1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 1244:1998 The Europ
2、ean Standard EN 1244:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 83.180 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Adhesives Determination of the colour and/or colour changes of adhesive coats under the influence of lightThis British Standard, having been prepared under
3、 the direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 July 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 29637 7 BS EN 1244:1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British St
4、andard is the English language version of EN 1244:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee STI/52, Adhesives, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpreta
5、tion, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which im
6、plement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not pu
7、rport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front
8、 cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 6, an inside back cover and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and
9、by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 1244:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 1244 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM February 1998 ICS 83.180 Descriptors: Adhesives, coatings, tests, colorimetry, artificial light tests, determination, colour fastness, specimen preparation
10、English version Adhesives Determination of the colour and/or colour changes of adhesive coats under the influence of light Adhe sifs De termination de la couleur et/ou des changements de couleur des reve tements adhe sifs sous linfluence de la lumie re Klebstoffe Bestimmung der Farbe und/oder der Fa
11、rba nderung von Klebaufstrichen unter Lichteinwirkung This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 January 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without an
12、y alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by
13、 translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ire
14、land, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 1244:1998 BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 193, Adhesives, the secretariat of which is held by AENOR. This European Standard shall b
15、e given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organiz
16、ations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword
17、2 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Principle 3 5 Safety 3 6 Apparatus 3 7 Test specimens 4 8 Procedure 4 9 Expression of results 5 10 Test report 5Page 3 EN 1244:1998 BSI 1998 1 Scope This European Standard is applicable to solvent-based, dispersion, hot-melt and reactive adhesiv
18、es, their basic constituents, and related products the coating of which are coloured and/or subject to a change of colour by light. It describes a method of measuring the colour of an adhesive coat and the magnitude of a change of colour under the influence of light. A change of colour of an adhesiv
19、e coat can be very undesirable in practice, in particular if goods made of white or bright-coloured materials such as paper, textiles or leather are adhesively bonded and material surfaces are contaminated by coated adhesive. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or und
20、ated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only when
21、 incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. EN 923, Adhesives Terms and definitions. EN 1066, Adhesives Sampling. EN 1067, Adhesives Examination and preparation of samples for testing. CIE Publication No 15.2 (1986),
22、 Colorimetry. ISO 554:1976, Standard atmospheres for conditioning and/or testing Specifications. ISO 2602:1980, Statistical interpretation of test results Estimation of the mean Confidence interval. ISO 105-B02:1988, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part B02: Colour fastness to artificial light: X
23、enon arc fading lamp test. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the definitions in accordance with EN 923, CIE Publication No 15.2, and the following definitions apply: 3.1 adhesive coat adhesive layer applied to an adherend 3.2 adhesive film adhesive coat separated from the substrate af
24、ter setting 3.3 colour sensation perceived by the human eye 4 Principle The colour of an adhesive coat is measured by colorimeter, converting its readings according to the CIE recommendations (CIE publication No 15.2) to CIELAB values. The change of colour of an adhesive coat is determined by exposi
25、ng an adhesive coat for a specified time under specified conditions to artificial light that is very similar in spectral composition to natural daylight but greater in intensity, and then measuring the colour of the coat before and after the exposure to light, and calculating the CIELAB colour diffe
26、rences. 5 Safety Persons using this standard shall be familiar with normal laboratory practice. This standard does not purport to address all the safety problems, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish safety and health practices and to ensure compliance w
27、ith any European and national regulatory conditions. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Cardboard, about 250 g/m 2 in mass in relation to the surface, with a smooth surface and a very high degree of whiteness as carrier for adhesive coats and film. The cardboard shall be free from hydroxybutyl toluene (BHT) or other i
28、ngredients liable to cause discoloration by migration to avoid interferences or false results. 6.2 Glass sheets, with a completely even surface (plate glass) for the preparation of adhesive film. 6.3 Coating device, allowing the spreading of the adhesive to be tested on cardboard (see 6.1) or glass
29、sheet (see 6.2) producing on a flat surface a coating of 100 mm3 30 mm and a uniform thickness of (0,1 0,02) mm after drying, cooling and setting, which shall be measured by any suitable methods. 6.4 Colorimeter, for measuring the colour of test specimens both unexposed and exposed to light (see als
30、o 8.2) and converting the readings to the CIE colour space values L * ,a * and b * and calculating the CIELAB colour differencesDL * ,Da * ,Db * andDE * ab automatically according to the CIE recommendations (CIE publication No 15.2). This colorimeter shall also be suitable for the determination of t
31、he yellowness index YI.Page 4 EN 1244:1998 BSI 1998 6.5 Light exposure apparatus, containing the following elements. 6.5.1 Xenon arc lamp, of correlated colour temperatures ranging from 5 0008K to 6 5008Kt o conform with ISO 105:B02 and a rating in the range 1,5 kW (as suggested in ISO 105:B02), dep
32、endent on the type of equipment and cooling system. 6.5.2 Light filter, placed between the xenon arc lamp and specimen holders so that the ultra-violet spectrum is steadily reduced. The transmission of the filter shall be at least 90 % between 380 nm and 750 nm, falling to 0 % between 310 nm and 320
33、 nm. 6.5.3 Heat filter. The spectrum of the xenon arc contains an appreciable amount of infra-red radiation. For minimizing this radiation an efficient glass or water filter system is necessary. 6.5.4 Test chamber, of a light source is surrounded by 10 or more holders made from an inert material for
34、 test specimens (see 7.1), size 130 mm3 45 mm, arranged in an equal distance on a carousel in such a manner that the intensity of radiation on the plane of the specimen reaches about 1 000 W/m 2 . The intensity of radiation shall not vary more than 10 % from the mean value calculated on all samples.
35、 The rotation rate of the carousel shall be from 1 min 21 to 5 min 21 . The irradiation of the test specimens shall be selectable between turning sample operations (periodic light-dark cycles) or stationary sample operations (permanent exposure to light). A humidified stream of air shall pass throug
36、h the test chamber over the surfaces of the specimens. The relative humidity of the test chamber shall be controlled by a contact hygrometer. 6.5.5 Cover mask. For a partial exposure of the test specimens to light cover masks of stainless steel are required, opening after specified times an unexpose
37、d section of the surface of the specimens, of a minimum size of 30 mm3 15 mm, for exposure. The masks shall tightly cover the unexposed part of the specimen so that a sharp borderline is produced between the unexposed and the exposed parts. In order to avoid adhesion of the adhesive coat to the test
38、 specimen it is useful to coat the surface of the cover mask in direct contact with the specimen with an inert release agent (e.g. a polyfluorohydrocarbon). 6.5.6 Black panel temperature sensor, for measuring the temperature of the surface of the test specimens when tested. 6.5.7 Radiation measuring
39、 device, allowing measurement of the intensity (W/m 2 ) and/or the dosage of radiation (J/m 2 ) on the level of the test specimens. NOTE For assessing the dosage of radiation the Blue Wool Reference Standard specified in ISO 105-B02 should be used. 7 Test specimens 7.1 Preparation of the test specim
40、ens Take a sample of the adhesive to be tested in accordance with EN 1066 and examine and prepare it in accordance with EN 1067. Pour a test portion of this sample on a sheet of cardboard (see 6.1) and spread the adhesive using a coating device (see 6.3) to give coats of size (100 mm3 30 mm). During
41、 coating use a generous quantity of adhesive of thickness (0,1 0,02) mm after complete evaporation of all volatile adhesive constituent (e.g. water, solvents, etc.). The dry coat shall be of uniform thickness, have uniform surface structure and shall not contain any bubbles. To fulfil these requirem
42、ents, the adhesive to be tested shall be applied on cardboard (see 6.1) or on a glass sheet (see 6.2), if necessary after dilution with a suitable solvent, in several coats (always after drying the preceding coat). If the cardboard (see 6.1) is deformed or damaged by the application of the adhesive,
43、 prepare an adhesive film by coating the adhesive on a glass sheet (see 6.2) and attach the film in full contact to the cardboard (see 6.1) forming a test specimen. A suitable release agent shall be used in a required amount to facilitate or to allow separation of the adhesive film from the glass sh
44、eet. Care shall be taken when attaching the adhesive film to the cardboard to ensure that the surface covered with the release agent is brought into contact with the cardboard. 7.2 Number of test specimens Unless otherwise indicated prepare and use, for each test, five test specimens. NOTE Some adhe
45、sive coats can also change their colour during storage in the dark. In such a case a reference test specimen should be stored in the dark to determine the colour change during the test period in accordance with this standard and this should be recorded in the test report. 8 Procedure 8.1 Storage of
46、the test specimens Store all specimens until completely set in the dark for at least 10 days in a standard atmosphere of 238C/50 % RH in accordance with ISO 554. 8.2 Colour measurement of unexposed specimens Standardize the colorimeter using a white reference standard (standard illuminant D65, stand
47、ard observer 108, geometry of measurement d/88) in accordance with the colorimeter manufacturer instructions. Determine the CIE L * ,a * and b * values of the test specimens with the colorimeter, in accordance with CIE publication No 15.2. Note the values in the test report.Page 5 EN 1244:1998 BSI 1
48、998 8.3 Exposure of the test specimens to light Mount the test specimens partly covered by the mask (see 6.5.5) and the holders in such a manner that none of them varies its position in the exposure apparatus (see 6.5) with respect to the light source during exposure. Operate the machine with all ho
49、lders regardless of the number of test specimens inserted. Position a temperature sensor (see 6.5.6) and a radiation measuring device (see 6.5.7) in such a manner that they receive the same radiation as the surface of the test specimens. During exposure turn all test specimens with the holders periodically by 1808 from light to dark and from dark to light position. Control the power of the machine during exposure permanently. To avoid a change in surface structure ensure that the surface temperature of the test specimens does
