1、BS EN 1380:2009ICS 91.080.20NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDTimber structures Test methods Loadbearing nails, screws,dowels and boltsThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the StandardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 30 April200
2、9 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 56920 3Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 1380:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 1380:2009. Itsupersedes BS EN 1380:1999 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technica
3、lCommittee B/518, Structural timber.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Sta
4、ndard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS EN 1380:2009EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 1380April 2009ICS 91.080.20 Supersedes EN 1380:1999 English VersionTimber structures - Test methods - Load bearing nails, screws,dowels and boltsStructures en bois - Mthode dessai - Po
5、intes, tire-fonds,broches et boulons porteursHolzbauwerke - Prfverfahren - TragendeNagelverbindungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 2 November 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard
6、the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, Germ
7、an). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Repu
8、blic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NOR
9、MALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2009 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 1380:2009: EBS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 1 Scope 4 2 Norm
10、ative references 4 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Symbols and abbreviations 5 5 Requirements .5 5.1 Timber .5 5.2 Wood-based products .5 5.3 Metal plates and dowel type fasteners 5 6 Test methods 6 6.1 General 6 6.2 Conditioning .6 6.3 Fabrication of the test pieces .6 6.4 Preparation of the test piec
11、es 6 6.4.1 Load parallel to grain 6 6.4.2 Load perpendicular to grain .9 6.4.3 Determination of relative displacements . 14 6.5 Test procedure 14 6.6 Test results 14 6.7 Test report . 14 BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 1380:2009) has been prepared by Technical Committee
12、CEN/TC 124 “Timber structures”, the secretariat of which is held by SFS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2009, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the
13、latest by October 2009. This document supersedes EN 1380:1999. The first version of this European Standard was published in September 1999 and considered only connections with nails. When the product standard for dowel type fasteners EN 14592 became available the scope of EN 1380 was expanded. There
14、fore, this revised version covers dowel type fasteners as nails, screws, dowels and bolts. Connections with load bearing staples are considered in EN 1381:1999. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement t
15、his European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and Un
16、ited Kingdom. BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies test methods for determining the strength and deformation characteristics of laterally loaded connections with nail, screws, dowels and bolts in load-bearing timber structures. The methods assess connections wit
17、h members of timber (solid timber or glued laminated timber) or wood-based products or metal plates (but not punched metal plate fasteners) in the combination proposed for use in service. The methods are used to determine load-slip characteristics and maximum load of connections where various angles
18、 between the applied force and the timber grain direction, or the main direction of the wood-based products, respectively, are possible. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited appl
19、ies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 322, Wood-based panels Determination of moisture content EN 323, Wood-based panels Determination of density EN 13183-2, Moisture content of a piece of sawn timber Part 2: Estimation by e
20、lectrical resistance method EN 14080, Timber structures Glued laminated timber Requirements EN 14081-1, Timber structures Strength graded structural timber with rectangular cross section Part 1: General requirements EN 14358, Timber structures Calculation of characteristic 5-percentile values and ac
21、ceptance criteria for a sample EN 14592, Timber structures Dowel-type fasteners Requirements EN 26891:1991, Timber structures Joints made with mechanical fasteners General principles for the determination of strength and deformation characteristics (ISO 6891:1983) EN 28970, Timber structures Testing
22、 of joints made with mechanical fasteners Requirements for wood density (ISO 8970:1989) ISO 3131, Wood Determination of density for physical and mechanical tests BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 5 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.
23、1 deformation of the connection mean value of the measurements of the relative displacements of the members 3.2 dowel type fasteners elements such as nails, screws, dowels and bolts as defined by EN 14592 4 Symbols and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following symbols and abbrev
24、iations apply. b width of member cross-section, in millimetres F load, in newtons t member thickness, in millimetres 5 Requirements 5.1 Timber The timber (solid timber or glued laminated timber) shall satisfy the requirements of EN 14080, EN 14081-1 and shall be selected in accordance with either of
25、 the methods given in EN 28970. For each test piece, the individual members to be joined shall be selected to ensure a test piece of balanced density. For a group of similar test pieces, separate planks shall be used for each test piece. NOTE The members should be free from major defects, which coul
26、d lead to premature failure in the area away from the fasteners. 5.2 Wood-based products The specification of the wood based products shall be established. The products used for the individual members of the test pieces shall be representative of the class or range of product to which they belong an
27、d the relevant properties shall be declared. One unique grade shall be used to make the test pieces. For each test piece, the individual members in the connection shall be selected from separate pieces of material. 5.3 Metal plates and dowel type fasteners The specification of the metal plates shall
28、 be established. The requirements for dowel type fasteners as given in EN 14592 apply. BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 6 6 Test methods 6.1 General The moisture content and density of the timber or wood-based products members at test shall be determined as specified in EN 13183-2, ISO 3131, EN 322 a
29、nd EN 323 as appropriate. 6.2 Conditioning The test pieces shall be manufactured with the timber or wood-based products at an equilibrium moisture content corresponding to (20 2) C and (85 5) % relative humidity. The material is conditioned when it attains constant mass. Constant mass is considered
30、to be attained when the results of two successive weightings, carried out at an interval of 6 h, do not differ by more than 0,1 % of the mass of the material. After manufacture but prior to testing the test pieces shall be stored for at least one week at (20 2) C and (65 5) % relative humidity. For
31、certain investigations other moisture conditioning can be appropriate, and shall be reported. NOTE For some hardwoods a much longer storing period can be necessary or the test pieces should be made with appropriate gaps between the members. 6.3 Fabrication of the test pieces If there are no special
32、requirements, timber members shall be planed. Test pieces shall be fabricated with the fasteners perpendicular to the member surface. The insertion of the dowel type fasteners shall follow normal preparation (e.g. pre-boring) and practice, which shall be reported. The number of fasteners shall refle
33、ct the actual use in practice. In principle the connection is symmetrical with respect to the direction of the load comprising the geometry of the timber members and number and penetration depth of the fasteners. For nails and screws the depth of the fastener head indentation will have an influence
34、on the test result, particularly for connections loaded in double shear. Therefore, if the fabrication technique permits the fastener heads shall protrude above the surface. 6.4 Preparation of the test pieces 6.4.1 Load parallel to grain For connections with fasteners that do not pass fully through
35、all members: - consisting solely of timber or wood-based products (or combinations thereof) the test pieces shall be fabricated either as a) three-member connections with dowel type fasteners from each side, loaded in single shear, see Figure 1, or b) three-member connections with dowel type fastene
36、rs from each side, loaded in double shear, see Figure 2. The minimum end length l is 50 mm as shown in Figures 1 and 2 may not be appropriate to thin timber or wood-based products subjected to compression loads. - with metal plates connected with dowel type fasteners to timber or wood-based products
37、 members, the test pieces shall be fabricated either as BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 7 a) single shear test pieces with dowel type fasteners from each side and with the side members of metal plates, or b) double shear test pieces with dowel type fasteners from each side and with the metal plate a
38、s central member. BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 8 Key 1 grain direction 2 not protruding end 3 protruding end 4 displacement pick-up points l free length t1side member width t2middle member NOTE Dowels and bolts will usually protrude at the outer faces of the side members. Figure 1 Example of a th
39、ree timber member connection with not fully penetrating dowel type fasteners loaded in single shear and with the positions of displacement pick up points BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 9 Key 1 grain direction 2 not protruding end 3 protruding end 4 displacement pick-up points l free length t1side m
40、ember width t2middle member NOTE Dowels and bolts will usually protrude at the outer faces of the side members. Figure 2 Example of a three timber member connection with not fully penetrating dowel type fasteners, loaded in double shear and with the position of displacement pick up points 6.4.2 Load
41、 perpendicular to grain For connections with fasteners that do not fully pass through all members: - consisting solely of timber or wood-based products (or combinations thereof) the test pieces shall be fabricated either as a) three-member connections with dowel type fasteners from each side, loaded
42、 in single shear, see Figures 3 and 4, or b) three-member connections with dowel type fasteners from each side, loaded in double shear, see Figures 5 and 6. BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 10 The minimum end length l = 50 mm as shown in Figures 3 to 6 may not be appropriate to thin timber or wood-ba
43、sed products subjected to compression loads. Key 1 grain direction 2 not protruding end 3 protruding end 4 displacement pick-up points l free length t1side member width t2middle member Figure 3 Example of a three timber member connection with not fully penetrating dowel type fasteners loaded single
44、shear, side members loaded perpendicular to grain and with the positions of displacement pick up points BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 11 Key 1 grain direction 2 not protruding end 3 protruding end 4 displacement pick-up points l free length t1side member width t2middle member Figure 4 Example of a
45、 three timber member connection with not fully penetrating dowel type fasteners loaded single shear with a central member loaded perpendicular to grain and the position of displacement pick up points - with metal plates to timber or wood based products members, the test pieces shall be fabricated ei
46、ther as a) single shear test pieces with dowel type fasteners from each side and with the side members of metal plates, or BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 12 b) double shear test pieces with dowel type fasteners from each side and with the metal plate as central member. Key 1 grain direction 2 not p
47、rotruding end 3 protruding end 4 displacement pick-up points l free length t1side member width t2middle member Figure 5 Example of a three timber member connection with not fully penetrating dowel type fasteners loaded double shear with side members loaded perpendicular to grain with the position of
48、 displacement load pick-up points BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 13 Key 1 grain direction 2 not protruding end 3 protruding end 4 displacement pick-up points l free length t1side member width t2middle member Figure 6 Example of a three timber member connection with not fully penetrating fasteners l
49、oaded in double shear and a central member loaded perpendicular to grain with the position of displacement load pick-up points BS EN 1380:2009EN 1380:2009 (E) 14 6.4.3 Determination of relative displacements The mean relative displacement of the members shall be measured to determine the slip related parameters according to EN 26891. The displacement shall be measured to an accuracy of 1 %. The displacement pick-up points to determination of the relative displacement of the members in the direction of the load shall in princi
