1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 12846-2:2011BS 2000-502:2011Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of efflux time by the efflux viscometerPart 2: Cut-back and fluxed bituminous bindersLicensed Copy:
2、 Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/08/2011 09:10, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 12846-2:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 12846-2:2011. It supersedes BS EN 13357:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was en
3、trusted to Technical Committee PTI/13, Petroleum Testing and Terminology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.E n e r g y I n s t i t u t e , u n d e r t h e b r a n d o f I P , p u b l i s h e s a n d s e l l s a l l P a r t s o f B S 2 0
4、 0 0 , a n d a l l B S E N p e t r o l e u m t e s t m e t h o d s t h a t w o u l d b e P a r t o f B S 2 0 0 0 , b o t h i n i t s a n n u a l p u b l i c a t i o n “ S t a n d a r d m e t h o d s f o r a n a l y s i s a n d t e s t i n g o f p e t r o l e u m a n d r e l a t e d p r o d u c t s a
5、 n d B r i t i s h S t a n d a r d 2 0 0 0 P a r t s ” a n d i n d i v i d u a l l y .F u r t h e r i n f o r m a t i o n i s a v a i l a b l e f r o m : E n e r g y I n s t i t u t e , 6 1 N e w C a v e n d i s h S t r e e t , L o n d o n W 1 G 7 A R . T e l : 0 2 0 7 4 6 7 7 1 0 0 . F a x : 0 2 0
6、7 2 5 5 1 4 7 2 .This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 64496 2 ICS 91.100.50 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Sta
7、ndard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/08/2011 09:10, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 12846-2:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD
8、NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 12846-2 March 2011 ICS 91.100.50 Supersedes EN 13357:2002English Version Bitumen and bituminous binders - Determination of efflux time by the efflux viscometer - Part 2: Cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders Bitumes et liants bitumineux - Dtermination du temps dco
9、ulement laide dun viscosimtre coulement - Partie 2: Bitumes fluidifis et fluxs Bitumen und bitumenhaltige Bindemittel - Bestimmung der Ausflusszeit mittels Ausflussviskosimeter - Teil 2: Verschnittene und gefluxte bitumenhaltige Bindemittel This European Standard was approved by CEN on 22 January 20
10、11. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained
11、on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CEN
12、ELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malt
13、a, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of explo
14、itation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 12846-2:2011: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/08/2011 09:10, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 12846-2:2011EN 12846-2:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 31 Scope 42 Normative referen
15、ces 43 Terms and definitions .44 Principle 45 Reagents and materials 56 Apparatus .57 Sampling .68 Procedure .68.1 General 68.2 Preparation of apparatus 68.3 Measurement 69 Expression of results 810 Precision .810.1 Repeatability .810.2 Reproducibility .811 Test report 8Annex A (normative) Specifica
16、tions of thermometer . 11Bibliography . 12Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/08/2011 09:10, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 12846-2:2011EN 12846-2:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 12846-2:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 336 “Bituminous binders”, the
17、secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2011. Attent
18、ion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13357:2002. This document has been prepared under a mandate give
19、n to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive 89/106/EEC. This European Standard EN 12846 consists of the following parts under the general title Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of efflux time by the effl
20、ux viscometer: Part 1: Bituminous emulsions; Part 2: Cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders. EN 12846-2 has been created as the result of the merging of EN 12846:2002 and EN 13357:2002 under a single EN 12846 reference (two different parts), since both standards describe very similar procedures with
21、 identical equipment. The two different parts have been made as consistent as possible by eliminating all existing minor differences between both methods. Compared with EN 13357:2002, test temperatures were detailed in the scope, a restriction was added in the principle, tolerances were specified or
22、 modified in the apparatus dimensions, details were added in the test procedure and measurements made and the precision data were reviewed. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard
23、: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kin
24、gdom. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/08/2011 09:10, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 12846-2:2011EN 12846-2:2011 (E) 4 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the determination of the efflux time at 25 C of petroleum cut-back and fluxed bituminous binders in s
25、econds using an efflux viscometer. Alternative test temperatures are 40 C, 50 C and 60 C. WARNING The use of this European Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This European Standard does not purport to address all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is
26、the responsibility of the user of this European Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For
27、dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 58, Bitumen and bituminous binders Sampling bituminous binders EN 12594, Bitumen and bituminous binders Preparation of test samples EN 13302,
28、 Bitumen and bituminous binders Determination of dynamic viscosity of bituminous binder using a rotating spindle apparatus EN ISO 4788, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders (ISO 4788:2005) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions ap
29、ply. 3.1 viscosity internal resistance of a fluid to flow 3.2 efflux time time needed for a specified volume of a material to flow through a specified orifice at a specified temperature NOTE The efflux time is an indirect measure for viscosity and is referred to as “pseudo-viscosity”. 4 Principle Th
30、e efflux time of a petroleum cut-back or fluxed bituminous binder is determined using an efflux viscometer known as the Standard Tar Viscometer (STV) which determines the time of efflux of a 50 ml sample through a 4 mm or a 10 mm orifice at a specified temperature. Whatever temperatures or orifice d
31、iameters used, the efflux time shall not exceed 600 s. For highly viscous cut-back or fluxed bituminous binders, EN 13302 shall be used. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/08/2011 09:10, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 12846-2:2011EN 12846-2:2011 (E) 5 5 Reagents and materials
32、 5.1 Light mineral oil. Light mineral oil having a viscosity equal or lower than 7 mm2/s at 40 C shall be used. 6 Apparatus Usual laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following: 6.1 Efflux viscometer (see an example of viscometer on Figure 1) consisting essentially of a cup with an
33、orifice in the centre of the base which may be closed by a ball-and-socket valve (see Figure 2). Two forms are required, differing only in the size of the orifice (10 mm and 4 mm). For other dimensions of the cup and the ball-valve, see Figure 3. The cup cylinder shall be made of brass. The ball val
34、ve should be made of corrosion-resistant metal, with a ball on a rod, a levelling peg attached to the rod and a hemispherical top by means of which the valve may be supported in a vertical position. The viscometer cups shall be provided with suitable corks or caps for closing the orifices with the b
35、all valve in position, and some means of covering the cups (e.g. lids) to minimize surface cooling effects. The viscometer-cup holder shall be capable of: supporting one or more cups in a vertical position; providing a valve support to hold the valve at least 16 mm vertically above the orifice of th
36、e cup during efflux of the test material. NOTE 1 To enhance resistance to wear and corrosion of the ball and socket valve, the bottom of the cup may be made from a different, corrosion resistant, material and screwed to the brass tube. It is then advised to use the same material, such as for instanc
37、e phosphor-bronze, for the cup bottom and the ball valve. Wrought nickel alloy with copper or metals NiCu30 in accordance with ISO 9722 are possible materials for the rod of the ball valve. NOTE 2 The viscometer cup should be provided with a lid suitable for closing the upper end of the cup without
38、touching the test material when the cup is filled. This lid is provided with a central hole through which the thermometer can pass and with a groove on one side through which the rod of the valve can pass. 6.2 Viscometer water-bath, constant temperature for maintaining the test temperature to within
39、 0,5 C. A typical elevation and a plan of assembled viscometer is given in Figure 1. 6.3 Temperature controlled water bath. A water bath, maintained at (25,0 0,5) C, in which one or more of the filled viscometer cups can be immersed up to the rim of the cup. NOTE 1 Alternative test temperatures are
40、(40,0 0,5) C, (50,0 0,5) C and (60,0 0,5) C (see 8.3.1, 3), 4) and 5). If a multiple-cup heating bath is used, the cups shall be separated from each other and from the walls of the bath by at least 55 mm. A suitable support shall be provided to maintain the cup(s) in a vertical position. NOTE 2 The
41、viscometer water bath (6.2) may also be used to directly condition the test sample in the cup. 6.4 Thermometers, two, conforming to the requirements described in Annex A. Other temperature measuring devices may be used instead of mercury stem thermometers. However, the mercury stem thermometer is th
42、e reference device. Therefore any alternative device employed shall be Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 04/08/2011 09:10, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 12846-2:2011EN 12846-2:2011 (E) 6 calibrated so as to provide the same readings as would be provided by the mercury stem the
43、rmometer, recognising and allowing for the fact of changed thermal response times compared with the mercury thermometer. When measuring and controlling nominally constant temperatures, as in this test method, alternative devices can indicate greater cyclic variations than mercury thermometers, to an
44、 extent depending on the cycle time of heating and the power of the controlled heat input. 6.5 Receiver, consisting of a 100 ml cylinder with graduations at 20 ml, 25 ml and 75 ml, complying with the requirements of EN ISO 4788. 6.6 Timing device, capable of measuring the efflux time with an accurac
45、y of 0,2 s. 7 Sampling The material under test shall be sampled in accordance with EN 58 and prepared in accordance with EN 12594. NOTE A viscometer cup with hot bitumen should not be plunged into cool water as this shock cooling will radically effect the viscosity result. The test shall be carried
46、out in duplicate. 8 Procedure 8.1 General Carry out the procedure in laboratory at room temperature between 18 C to 28 C 8.2 Preparation of apparatus Clean the viscometer cup (6.1) with a suitable solvent, to remove any mark of binder, and thoroughly dry it to remove all traces of solvent. If necess
47、ary, rub the interior of the cup and/or clean the orifice. Use soft tissue-paper or some similar material that will not leave particles behind or abrade the metal. When cleaning, care shall be taken not to damage the orifice. 8.3 Measurement 8.3.1 If the efflux time is unknown, measure it at 25 C wi
48、th the 10 mm orifice viscometer cup. According to the efflux time obtained, 5 main cases are possible. Choose the diameter of the orifice of the cup and the temperature of the test as follows. 1) If the efflux time is lower than 5 s, perform another determination at 25 C with 4 mm orifice. 2) If the
49、 efflux time is between 5 s and 600 s with still a continuous flow, no change in the experimental conditions (25 C with 10 mm orifice) is necessary. 3) In case of a non continuous flow or if the efflux time is greater than 600 s, perform another determination at 40 C with the 10 mm orifice. 4) In case of a non continuous flow or if the efflux time determined at 40 C is greater than 600 s, perform another determination at 50 C with the 10 mm orific
