the density of an individual is permitted to differ from the mean value of the batch by 10 %. 5.1.2.5 Number and distribution of reference timber test specimens Use at least 10 reference timber test specimens for each test fungus. Mark each test specimen so that it can
41、be identified throughout the test. 5.2 Products and reagents 5.2.1 Culture medium The culture medium shall be a malt agar medium with the following composition: malt extract: in concentrated form: (50 0,5) g; in powder form: (40 0,5) g. agar causing no inhibition of growth of fungi: (20 0,5) g to (3
42、0 0,5) g. water conforming to grade 3 of EN ISO 3696: quantity to make up to 1 000 ml. Prepare this medium by warming the mixture in a boiling water bath or steam bath, stirring until completely dissolved. Place in each culture vessel (5.3.1) a sufficient quantity of the medium to provide a minimum
43、depth of 3 mm to 4 mm when in its in-use position. Close the vessels as specified in 5.3.1 and sterilize in an autoclave at 121 C for 20 min. Let the vessels cool in their in-use position. 5.3 Apparatus 5.3.1 Culture vessels, Kolle flasks or equivalent vessels with a capacity of between 400 ml and 6
44、50 ml providing a flat surface area of between 85 cm and 120 cm for the medium. NOTE 1 Examples of suitable vessels are given in EN 113. NOTE 2 Kolle flasks are usually plugged with a wad of cotton wool. Other culture vessels are usually fitted with leakproof lids, the centres of which are pierced w
45、ith a round hole of up to 15 mm diameter and plugged with a wad of cotton wool. 5.3.2 Drying oven, capable of being controlled at (103 2) C. 5.3.3 Desiccators, with efficient desiccant (silica gel for example). 5.3.4 Conditioning chamber, well ventilated and controlled at (20 2) C and (65 5) % relat
46、ive humidity. 5.3.5 Culture chamber, (incubator or room) dark and controlled at (22 2) C and (70 5) % relative humidity. DD CEN/TS 15083-1:20058 5.3.6 Test specimens supports, made of glass, stainless steel or any other inert material, that is to say, with no risk of having any effect on the culture
47、 medium, the fungus, the wood, or in itself being modified. NOTE Supports may be capable of holding either one or two test specimens. The supports are used to prevent direct contact of the test specimens with the culture medium, but shall not separate them from it by more than 3 mm. 5.3.7 Ordinary l
48、aboratory equipment, including a balance capable of weighing to an accuracy of 0,01 g and an autoclave. 6 Test specimens 6.1 Species and source of wood Ensure that the species of each plank or log to be tested has been identified correctly and record both the botanical and the trade name. Obtain as
49、much information as possible on the origin and history of the sample (see Clause 9). The sample of timber shall be free from penetrating wood preservative treatments, for example boron-based anti-stain products. NOTE 1 Commercial samples of timber can contain more than one botanical species. NOTE 2 Guidance on sampling is given in Annex A. 6.2 Wood quality Record the physical characteristics of the timber sample, for example the sizes of logs/planks, the presence of resin p
