1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 6032:2015Aerospace series Fibrereinforced plastics Testmethod Determinationof the glass transitiontemperaturesBS EN 6032:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 6032:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was ent
2、rusted to TechnicalCommittee ACE/65, Non-metallic materials for aerospace purposes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its co
3、rrectapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 82984 0ICS 49.025.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strate
4、gy Committee on 30 November 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS EN 6032:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 6032 November 2015 ICS 49.025.40 English Version Aerospace series - Fibre reinforced plastics - Test method -Determination of
5、 the glass transition temperatures Srie arospatiale - Matires plastiques renforces de fibres - Mthode dessai - Dtermination de la temprature de transition vitreuse Luft- und Raumfahrt - Faserverstrkte Kunststoffe - Prfverfahren - Bestimmung der Glasbergangstemperatur This European Standard was appro
6、ved by CEN on 10 August 2013. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national
7、standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language a
8、nd notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hung
9、ary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENE
10、LEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 6032:2015 EBS EN 6032:2015EN 6032:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Ter
11、ms and definitions . 4 4 Principle of the method 5 5 Designation of the method . 5 6 Apparatus . 6 7 Test specimen . 6 8 Procedure. 7 9 Presentation of the results 7 10 Test report . 8 Annex A (informative) Equipment . 11 BS EN 6032:2015EN 6032:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 6032:201
12、5) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe - Standardization (ASD-STAN). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of t
13、he member countries of ASD, prior to its presentation to CEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2
14、016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organiz
15、ations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Ma
16、lta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 6032:2015EN 6032:2015 (E) 4 1 Scope This standard specifies a method to determine the apparent glass transition temperatures of non-metallic materials. This stand
17、ard is applicable to unidirectional tape and woven fabric reinforced plastic or plastic materials like adhesive or neat resin for comparison of the influence on the glass transition temperature resulting from processing-parameters of non-metallic parts, for compatibility tests for checking co-curing
18、 effects of different prepreg types or with adhesive. This standard does not give any directions necessary to meet health and safety requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate health and safety precautions. 2 Normative references The foll
19、owing documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies EN 2374, Aerospa
20、ce series Glass fibre reinforced mouldings and sandwich composites Production of test panels EN 2565, Aerospace series Preparation of carbon fibre reinforced resin panels for test purposes 1)EN 2743, Aerospace series Fibre reinforced plastics Standard procedures for conditioning prior to testing una
21、ged materials EN 2823, Aerospace series Fibre reinforced plastics Test method for the determination of the effect of exposure to humid atmosphere on physical and mechanical characteristics 1)3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 gla
22、ss transition temperature (Tg) the glass transition temperature is defined for this standard as the temperature where the sample exhibits a dramatic change in mechanical and damping behaviour with increasing temperature when subjected to an oscillating displacement Note 1 to entry: The Tg values are
23、 determined by measuring sample stiffness (storage modulus and damping (loss modulus/tan ) with increasing temperature using a recommended Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) instrument and evaluating the plots against temperature (see Figure 1). 3.1.1 Tg-onset the Tg-onset is defined as the temperatu
24、re intersection of extrapolated tangents drawn from points on the storage modulus curve before and after the onset of the glass transition event 1) Published as ASD-STAN Prestandard at the date of publication of this standard. http:/www.asd-stan.org/ BS EN 6032:2015EN 6032:2015 (E) 5 3.1.2 Tg-loss t
25、he Tg-Ioss is defined as the temperature where the diagram loss modulus versus temperature has its maximum 3.1.3 Tg-peak the Tg-peak is defined as the temperature where the diagram tan (damping) versus temperature has its maximum 3.2 slope angle is the angle of the slope of the storage modulus repre
26、sented by tangent A (see Figure 1) 4 Principle of the method Using specially designed equipment of the DMA type the storage modulus, loss modulus and the tan delta (damping) of a flat plastic sample is automatically measured and plotted while the temperature of the specimen is raised, at a defined h
27、eating rate. Plots of moduli against temperature are evaluated according to the prescribed procedures to determine Tg-onset, Tg-Ioss and Tg-peak which give an indication of the maximum service temperature of the material tested. The slope angle of the storage modulus estimates the drop of mechanical
28、 properties due to temperature effects. 4.1 Method A The equipment is set to fixed frequency mode at 1 Hz. 4.2 Method B The equipment is set to resonant frequency mode, initial frequency shall be 20 Hz - 50 Hz. 4.3 Method C Freely damped torsion pendulum. 5 Designation of the method The designation
29、of the method used shall be drawn up according to the following example: Description block Non-metallic materials Glass transition temperature (Tg) Identity block EN6032 A Number of this standard Method (see 4.1 and 4.3) NOTE If necessary, the code I9005 may be placed between the description block a
30、nd the identity block. BS EN 6032:2015EN 6032:2015 (E) 6 It should be stated that moduli measured by this method shall not be used for design purposes. The results obtained by this method vary due to the equipment used. For comparing results the involved parties shall agree on the equipment used, co
31、rrelation factors to compare results of different equipment and the specific material requirements. A list of recommended equipment is given in Annex A of this standard. When this method is involved in a material specification, with material requirements the relevant test equipment according to Anne
32、x A shall be stated. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Equipment of the dynamic mechanical analysis type with bending and/or torsional/shear loading of the specimen, capable of testing and recording frequency, storage modulus, loss modulus, tan delta and temperature in the ranges used. Recommended instruments are giv
33、en in Annex A of this standard. 6.2 Micrometer with 6 mm fiat faces and accurate to the nearest 0,01 mm. 6.3 Vernier caliper accurate to the nearest 0,1 mm. 7 Test specimen 7.1 Test specimen description The test specimen can consist of either unidirectional tape, woven fabric or adhesive/neat resin.
34、 The fibre orientation is 0 for tape and warp for fabric. Dimensions : Width and length of the specimen shall be chosen in accordance with the requirements of the test equipment used. Thickness : (2 0,2) mm (if not otherwise specified) or the nearest ply if fabric material is used. 7.2 Test specimen
35、 preparation The specimens are cut out of plates. The coefficient of variation in thickness measurements shall be 2 % per plate. Where relevant the reinforced plates shall be manufactured in accordance with EN 2565 (CFRP) or EN 2374 (GFRP). The process parameters shall be in accordance with the appl
36、icable technical specification. Precautions shall be taken to avoid notches, undercuts, rough or eneven surfaces after machining. 7.3 Number of test specimens Three specimens shall be tested per test condition, except when otherwise specified in the applicable technical specification. If tests are c
37、arried out after ageing or at a temperature different from room temperature, care should be taken to ensure that room temperature/dry reference specimens which have been machined from the same plate as the specimen under investigation are also tested. BS EN 6032:2015EN 6032:2015 (E) 7 7.4 Ageing of
38、specimen ln case of tests after exposure to humid atmosphere, the conditioning shall be according to EN 2823. 8 Procedure 8.1 Conditioning Prior to test cured specimens shall be stored at (23 2) C and (50 5) % relative humidity in accordance with EN 2743. Aged specimens shall be tested directly afte
39、r the ageing procedure (a maximum delay of 8 h at (23 2) C is allowed). 8.2 Determination of dimensions Before ageing and mechanical testing measure and record the thickness and width at 3 points in the non-gripping area of the specimen. Use for the thickness the micrometer (see 6.2) and for the wid
40、th the vernier caliper (see 6.3) or the micrometer (see 6.2). 8.3 Calibration The equipment shall be calibrated according to the manufacturers instructions. The temperature calibration shall be carried out using Tg-Ioss peaks of agreed grades of: Polycarbonate : Tg-Ioss, (153 1) C. Polyethersulphone
41、 : Tg-Ioss, (221 1) C. 8.4 Testing The relevant test parameters shall be used: Temperature : Room temperature to, at least, 20 C higher than point L or M, see Figure 1. Heating rate : (5 0,2) C/min (3 C/min optional). Specimen dimensions : Actual. Clamp the specimen firmly in the sample holder of th
42、e equipment used according to the manufacturers instructions. Perform the test according to the manufacturers instructions. 9 Presentation of the results 9.1 Diagram The test results shall be plotted in a diagram according to Figure 1, showing storage modulus, loss modulus and tan delta (optional) v
43、ersus temperature. BS EN 6032:2015EN 6032:2015 (E) 8 9.2 Determination of Tg-onset The Tg-onset shall be determined by introducing two tangents into the diagram of the storage modulus curve, see Figure 1. The first one (tangent A) representing the linear area of the curve from the start temperature
44、up to the beginning of the dramatic slope of the curve. The second one (tangent B) shall be the tangent left of the point of inflection (= tg-Ioss) on the decreasing part of the curve (see typical diagram Figure 1). Both tangents shall be extended to intersect in point C. The temperature related to
45、point C shall be the Tg-onset. 9.3 Determination of Tg-loss Tg-Ioss is the temperature which corresponds to the maximum of the loss modulus curve (point L in Figure 1) 9.4 Determination of Tg-peak (optional) Tg-peak is the temperature which corresponds to the maximum tan- (point M in Figure 1). 9.5
46、Determination of the slope angle (optional) Evaluate the slope of the storage modulus curve which is represented by tangent A according to 9.2 (see Figure 1). Determine by the given formula: ET=rc tana9.6 Quantitative check Tg results should be within 2,0 C of their mean. If greater, the results sho
47、uld be scrutinized to see if they are acceptable. 10 Test report The test report shall refer to this standard and include the following: 10.1 Complete identification of the material tested, including at least material designation, supplier, batch number, roll number, fibre areal weight, filament cou
48、nt, processing details, stacking sequence, test orientation. 10.2 All details regarding specimen preparation including cure parameters. 10.3 The measured specimen dimensions. 10.4 Ageing and/or exposure condition prior to the test. BS EN 6032:2015EN 6032:2015 (E) 9 10.5 Date of test, facility and id
49、entification of individuals performing the tests. 10.6 Equipment, method and test parameters used including: Displacement amplitude, strain frequency, strain rate. 10.7 Plot of storage modulus, loss modulus and tan delta (optional) versus temperature, the tangents A and B and the points C, L and M according to Figure 1. 10.8 Individual test results of Tg-onset, Tg-Ioss, Tg-peak (optional) and (optional). 10.9 Any incident which may have affected the results and any deviation from this standa
