1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 12865:2001 Hygrothermal performance of building components and building elements Determination of the resistance of external wall systems to driving rain under pulsating air pressure The European Standard EN 12865:2001 has the status of a British Standard ICS 91.120.30 NO COPY
2、ING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS EN 12865:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Sector Committee for Building and Civil Engineering, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 May 200
3、1 BSI 05-2001 ISBN 0 580 36062 8 National foreword This British Standard is the official English language version of EN 12865:2001. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee B/540, Energy performance of materials, components and buildings, to Subcommittee B/540/1,
4、European Standards for thermal insulation, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document
5、 may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of Briti
6、sh Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change,
7、and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN title page, pages 2 to 11 and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this docume
8、nt indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM EN12865 March2001 ICS91.120.30 Englishversion Hygrothermalperformanceofbuildingcomponentsandbuilding elementsDeterminationoftheresistanceofexternal
9、wall systemstodrivingrainunderpulsatingairpressure Performancehygrothermiquedescomposantsetparoisde btimentsDterminationdelarsistancelapluie battantedessystmesdemursextrieurssouspression dairpulsatoire WrmeundfeuchteschutztechnischesVerhaltensvon BauteilenBestimmungdesWiderstandesdes Auenwandsystems
10、gegenSchlagregenbeipulsierendem Luftdruck ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon29December2000. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Uptodatelistsandbibliographicalref
11、erencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownlanguageandnotifiedtotheManagemen
12、tCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EUROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COM
13、ITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2001CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.EN12865:2001EPage2 EN12865:2001 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction 3 1 Scope 4 2 Termsanddefinit
14、ions 4 3 Principle 5 4 Apparatus 5 5 Testspecimens 6 6 Procedure 7 7 Expressionofresults 8 8 Accuracy 9 9 Testreport 9 AnnexA(informative)Exampleofwatersprayingsystem 11Page3 EN12865:2001 Foreword ThisEuropeanStandardhasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC89“Thermal performanceofbuildingsandbuildi
15、ngcomponents“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbySIS. ThisEuropeanStandardshallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublication ofanidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbySeptember2001,andconflicting nationalstandardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbySeptember2001. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRe
16、gulations,thenationalstandardsorganizations ofthefollowingcountriesareboundtoimplementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium, CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy, Luxembourg,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnited Kingdom. Thisstandardison
17、eofaseriesofstandardswhichspecifytestmethodsforthethermaland moisturerelatedpropertiesofbuildings,buildingcomponents,buildingproductsandbuilding materials. AnnexAisinformative. Introduction Drivingrainisoftenthecauseofbuildingdamageduetothepenetrationofwinddrivenrain intoorthroughexternalwallelement
18、s.Theamountofdrivingrainimpingingonalocalpart ofanexternalwallsurfacedependsontherainfallandwindspeedoccurringsimultaneously, theexposureofthebuildingandthearchitectural/structuraldetailsofthesurface.National standardsdefineareaswithdifferentclassesofdrivingrainseveritywhichmaybeusedto determinethep
19、rotectionneededagainstdrivingrain. Protectioncanbeachievedbymeasuressuchas: a) architectural/structuraldesigntoreducetheamountofdrivingrain(e.g.roof overhangs); b) ventilatedorunventilatedairspacebehindcladding(anywaterpenetratingthe claddingflowsdownontheinternalfaceofthecladdingandisdrainedoutatsp
20、ecified openings;anairflowinaventilatedairspaceduetostackeffectsacceleratesthe drying); c) renderingonexternalwallsurfaceswithappropriatepropertiestoabsorborrepelthe waterduringdrivingrainandallowdryingduringthefollowingdryingperiod; d) properdetailingtopreventwateringressaroundopenings; e) providin
21、gadefinedwatertightnessofthewallelementincludingexistingjointssoas tolimitwaterpenetrationtoanacceptablelevel. Thisstandardspecifiesatestmethodtodeterminetheresistanceofwallelementstodriving rain,thusmainlycoveringmeasuree).Page4 EN12865:2001 Thespecifiedtestconditions,withpulsatingairpressurediffer
22、ence,simulateinasimplified waythedynamicnatureofrainandwindpressureagainstawall. Testmethodsforthedeterminationoftheresistancetodrivingrainunderstaticairpressure mayleadtodifferentresults. Thisstandardisintendedtobeusedbyproductspecifications,exceptwherespecificproducts havepropertieswhichmakeapplic
23、ationofthisstandarddifficult. 1S c o p e Thisstandardspecifiesageneralmethodforassessingthedrivingrainresistanceofwall systemsbydeterminingthewatertightnessofwallsystemsorpartofwallsystemsunder pulsatingairpressure. 2 Termsanddefinitions Forthepurposesofthisstandard,thefollowingtermsanddefinitionsap
24、ply. 2.1 drivingrainresistance abilityofthetestspecimentoresistwaterpenetrationundertheconditionsofthetest 2.2 waterpenetration watercontinuouslyorrepeatedlyreachingtheinsidesurfaceofthetestspecimenorpartsof thespecimennotdesignedtobewettedorwherethewaterisnotdrainedout 2.3 pulsatingairpressurediffe
25、rence airpressuredifferenceacrossthespecimenalternatingperiodicallybetweenzeroanda specifiedhigherlevel 2.4 limitofwatertightness maximumpulsatingairpressuredifference,inPa,forwhichwaterpenetrationdoesnotoccur duringthetest 2.5 waterabsorption massofabsorbedwaterperarea,inkg/mPage5 EN12865:2001 3 Pr
26、inciple Atestspecimenisfittedintothedrivingraintestapparatus,theexternalsurfaceofthetest specimenissprayedcontinuouslywithwaterataspecifiedratewhilethepulsatingair pressuredifferenceisincreasedinspecifiedsteps.Thetimeofwaterpenetration,ifany,the maximumairpressuredifferenceappliedandthelocationofany
27、penetrationsarenoted. 4 Apparatus Thedrivingraintestapparatusshallinclude: a)chamberwithanadjustableopeningtowhichthetestspecimenisfitted; b)meansofprovidingacontrolleddifferentialairpressureacrossthetestspecimenwitha controluncertaintyof5%; NOTE1Thecontrolshouldbeabletokeepthepulsatingpressurediffe
28、rencewithinthe abovementionedaccuracyevenwhentheairpermeabilityvariesduringthetestdueto thewaterfilmonthesurfaceandthewaterabsorbedbythetestspecimen. c)deviceabletoapplyrapidcontrolledchangesofthedifferentialairpressureoperating betweendefinedlimits(seeclause6.2andFigure1forthesequenceofatypicalpres
29、sure pulse); d)sprayingsystemapplyingacontinuousfilmofwateralloverthesurfaceofthetest specimen; Theappliedamountofwaterconsistsoftwoparts: runoffwater,1,2l/(mmin),evenlydistributedatthetopofthetestspecimen; drivingrain,1,5l/(m 2 min),evenlydistributedovertheexternalsurfaceofthetest specimen. NOTE2As
30、prayingdevice,usuallycalibratedinlitresperminute,whichcomplieswith thisrequirementisshowninannexA. Thedistributionofdrivingraincanbecontrolledusingdrivingraingaugesmountedona panel.Theheightandwidthofthegaugesshallnotexceed200mm.Thedeviationfrom nominalvaluesshallnotexceed0,3l/(mmin)forrunoffwateran
31、d0,5l/(mmin)for drivingrain. e)devicestomeasuretheamountofsuppliedwatertoanaccuracyof10%; f)meansofmeasuringthedifferentialairpressurebetweenthetwofacesofthetestspecimen toanaccuracyof5%; g)asupplyofwaterwhichiscleanenoughtoensurethatallnozzlesspraycorrectly;Page6 EN12865:2001 NOTE3Itmaybenecessaryt
32、ousedemineralizedordeionisedwatertoprevent cloggingofnozzles. h)scaleoranyweighingdeviceabletodeterminethemassofthetestspecimentoanaccuracy ofatleast0,1%. 5 Testspecimens 5.1Dimensionsofthetestspecimen Thedimensionsofthetestspecimenshallbeasspecifiedbytherelevantproduct specification.Intheabsenceofs
33、uchaspecification,thedimensionsofthetestspecimensshall beaslargeasnecessarytoberepresentativeoftheintendeduse,butnotlessthan: width 1200mm height 2400mm Thejointsofmodulesinthetestspecimenshallberepresentative,e.g.thesamelengthper squaremetreasinreality. 5.2Numberoftestspecimens Thenumberoftestspeci
34、mensshallbeasrequiredbytherelevantproductspecificationor,in itsabsence,asagreedbetweentheparties. NOTENormallyonetestspecimenissufficient. 5.3Preparationofthetestspecimen Thetestspecimenshallberepresentativeoftheintendeduseandconstructedaccordingtothe clientsspecification.Thetestspecimenmaybebuiltin
35、aframe,whichdoesnotabsorbwater, tofacilitatetransportandfittingtotheopeningofthedrivingraintestapparatus.Thejoint betweentestspecimenandframeshallbesealed,butinawaynotpreventingthefreedrainage ofwater. Ifaframeisused,itshallbesufficienttowithstandthepressuresappliedduringthetest withoutdeflectingtoa
36、nextenttoinfluencethetestresults.Theframeshallbepreparedand installedsothatanywaterpenetrationshallbereadilydetectable. Thetestspecimenshallbefixedplumb,level,squareandwithoutvisibletwistsorbends inducedbythefixing. 5.4Conditioningofthetestspecimen Conditioning,includingdrying,curingetc.ofthespecime
37、nshallbeaccordingtotherelevant productspecificationor,initsabsence,asagreedbetweentheparties.Page7 EN12865:2001 6 Procedure 6.1Testconditions Thetestshallbecarriedoutatatemperatureof(235)C. 6.2Testprocedure Fitthetestspecimentotheopeningoftheapparatus.Spraywateronthespecimenatthe specifiedrateand,af
38、teraninitialperiodwithnopressuredifference,applythepulsatingair pressuredifferencestepsandthetimeintervalsaccordingtoTable1.Eachpressurepulse consistsoffourstages:arisingpressurestageof(31)s,amaximumpressurestageof (51)s,afallingpressurestageof(21)sandazeropressurestageof(51)s.Thetotal durationofapu
39、lseshallbe(152)s.ThetestprocedureisshownalsographicallyinFigure 1.Twotestproceduresaredefined,procedureAforqualitativeshorttimetestingand procedureBforquantitativetestingwherewaterabsorbedbythetestspecimenorpenetrating thetestspecimenduringthetesthastobedetermined. Table1 Testprocedures ProcedureA P
40、rocedureB Pressure difference Pa Timeinterval min Totaltimeat endofsteps min Timeinterval min Totaltimeat endofsteps min 02 02 06 06 0 0to150 10 30 60 120 0to300 10 40 60 180 0to450 10 50 60 240 0to600 10 60 60 300 600+i150 i=1,2,3,n 10 60+i10 60 300+i60 Recordthetemperatureofthesprayingwaterbeforea
41、ndafterthetest,theairtemperatureand therelativehumidityofthelaboratoryduringthetest. Observethesurfaceofthetestspecimenandnotethetime,themaximumairpressure differencewhenwaterpenetrationoccursandthelocationofthepenetrationareas. Stopthetestwhenwaterpenetrationoccurs.NotethelimitofwatertightnessinPas
42、cals. Ifrequiredthewaterabsorbedbythetestspecimenduringthetestshallbedeterminedby weighingthetestspecimenbeforeandaftertheexposuretodrivingrain.Themassofthetest specimenafterthetestshallbedeterminedafterthetestspecimenhas“drained“foraperiod of(102)minatnormallaboratoryconditions.Page8 EN12865:2001 K
43、ey 1 Airpressure,inPa 2 Time,inminutes 3M a x i m u m 4 Typicalpulse 5 ProcedureA 6 ProcedureB Figure1 Schematictestprocedure 7 Expressionofresults ThetestresultisthelimitofwatertightnessexpressedinPascals.Ifmorethanonetesthas beenmade,theresultisthelowestlimitofwatertightness.Itshallbeexpressedas x A or x B where xistheairpressuredifferenceinPascals(e.g.300 A ). NOTEIfrequired,thewaterabsorptioncanbecalculatedusingequation(1). w A=(m 1 m 0 )/A (1) where w A isthemassofabsorbedwaterperarea,inkg/m; m 0 istheinit
