1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58temperatureThe European Standard EN 2002-1:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 49.025.05;
2、49.025.15Test methods Part 1: Tensile testing at ambient Metallic materials BRITISH STANDARD AEROSPACE SERIESBS EN 2002-1:2005BS EN 2002-1:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 3 January 2006 BSI 3 January 2006ISBN 0 580 47227 2
3、Cross-referencesThe British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or
4、of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary of pagesThis document comprises
5、 a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 22, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments present to the responsible internat
6、ional/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secr
7、etary.National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN 2002-1:2005. ACE/61, Metallic materials for aerospace purposes, to Subcommittee ACE/61/-/1, Mechanical testing of metallic materials, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text;The
8、UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 2002-001November 2005ICS 49.025.05; 49.025.15English VersionAerospace series - Metallic materials - Test methods - Part 1:Tensile testing at ambient temperatureSrie arospatiale
9、- Matriaux mtalliques - Mthodesdessais applicables - Partie 1 : Essais de traction temprature ambianteLuft-und Raumfahrt - Metallische Werkstoffe -Prfverfahren - Teil 1: Zugversuch bei RaumtemperaturThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 September 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with
10、the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat o
11、r to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversion
12、s.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland
13、 and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 2002-00
14、1:2005: E2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction4 1 Scope .4 2 Normative references .4 3 Terms, definitions and symbols 4 4 Health and safety 7 5 Principle.7 6 Testing requirements7 7 Test report .13 Annex A (normative) Types of test piece to be used for sheet and strip with thickness less than or e
15、qual to 8 mm .15 Annex B (normative) Types of non-machined test piece to be used in the case of bar, section and wire with a diameter or thickness less than or equal to 8 mm.17 Annex C (normative) Types of machined test piece to be used in the case of bar, section, plate and wire with diameter or th
16、ickness greater than 8 mm and for forgings and castings.18 Annex D (normative) Types of test piece to be used in the case of tubes .21 EN 2002-1:20053 Foreword This European Standard (EN 2002-001:2005) has been prepared by the European Association of Aerospace Manufacturers - Standardization (AECMA-
17、STAN). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of AECMA, prior to its presentation to CEN. This European Standard shall be given the
18、status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2006. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject
19、 of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cypru
20、s, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 2002-1:20054 Introduction This standard is p
21、art of the series of EN metallic material standards for aerospace applications. The general organization of this series is described in EN 4258. 1 Scope This standard specifies the requirements for the tensile testing of metallic materials at ambient temperature for aerospace applications. It shall
22、be applied when referred to in the EN technical specification or material standard unless otherwise specified on the drawing, order or inspection schedule. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the
23、 edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 7500-1, Metallic materials Verification of static uniaxial testing machines Part 1: Tension/ compression testing machines Verification and calibration of the force
24、-measuring system. EN ISO 9513, Metallic materials Calibration of extensometers used in uniaxial testing. EN 4258, Aerospace series Metallic materials General organization of standardization Links between types of EN standards and their use. EN 4259, Aerospace series Metallic materials Definition of
25、 general terms. 1)ASTM E-1012, Standard practice for verification of specimen alignment under tensile loading. 2) 3 Terms, definitions and symbols For the purposes of this standard, the terms, definitions and symbols given in EN 4259 and the following given in Table 1 apply. 1) Published as AECMA Pr
26、estandard at the date of publication of this standard. 2) This standard is published by: American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, USA. EN 2002-1:20055 Table 1 Terms, definitions and symbols Symbol Unit Term Definition Test piece The
27、portion of the test sample on which the tensile test is carried out Proportional test pieces A test piece with an original gauge length (L0) having a specified relationship to the square root of the cross-sectional area (S0). The proportionality coefficient, K, has the internationally recognized val
28、ue of 5,65 for test pieces of circular cross-section. The gauge length of a proportional test piece is therefore equal to 5,650S . Certain material standards use proportional test pieces with other than the 5,65 proportionality coefficient. In this case, see Axfor the percentage elongation symbol us
29、ed. Non-proportional test piece A test piece where the original gauge length is independent of the cross-sectional area mm Extension The increase of the extensometer gauge length (Le) at any moment during the test MPa Limit of proportionality The stress at which the stress-strain (or force-extension
30、) relationship deviates from a straight line A % Percentage elongation (proportional test piece) NOTE For non-standard proportional test piece, see Ax.Elongation after fracture expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length (L0) for a proportional test piece with an original gauge length of
31、L0 = 5,650S . A = 00uLLL 100 AL0% Percentage elongation (non-proportional test piece) Elongation after fracture expressed as a percentage of the original gauge length (L0) for a non-proportional test piece with an original gauge length of L0. For a non-proportional test piece, the original gauge len
32、gth is given in millimetres, e.g. A50mm. AL0= 00uLLL 100Ax% Percentage elongation (non standard proportional test piece) Elongation after fracture expressed as a percentage of original gauge length (L0) for a non-standard proportional test piece with an original gauge length of L0= x (e.g.: A4D) A n
33、on-standard proportional test piece is one in which the proportionality coefficient has a value other than 5,65. In the example above the gauge length is four times the diameter, equivalent to a proportionality coefficient of 4,51. a mm Test piece thickness Thickness of a test piece of rectangular c
34、ross-section or wall thickness of a tube b mm Test piece width Width of test pieces of rectangular cross-section, average width of the longitudinal strip taken from a tube or width of a flat wire D mm Tube external diameter External diameter of a tube d mm Test piece diameter Diameter of the paralle
35、l length of a circular test piece or diameter of round wire or internal diameter of a tube continued EN 2002-1:20056 Table 1 Terms, definitions and symbols (concluded) Symbol Unit Term Definition E GPa Youngs modulus of elasticity The value of the increment in stress divided by the corresponding inc
36、rement in strain for the straight portion of the stress-strain (or force-extension) diagram FmN Maximum force The greatest force which the test piece withstands during the test L mm Gauge length The length of the cylindrical or prismatic portion of the test piece on which elongation is measured Lcmm
37、 Parallel length The length of the reduced section of the parallel portion of the test piece. The concept of parallel length is replaced by the concept of distance between grips for non-machined test pieces. Lemm Extensometer gauge length The length of the parallel portion of the test piece used for
38、 the measurement of extension by means of an extensometer at any moment during the test. This length may differ from L0but can be of any value greater than b, d or D (see above) but shall be less than the parallel length (Lc). It is recommended that the extensometer gauge length is as large as possi
39、ble. L0mm Original gauge length The gauge length before the application of force Ltmm Test piece length Total length of test piece Lumm Final gauge length The gauge length after fracture of the test piece Lu-L0mm Elongation Elongation after fracture. The permanent increase in the original gauge leng
40、th (L0) after fracture. RmMPa Tensile strength The maximum force (Fm) divided by the original cross-sectional area (S0) of the test piece RpMPa Proof stress The stress at which a non-proportional extension is equal to a specified percentage of the extensometer gauge length (Le) (see Figure 1). The s
41、ymbol used is followed by a suffix giving the prescribed percentage of the original gauge length for example: Rp0,2r mm Test piece transition radius Radius at ends of parallel length S0mm2Original cross-sectional area Original cross-sectional area of the parallel length Summ2Minimum cross-sectional
42、area Minimum cross-sectional area of test piece after fracture Z % Percentage reduction of area after fracture The maximum decrease of the cross-sectional area (S0 Su) expressed as a percentage of the original cross-sectional area (S0) i.e Z = 00 uSSS 100 Strain The extension of any moment during th
43、e test divided by the original gauge length (L0) of the test piece MPa Stress The force at any moment during the test divided by the original cross-section area (S0) of the test piece C Specified temperature The temperature at which the test is to be carried out EN 2002-1:20057 4 Health and safety R
44、esources, test pieces, test samples, test materials, test equipment and test procedures shall comply with the current health and safety regulations/laws of the countries where the test is to be carried out. Where materials and/or reagents that may be hazardous to health are specified, appropriate pr
45、ecautions in conformity with local regulations and/or laws shall be taken. 5 Principle The test involves straining a test piece by a tensile force at ambient temperature to fracture for the purpose of determining one or more of, Youngs modulus of elasticity, proof stress, tensile strength, elongatio
46、n, reduction of area. 6 Testing requirements 6.1 Resources 6.1.1 Equipment/plant 6.1.1.1 Testing machine Testing machine accuracy shall be verified at intervals not exceeding 12 months in accordance with EN ISO 7500-1 and shall be certified to class 1 or better. Its design shall permit automatic loa
47、ding alignment. The loading system alignment shall be checked at least annually with a strain-gauged test piece. The difference between the recorded maximum and minimum strains shall not exceed 10 % of the mean strain at an appropriate verification force relative to the forces expected during a subs
48、equent series of tests. Reference may be made to ASTM E1012 for a verification method. It may be computer controlled and capable of automatic calculation and recording of Youngs modulus of elasticity, proof stress, tensile strength and elongation. 6.1.1.2 Extensometer The extensometer accuracy shall
49、 be verified at intervals not exceeding 12 months in accordance with EN ISO 9513 and shall be certified for determination of: Youngs modulus of elasticity to class 0,5 or better and a type that is capable of measuring extension on both sides of a test piece and allows readings to be averaged is preferred. Proof stress to class 1 or better. 6.1.1.3 Grips Grips shall consist of screwed holders, shouldered holders, wedge pieces, pin grips or other means such
