1、BSI Standards Publication GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground Part 3: Design and workmanship BS EN 13121-3:2016National foreword This British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 13121-3:2016. It supersedes BS 4994:1987 and BS EN 13121-3:2008+A1:2010 which are withdrawn. The UK participati
2、on in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/5, UK steering committee for CEN/TC 210 GRP tanks. A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract
3、. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016 ISBN 978 0 580 86096 6 ICS 23.020.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was published under the au
4、thority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2016. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publication Date Text affected BRITISH STANDARD BS EN 13121-3:2016 EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 13121-3 April 2016 ICS 23.020.10 Supersedes EN 13121-3:2008+A1:2010 Engl
5、ish Version GRP tanks and vessels for use above ground - Part 3: Design and workmanship Rservoirs et rcipients en PRV pour applications hors sol - Partie 3 : Conception et fabrication Oberirdische GFK-Tanks und -Behlter - Teil 3: Auslegung und Herstellung This European Standard was approved by CEN o
6、n 10 January 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards m
7、ay be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified
8、 to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Icelan
9、d, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Managem
10、ent Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 13121-3:2016 E BS EN 13121-3:2016EN 13121-3:2016 (E) 2 Contents Page European foreword . 8 Introduction . 9 1 Scope . 10 2 Normative
11、 references . 10 3 Terms and definitions . 12 4 Symbols and abbreviations . 13 5 Information and requirements to be supplied and documented 16 5.1 General . 16 5.2 Information to be obtained by the manufacturer . 16 5.3 Information to be prepared by the manufacturer 17 5.4 Final documentation . 18 6
12、 Material 18 6.1 General . 18 6.2 Chemical protective barrier . 18 6.2.1 General . 18 6.2.2 Thermoplastics linings . 18 6.2.3 Resin based linings 18 6.3 Flammability 18 6.4 Electrical resistivity . 19 7 Mechanical properties 19 7.1 General . 19 7.2 Heat deflection temperature 19 7.3 Laminate constru
13、ction 19 7.4 Laminate thickness 21 7.5 Laminate properties 21 7.6 Inter-laminar shear strength . 21 7.6.1 Laminate 21 7.6.2 Thermoplastics linings . 21 7.7 Peel strength of laminates . 22 7.8 Pull-off strength of laminates and thermoplastic liner 22 7.9 Selection of physical properties of materials
14、and allowable design factors . 22 7.9.1 General . 22 7.9.2 Basic design 22 7.9.3 Advanced design . 23 7.9.4 Design factors 24 7.9.5 Overall design factors K and F 24 8 Determination of design strain and loadings . 27 8.1 General . 27 8.2 Limit design strains . 28 8.2.1 General . 28 8.2.2 Limit resin
15、 strain ar 28 8.2.3 Limit strain for laminate or lamina lim . 28 8.2.4 Limit test strain test . 29 8.3 Limit design laminate loadings . 29 8.4 Determination of the mechanical values from laminates 29 BS EN 13121-3:2016EN 13121-3:2016 (E) 3 8.4.1 General . 29 8.4.2 Calculation of laminate values with
16、out experimental test data 29 8.4.3 Laminate with experimental data 30 8.5 Laminate thickness 30 9 Design . 30 9.1 Introduction 30 9.2 Determination of external loads . 31 9.2.1 Snow loads . 31 9.2.2 Wind loads . 31 9.2.3 Seismic loads 32 9.2.4 Insulation loads . 33 9.2.5 Loads resulting from connec
17、tions 33 9.2.6 Agitation . 34 9.2.7 Pressure due to inadequate venting 34 9.2.8 Personnel loading . 34 9.2.9 Internal stresses in vessels and tanks due temperatures 34 9.3 Verification by the partial factor method 34 9.3.1 General . 34 9.3.2 Dimensioning by using (A 5 )-factored loads . 40 9.4 Drawi
18、ngs and design calculations 41 9.5 Design details . 41 9.5.1 Design temperature TS . 41 9.5.2 Pressure . 41 10 Design analysis 42 10.1 Symbols and units . 42 10.2 Vertical vessels or tanks, cylinders under loads (t 0 ,01D) . 44 10.2.1 Circumferential loadings . 44 10.2.2 Combined axial loading 45 10
19、.3 Cylindrical shells subject to compressive loadings critical buckling criteria . 46 10.3.1 General . 46 10.3.2 Critical axial buckling load 46 10.3.3 Critical circumferential buckling pressure . 47 10.3.4 Combined axial and radial compressive loadings 48 10.3.5 Critical buckling pressure for cylin
20、drical shell stiffened with external or internal rings . 49 10.4 Conical shells 50 10.4.1 General requirements . 50 10.4.2 Shallow conical ends 52 10.4.3 Conical ends subject to internal pressure . 52 10.4.4 Conical ends subject to external pressure . 54 10.4.5 Shell conical covers 56 10.5 Dished en
21、d . 57 10.5.1 General requirements . 57 10.5.2 Dished ends subject to internal pressure 58 10.5.3 Stability for dished ends subject to external pressure . 59 10.6 Design of flat bottoms and skirts for vertical tanks and vessels . 60 10.6.1 Definitions . 60 10.6.2 Fully supported, flat bottom tanks .
22、 60 10.6.3 Vessels with flat bases subjected to pressure 67 10.6.4 Dished bottom and conical bottom configurations 67 10.7 Circumferential seams for cylindrical joints 77 10.7.1 General . 77 10.7.2 Construction without thermoplastics liner . 79 10.7.3 Construction with thermoplastics liner . 79 BS E
23、N 13121-3:2016EN 13121-3:2016 (E) 4 10.8 Openings, branches and compensating laminate . 79 10.8.1 General . 79 10.8.2 Symbols 80 10.8.3 Compensation requirements for openings . 80 10.8.4 Pull out load from nozzles . 87 10.8.5 Prevention of failure in peel . 87 10.8.6 Pad connections 87 10.8.7 Screwe
24、d connections . 89 10.8.8 Access and inspecting openings 89 10.8.9 Gusset on branches 89 10.9 Flat Panels or Blind flanges. 89 10.9.1 General . 89 10.9.2 Symbols 90 10.9.3 Circular panels . 90 10.10 Horizontal tanks and vessels 93 10.10.1 Types of supports . 93 10.10.2 Symbols 95 10.10.3 Unit loads
25、of the cylindrical shell . 96 10.10.4 Unit loads on saddle position 103 10.10.5 Unit loads for horizontal loads at the vessel . 109 10.11 Large diameter pipes and pipe fittings 110 10.11.1 General 110 10.11.2 Joints 111 10.11.3 Elbows . 112 10.11.4 Large cut-outs and Tees 112 11 Bolted flange connec
26、tions 115 11.1 General 115 11.2 Full face flanges design 121 11.2.1 General 121 11.2.2 Symbols . 122 11.2.3 Pipe loads on flanges 124 11.2.4 Gasket load and bolt torque. 124 11.2.5 Summary of loads 125 11.2.6 Total bending moment 125 11.2.7 Flange design. 125 11.2.8 Flange slope . 127 11.3 Stub flan
27、ge design with backing ring . 133 11.3.1 General 133 11.3.2 Loads, bending moment and design for backing ring made of steel or GRP 134 11.3.3 Stub flange loadings 135 11.3.4 Stub shear interface design 135 11.3.5 Stub end or flange design 135 11.3.6 Seating stress 136 11.4 Butt and strap jointed fla
28、nges at vessels or tanks . 138 12 Supports for vessels and tanks . 138 12.1 General 138 12.2 Supports and mountings for tanks and vessels 139 12.2.1 General considerations for supports 139 12.2.2 Supports for vertical vessels . 139 13 Seismic loading . 145 14 Design calculation for tank and vessel a
29、nchorage 145 14.1 General 145 14.2 Design for uplift 145 BS EN 13121-3:2016EN 13121-3:2016 (E) 5 14.3 Design for anchor bolts 145 15 Structures and fittings . 149 15.1 General 149 15.2 Internal structures and fittings 149 15.3 External structures and fittings 149 15.4 Lifting devices . 149 16 Local
30、load analysis 154 17 Quality Control 154 17.1 General 154 17.2 Works requirements 154 17.2.1 General 154 17.2.2 Raw materials storage . 154 17.2.3 Manufacturing area . 154 17.2.4 Conditions for laminating . 154 17.3 Documentation to be prepared by the manufacturer 155 17.3.1 Technical documentation
31、. 155 17.3.2 Records and documentation requirements for raw materials . 155 17.3.3 Manufacturing documentation requirements 156 17.3.4 Quality control documentation requirements 156 17.4 Manufacture. 161 17.4.1 General 161 17.4.2 Fabrication of thermoplastics liners 162 17.4.3 Fabrication of laminat
32、es . 162 17.4.4 Imperfections in laminates 163 17.4.5 Curing . 163 17.5 Inspection and testing after completion of fabrication . 163 17.5.1 Visual and dimensional inspection . 163 17.5.2 Physical test to be carried out . 164 17.5.3 Coupon testing 164 17.6 Experimental Design Verification Method for
33、pressure vessel 165 17.6.1 General 165 17.6.2 Manufacture of the prototype vessel 165 17.6.3 Tests to be applied to prototype vessels . 166 18 Marking . 166 Annex A (informative) Product testing for serial or batch production process 168 A.1 Initial type testing (ITT) 168 A.2 Testing of samples . 16
34、8 A.2.1 General 168 A.2.2 Batch release tests (BRT) 168 A.2.3 Process control tests . 169 A.3 Inspection and test records . 170 A.3.1 General 170 A.3.2 Marking . 170 A.3.3 Delivery, installation, maintenance 170 Annex B (informative) Derivation of laminate properties from laminate properties 171 B.1
35、 General 171 B.2 Lamina/laminate thickness . 171 B.3 Laminate modulus . 172 B.4 Determination of laminate flexural stiffness 173 B.5 Determination of laminate strains from load resultants 173 Annex C (normative) Pressure and leak testing 175 BS EN 13121-3:2016EN 13121-3:2016 (E) 6 C.1 General 175 C.
36、2 Open top tanks 175 C.3 Static head test of closed tanks and vessels . 176 C.3.1 Contents having a specific gravity up to 1,0 . 176 C.3.2 Contents having a specific gravity greater than 1,0 176 C.4 Hydraulic pressure test . 176 C.4.1 Test done in the working attitude . 176 C.4.2 Tests done in other
37、 than the working attitudes . 176 C.4.3 Pneumatic testing 177 C.4.4 Vacuum test . 177 Annex D (normative) Methods of tests . 178 D.1 General 178 D.1.1 Tests . 178 D.1.2 Accuracy of test equipment 178 D.2 Loss on ignition 179 D.3 Tensile strength of thermoplastics welds 179 D.4 Bend test for thermopl
38、astics welds 179 D.4.1 Introduction 179 D.4.2 Test arrangement 179 D.4.3 Test pieces 180 D.4.4 Method of test . 180 D.4.5 Requirements from flexural test 180 D.4.6 Test report . 180 D.5 Ultimate tensile unit strength of laminates . 181 D.5.1 Test pieces and procedure . 181 D.5.2 Simple laminates . 1
39、81 D.5.3 Combined laminates . 181 D.6 Unit tensile modulus of laminates . 182 D.7 Inter laminar shear strength of laminates . 184 D.7.1 Form of test specimen 184 D.7.2 Number of test specimens 184 D.7.3 Procedure . 184 D.7.4 Results . 184 D.7.5 Report 184 D.8 Lap shear strength of bond between therm
40、oplastics lining and laminate or between laminates 185 D.8.1 Form of the test specimen 185 D.8.2 Number of test specimens 185 D.8.3 Procedure . 185 D.8.4 Report 186 D.9 Peel strength of bond between laminate layers . 186 D.9.1 Form of the specimen . 186 D.9.2 Number of specimens . 186 D.9.3 Procedur
41、e . 187 D.9.4 Report 187 D.10 Flexural short-term creep test (flexural modulus E 1h and E 24h test) . 189 D.10.1 General 189 D.10.2 Definitions 189 D.10.3 Test device . 189 D.10.4 Test pieces 190 D.10.5 Procedure . 190 D.10.6 Calculation . 190 D.11 Barcol hardness . 191 D.12 Determination of electri
42、cal resistivity . 191 BS EN 13121-3:2016EN 13121-3:2016 (E) 7 D.13 Glass transition temperature by DSC of cured resin . 191 D.14 Spark testing of thermoplastics welds . 191 D.14.1 General 191 D.14.2 Apparatus . 192 D.14.3 Procedure . 192 D.15 Long term flexural creep test 192 D.15.1 General 192 D.15
43、.2 Definitions 192 D.15.3 Test device . 192 D.15.4 Test pieces 193 D.15.5 Procedure . 193 D.15.6 Calculation 193 D.16 Hardness of rubber . 194 D.17 Flash point test . 194 D.18 Heat deflection temperature test . 194 D.19 Flexural strength of laminate 194 D.20 Pull-off strength from laminates 194 Anne
44、x E (normative) Approval testing of laminators . 196 E.1 General 196 E.2 Assessment of the laminator . 196 E.3 Procedure . 196 E.4 Theory exam 197 E.5 Test pieces 197 E.6 Evaluation of test pieces 197 E.6.1 General 197 E.6.2 Test procedure 1 198 E.6.3 Test procedure 2 198 E.6.4 Test procedure 3 198
45、E.7 Minimum requirements for acceptance 198 E.8 Test certificate 199 E.9 Validity and renewal 199 E.10 Range of approval 199 Annex F (informative) Design by stress analysis 201 F.1 General 201 F.2 Typical methods . 201 F.3 General requirements 201 F.4 Important determination results 201 F.5 Design f
46、actors 201 Annex G (normative) Environmental aspects 202 G.1 Principle 202 G.2 Design and Manufacturing . 202 G.3 Effects of materials on water . 202 G.4 Effects of materials on food 203 G.5 Recycling . 203 G.6 Storage of substances hazardous to water . 203 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship betwee
47、n this European Standard and the essential requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU aimed to be covered 204 Bibliography 206 BS EN 13121-3:2016EN 13121-3:2016 (E) 8 European foreword This document (EN 13121-3:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 210 “GRP tanks and vessels”, the secretar
48、iat of which is held by SFS. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2016, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2016. Attention is drawn t
49、o the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 13121-3:2008+A1:2010. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive. For relationship with EU Directive, see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. The following changes were made in t
