1、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12575:1998 The Euro
2、pean Standard EN 12575:1998 has the status of a British Standard ICS 83.080.10; 83.120 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW Plastics Thermoset moulding compounds Determination of the degree of fibre wet out in SMCThis British Standard, having been prepared under the
3、 direction of the Sector Board for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Board and comes into effect on 15 November 1998 BSI 1998 ISBN 0 580 30020 X BS EN 12575:1998 Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Text affected National foreword This British S
4、tandard is the English language version of EN 12575:1998. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/42, Fibre reinforced thermosetting plastics and prepregs, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible Europ
5、ean committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cr
6、oss-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electro
7、nic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This docu
8、ment comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 5, and a back cover.CEN European Committee for Standardization Comite Europe en de Normalisation Europa isches Komitee fu r Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 36, B-1050 Brussels 1998 CEN All rights of explo
9、itation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12575:1998 E EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 12575 NORME EUROPE ENNE EUROPA ISCHE NORM May 1998 ICS 83.120; 83.140.10 Descriptors: Plastics, reinforced plastics, plastic moulding, reinforcing materials, thermosetting
10、resins, composition: property, tests, determination, rates: per unit time, wetting English version Plastics Thermoset moulding compounds Determination of the degree of fibre wet out in SMC Plastiques Compositions de moulage a base de thermodurcissables De termination du taux de mouillage des fibres
11、dans les SMC Kunststoffe Ha rtbare Formmassen Bestimmung des Faserbenetzungsgrades in SMC This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 May 1998. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of
12、 a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A versio
13、n in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France
14、, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.Page 2 EN 12575:1998 BSI 1998 Foreword This European Standard has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249, Plastics, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. T
15、his European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by November 1998, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by November 1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulation
16、s, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United
17、 Kingdom. Contents Page Foreword 2 Introduction 3 1 Scope 3 2 Normative references 3 3 Definitions 3 4 Sampling 3 5 Apparatus 3 6 Procedure 3 7 Expression of results 4 8 Test report 4 9 Precision 4Page 3 EN 12575:1998 BSI 1998 Introduction This test method provides a common basis for reinforcement m
18、anufacturers, compounders and moulders to compare data and follow the consistency of wet out. As wet out often improves during the first 24 h, samples of the same age are used for comparison purposes. In a production situation the process and formulation are assumed to be constant and are sufficient
19、 to produce a visual standard level of wet out. Any drifts in paste viscosity, reinforcement fibre content, mass per unit area, compaction structure etc. which adversely affect wet out can be identified. In a development situation the compounding process conditions need to define an acceptable wet o
20、ut of the control. Formulation or reinforcement specimens can be screened along with the control under identical process conditions. The test is carried out after compounding allowing the products under test to be judged superior or inferior to the control. 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a
21、 test method to determine the degree of wet out of the reinforcement in a sheet moulding compound (SMC). It is applicable for quality control by the user of the SMC as well as for the process control during the SMC production. 2 Normative references This European Standard incorporates by dated or un
22、dated reference, provisions from other publications. These normative references are cited at the appropriate places in the text and the publications are listed hereafter. For dated references, subsequent amendments to or revisions of any of these publications apply to this European Standard only whe
23、n incorporated in it by amendment or revision. For undated references the latest edition of the publication referred to applies. ISO 472, Plastics Vocabulary. ISO 8604, Plastics Prepregs Definitions of terms and symbols for designations. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this standard, the terms and
24、 definitions of ISO 472 and 8604 and the following definitions apply: 3.1 fibre bundle discrete collection of many parallel fibre filaments, chopped or unchopped 3.2 wet out state in which all the reinforcing bundles in the SMC sheet, not necessarily each individual filament, are wet by the paste 4
25、Sampling From each item to be controlled (one roll or a sheet of SMC), obtain a laboratory sample consisting of a strip of 40 cm minimum accross the entire width of the SMC sheet. 5 Apparatus Ruler (solvent resistant); Sampling table (approximately 100 cm3 180 cm). Solvent resistant opaque plate, wi
26、th a 10 cm3 10 cm inspection window (reading field) in its centre. Solvent resistant gloves. Magnifying glass (magnification 103). Disposable spatula (such as tongue depressors). 6 Procedure 6.1 Carry out the test immediately after compounding. This procedure can be used as a quality control test at
27、 any specified time after manufacture. 6.2 Remove the top carrier film from the sample. Use the spatula to split the SMC at different levels of the sheet. This results in a cross section of the SMC sheet in which one can observe the fibres on the top, middle and bottom of the SMC at the same time (s
28、ee Figure 1). If the degree of wet out is 100 %, the use of the inspection window is unnecessary. 6.3 If there are dry spots, take a new sample and split it across the entire width along the level containing the most dry areas as previously observed (6.2). Divide the sample into four identical strip
29、s of 10 cm length perpendicular to the machine direction and choose the strip which contains the largest dry spots (see Figure 2). 6.4 Inspect the wet out conditions by moving the inspection window in 10 cm steps from left to right. In each 10 cm square (reading field), use the ruler to measure the
30、dimensions of the dry spots to determine the surface area in square centimetres and record the readings. Summarize these readings to achieve the dry spot area of each reading field (Z i ). NOTE 1 The use of a magnifying glass when necessary, especially in the case of light colours, high filler conte
31、nt and low solubility sizing of the reinforcing fibres is recommended. NOTE 2 Pushing down on the SMC with any object (hands, spatula, knife, elbow etc.) will generally move the paste off the fibres and cause a defect. NOTE 3 Should any particular area parallel to the machine direction repeatedly ex
32、hibit a defect, the determination of the special cause of this defect allows its correction (i.e. wrinkles in film or partial blockage of the doctor blade).Page 4 EN 12575:1998 BSI 1998 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) Width Machine direction Top Middle Bottom Level of split Figure 1 1) Chosen strip Figure 2 7 Exp
33、ression of results Degree of fibre wet out is obtained by the equation: D W = 10023 100 Z i i =1 n n3A where: D W is the degree of fibre wet out in per cent; n is the number of reading fields; Z i is the total dry spot area of an individual reading field in square centimetres; A is the surface of th
34、e reading field (inspection window) in square centimetres 8 Test report The test report shall include the following details: 8.1 Reference to this European Standard. 8.2 Formulation/designation of the SMC. 8.3 Date of production, batch number. 8.4 Number of reading fields of the inspected line (spec
35、imen). 8.5 Degree of fibre wet out (D W ). 8.6 Special defect, its exact description and location, i.e. largest single dry spot of the inspected strip with the number of the respective reading field (see Figure 3). For production control purposes the following information shall be added: 8.7 Time be
36、tween production, sampling and testing. 8.8 Temperature of the production room. 8.9 Relative humidity of the production room. 9 Precision The precision of this method is not known because interlaboratory data are not available. When interlaboratory data are obtained, a precision statement will be ad
37、ded with the next revision.Page 5 EN 12575:1998 BSI 1998 1) 2) Machine direction Largest single spot Strip 2 field 4 L 2/4 Figure 3BSI 389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
38、| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | BSI British Standards Institution BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the
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