1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 6037:2015Aerospace series Fibrereinforced plastics Testmethod Determination ofbearing strengthBS EN 6037:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 6037:2015.BSI, a member of CEN, is obliged to publish EN 6037 as a Britis
2、hStandard. However, attention is drawn to the fact that during thedevelopment of this European Standard, the UK committee votedagainst its approval as a European Standard.This standard is based on the same technical content and wording asthe original EN draft issued in 1995. The draft was never deve
3、lopedinto a formal EN standard. The UK committee are of the opinionthat further clarification may be needed in some sections.The biggest technical update is the addition of a modification tothe type 1 test as specified in the standard. The modification allowstorque to be applied to the bolt under te
4、st. The current two testtypes in the standard are known as pin bearing with a clearancebetween specimen and grip and bolt bearing with an appliedtorque.Furthermore, if a torque is applied, the UK committee recommendsthe use of in-built bushes (washers) which are twice the size of thebolt and that th
5、e bolt should be torqued finger-tight, e.g. 1.3 Nm.The UK committee wish to point out that any deviations to thisstandard need to be agreed between the test house and thecustomer and that this should be detailed as agreed betweenparties. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Techn
6、icalCommittee ACE/65, Non-metallic materials for aerospace purposes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplicatio
7、n. The British Standards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 86341 7ICS 49.025.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on
8、 30 November 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 6037:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 6037 November 2015 ICS 49.025.40 English Version Aerospace series - Fibre reinforced plastics - Test method -Determination of bearing strength Srie ar
9、ospatiale - Matires plastiques renforces de fibres - Mthode dessai - Dtermination de la rsistance au matage Luft- und Raumfahrt - Faserverstarkte Kunststoffe - Prufverfahren - Bestimmung der Lochleibungsfestigkeit This European Standard was approved by CEN on 28 June 2014. CEN members are bound to c
10、omply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENE
11、LEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the
12、 same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo
13、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels
14、2015 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 6037:2015 EBS EN 6037:2015EN 6037:2015 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 3 1 Scope 4 2 Normative references 4 3 Terms and definitions . 4 4 Principle of the method 5 5 Desi
15、gnation of the method . 5 6 Apparatus . 5 7 Test specimen . 5 8 Procedure. 6 9 Presentation of the results 7 10 Test report . 8 BS EN 6037:2015EN 6037:2015 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN 6037:2015) has been prepared by the Aerospace and Defence Industries Association of Europe - Standardi
16、zation (ASD-STAN). After enquiries and votes carried out in accordance with the rules of this Association, this Standard has received the approval of the National Associations and the Official Services of the member countries of ASD, prior to its presentation to CEN. This European Standard shall be
17、given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2016. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be t
18、he subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belg
19、ium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switze
20、rland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 6037:2015EN 6037:2015 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard defines the procedure to be used to determine the bearing strength of fibre composites with multidirectional reinforcement. This standard is applicable to composite laminates manufactured from unid
21、irectional tape or woven fabric reinforcement. This standard does not give any directions necessary to meet health and safety requirements. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate health and safety precautions. 2 Normative references The following d
22、ocuments, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 2374, Aerospace ser
23、ies Glass fibre reinforced mouldings and sandwich composites Production of test panels EN 2565, Aerospace series Preparation of carbon fibre reinforced resin panels for test purposes 1)EN 2743, Aerospace series Fibre reinforced plastics Standard procedures for conditioning prior to testing unaged ma
24、terials EN 2823, Aerospace series Fibre reinforced plastics Test method for the determination of the effect of exposure to humid atmosphere on physical and mechanical characteristics 1)3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 bearing s
25、tress at a given moment during the test load experienced by the test specimen at a particular moment divided by the nominal bolt-diameter and the specimen thickness 3.2 yield bearing strength bearing stress which results in a 0,02 times the diameter permanent set of the joint 3.3 ultimate bearing st
26、rength bearing stress at the maximum load during the test (see Figure 1) 1) Published as ASD-STAN Prestandard at the date of publication of this standard. http:/www.asd-stan.org/ BS EN 6037:2015EN 6037:2015 (E) 5 4 Principle of the method A tensile test is carried out on a flat laminate containing a
27、 hole; the load is applied by a bolt passing through the hole. A large specimen width is chosen, so that bearing failure occurs. The yield and ultimate bearing strengths are determined. 5 Designation of the method The designation of the used method shall be drawn up according to the following exampl
28、e: Description block Fibre reinforced plastics Determination of bearing strength Identity block EN6037A1 Number of this standard Laminate configuration (see Figure 8) Specimen type (see Figure 8) NOTE If necessary, the code I9005 shall be placed between the description block and the identity block.
29、6 Apparatus 6.1 Tensile testing machine, calibrated to maintain a load and displacement accuracy in tension within 1 %. There shall be the capability to record load-elongation diagrams. 6.2 A chamber adapted to the machine to carry out tests at a specified temperature. The chamber temperature shall
30、be controlled to within 3 C. 6.3 A timer. 6.4 A thermocouple with recorder if tests at temperatures other than ambient are required. 6.5 A flat-anvil micrometer with 6 mm diameter faces, accurate to within 0,01 mm. 6.6 An extensometer (gauge length of 50 mm recommended) or other equivalent strain me
31、asuring device to record elongations in terms of the applied load, accurate to within 1 % in the load range used. 7 Test specimen 7.1 Test specimen preparation Prepare the required laminates according to EN 2565 method B for carbon and according to EN 2374 method B for glass, and the specimens accor
32、ding to Figure 8. BS EN 6037:2015EN 6037:2015 (E) 6 7.2 Tabs Specimens type B without tabs. Specimens type A are with or without tabs. However, if tabs are used they shall be strain compatible with the composite being tested. They shall have the dimensions of the gripping area given in Figure 8. The
33、y shall be bonded on both specimen faces with an adhesive system that will meet the temperature and ageing requirements. Care should be taken that the adhesive bonding temperature does not add any undesired post cure effect to the laminate. 7.3 Number of test specimen Six specimens shall be tested p
34、er test condition, except when otherwise specified by the Technical Specification. If tests are carried out after ageing or at a temperature other than room temperature, care should be taken that room temperature/as received reference specimens according to EN 2743 taken from the same laminated plat
35、e are also tested. 7.4 Ageing of specimen In case of tests after exposure to humid atmosphere, the conditioning shall be according to EN 2823. 8 Procedure 8.1 Conditioning If not otherwise defined by the specification invoking the test, specimens to be tested dry on in the as cured state, should fir
36、st be conditioned at (23 2) C, (50 5) % RH in accordance with EN 2743, same requirements to be applied to perform room temperature testing. Aged specimens shall be tested directly after ageing procedure (a maximum storage of 8 h at (23 2) C is allowed before testing). 8.2 Determination of specimen d
37、imensions After machining, measure on each test specimen: width, hole diameter and thickness using the micrometer of 6.5. Thickness shall be the mean value obtained from three measurement points. The thickness measurement points shall be selected to be as representative as possible for the neighbour
38、hood of the hole. 8.3 Testing Make any adjustments required for correct operation of the machine (calibration, etc.) (see 6.1). Place the specimen in the jaws, ensuring that it is perfectly aligned and centered on the machine axis. Take extreme care with this operation since it affects the results a
39、nd the scatter. NOTE 1 The self-clamping jaws (for type 1 specimen Figure 9) or the clamping strips (for type 2 specimen Figure 10) shall fully cover the tabs or strips and protude by at least 7 mm. NOTE 2 Pay attention to the 0,2 mm total clearance between specimen and clamping plates, i.e. about 0
40、,1 mm both sides. Select the appropriate load cell such that failure will occur between 20 % and 80 % of full scale. BS EN 6037:2015EN 6037:2015 (E) 7 Select the cross head speed at 1 mm/min. Load the specimen to the estimated yield load (to be determined from the material specification) and then un
41、load it to a value of about 10 % to 20 % of this estimated yield load. Then the specimen has to be reloaded until failure occurs. This test sequence is shown schematically in Figure 1. Record the load elongation diagram (see 6.6). Record the failure load. 8.4 Elevated and sub-zero temperature test M
42、ake aIl adjustments required to ensure correct operation of the machine (see 6.1). Set the chamber (see 6.2) to a temperature which does not differ from the test temperature by more than 10 C. Wait at least 20 min for the chamber temperature to stabilize. Place test piece in the jaws, ensuring that
43、it is perfectly aligned as indicated in 8.2. Next set the chamber (see 6.2) to the required temperature (determined during preliminary tests) and wait for the test piece to stabilize at the required temperature 3 C for 5 min. A thermocouple (see 6.4) shall be mounted on the test piece and the temper
44、ature recorded. The above time for aged specimen is 1 min (see 6.3). Follow the same procedure as for the test at ambient temperature (see 8.2). 9 Presentation of the results 9.1 Bearing strengths The yield bearing strength (py) and the ultimate bearing strength (pu) are determined as follows: For u
45、nnotched specimens Ppdt=yyPpdt=uuwhere pyis the yield bearing strength, in N/mm2puis the ultimate bearing strength, in N/mm2Pyis the load at 2 % permanent hole deformation, in N Puis the failure load, in N d is the nominal pin diameter: 6,35 mm t is the measured laminate thickness (see 8.1), in mm N
46、OTE 1 The above formula can be used only in case of bearing failure (see 9.2). NOTE 2 Some examples are shown in Figure 2 (taken from Mll-HDBK5) how to derive a secondary modulus for the Py-determination as well as some examples of load displacement curves which are unacceptable for analysis. BS EN
47、6037:2015EN 6037:2015 (E) 8 9.2 Types of failure To determine types of failure refer to Figures 3 to 7. 10 Test report The test report shall refer to this standard and shall include the following. 10.1 Complete identification of the material tested, including at least type, source, manufacturers cod
48、e number, form, fibre areal mass, filament count, processing details, stacking sequence, test orientation. 10.2 All details about specimen preparation (including when applicable: tab material, tab adhesive and curing condition of this adhesive). 10.3 The measured specimen dimensions. 10.4 Ageing and
49、/or exposure conditions prior to the test. 10.5 Date of test, facility and identification of individuals performing the tests. 10.6 Equipment, method and test parameters used. 10.7 Individual values, arithmetic mean and standard deviations per group of specimens of yield and ultimate bearing strengths, including relevant load-elongation curves. 10.8 Failure type per specimen (see Figures 3 to 7). 10.9 Any incident which may have affected the results and any deviation from this standard. BS EN 6037:2015EN 6037:2015 (E) 9 Key 1 Secondar
