1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15186:2012Furniture Assessment of the surface resistance to scratchingBS EN 15186:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN
2、 15186:2012. It supersedes DD CEN/TS 15186:2005, which is withdrawn and partially supersedes BS 3962-6:1980.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee FW/0/1, Common Test Methods for Furniture.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on
3、request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 68631 3 ICS 97.140 Compliance with a Brit
4、ish Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15186:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN
5、 15186 April 2012 ICS 97.140 Supersedes CEN/TS 15186:2005English Version Furniture - Assessment of the surface resistance to scratching Ameublement - Evaluation de la rsistance de la surface la rayure Mbel - Bewertung der Kratzfestigkeit von Oberflchen This European Standard was approved by CEN on 8
6、 March 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be
7、obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to th
8、e CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembo
9、urg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN Al
10、l rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15186:2012: EBS EN 15186:2012EN 15186:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page 1 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms and definitions .54 Linear method (method A) 64.1 Principle 64.2 Apparatus and materi
11、als .74.2.1 Test apparatus .74.2.2 Equipment parameters 74.2.3 Scratching tip .74.2.4 Optical measurement equipment .84.2.5 Suitable illumination 84.2.6 Conditioning chamber .84.2.7 Cleaning cloth 84.3 Preparation and conditioning .84.3.1 Conditioning .84.3.2 Test surface 84.3.3 Checking of the tips
12、 geometry 84.4 Test Procedure .94.4.1 General 94.4.2 Scratching of test area 94.4.3 Determination of scratching resistance 94.5 Assessment of results . 115 Circular method (method B) 115.1 Principle . 115.2 Apparatus and materials 115.2.1 Test apparatus 115.2.2 Viewing cabinet . 135.2.3 Template 145
13、.2.4 Conditioning chamber 155.2.5 Cleaning cloth . 155.3 Preparation and conditioning 155.3.1 Conditioning 155.3.2 Test surface . 155.4 Test procedure 165.5 Assessment of results . 165.6 Expression of results . 176 Test report . 17Annex A (informative) Checking of the tip, calculation of final resul
14、t and example of protocol to record the results 19A.1 Checking of the tip 19A.2 Calculation of Final Result . 19A.3 Example of Protocol to record the results . 21Annex B (informative) Significant technical changes in revised edition of this standard . 22Bibliography . 23BS EN 15186:2012EN 15186:2012
15、 (E) 3 Figures Figure 1 Scratching tip of the cone type . 7Figure 2 Shape of the tip before use 9Figure 3 Example of a type of apparatus for determination of resistance to scratching . 12Figure 4 Diamond scratching tip 13Figure 5 Example of suitable viewing cabinet 14Figure 6 Template 15Figure 7 Tem
16、plate 17Figure A.1 Nominal geometry of the tips used in the scratching test method evaluation . 19Figure A.2 The way of the expression of scratching resistance final results N for one type of material . 20Tables Table 1 Technical parameters. 7Table 2 Examples of scratch patterns . 10Table A.1 Protoc
17、ol of scratching trace width measurement . 21BS EN 15186:2012EN 15186:2012 (E) 4 Foreword This document (EN 15186:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 207 “Furniture”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, e
18、ither by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN a
19、nd/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes CEN/TS 15186:2005. Regarding the significant technical changes that have been made in this new edition of EN 15186, see the informative Annex B. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal R
20、egulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
21、 Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15186:2012EN 15186:2012 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies a method for the assessment of the surface resistance to penetrating scratches. It relat
22、es to the rigid surfaces of all finished products, regardless of their material. It does not apply to finishes on leather and fabrics. Method A is suitable for all types of surface coatings and coverings except for melamine faced boards (according to EN 14322) and HPL (according to EN 438-1). It sim
23、ulates measurable penetrating and/or deforming scratches. Method B is suitable for all types of surfaces. It simulates first visible scratches that may only be a change in the gloss. The test is intended to be carried out on a part of finished furniture. It can however be carried out on test panels
24、of the same material, finished in an identical manner to the finished product, and of a size sufficient to meet the requirements of the test. It is essential that the test be carried out on unused surfaces. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenc
25、ed in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN ISO 1518-1, Paint and varnishes Determination of scratch resistance Part 1
26、: constant loading method (ISO 1518-1) 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 test surface part of the test panel 3.2 test panel panel including the test surface Note 1 to entry: The panel may be cut from a finished item of furniture
27、 or it may be a separate panel produced in the same manner as the finished item of furniture. 3.3 test area part of the test surface under the equipment, where the measurement is carried out 3.4 scratching tip 3.4.1 method A needle with a point of defined geometry BS EN 15186:2012EN 15186:2012 (E) 6
28、 Note 1 to entry: See 4.2.3. 3.4.2 method B needle with a point of defined geometry Note 1 to entry: See 5.2.1.6. 3.5 scratching trace 3.5.1 method A visible and measurable mark on the tested surface which is produced under the specified load of the scratching tip; the shapes of the traces can be di
29、fferent depending on the substrate and coating type as shown in Table 2 3.5.2 method B first visible scratches which may only be a change in the gloss 3.6 scratching resistance 3.6.1 method A minimum load, in N, applied to the scratching tip, which produces a measurable width trace (W) of 0,30 mm 3.
30、6.2 method B minimum load, in N, applied to the scratching tip, which produces a continuous visible mark 3.7 preliminary assessments of the scratching resistance (method A) minimum load causing the specified trace on one test surface 3.8 intermediate assessment of scratching resistance (method A) me
31、an value of preliminary assessments of one test surface 3.9 final value of scratching resistance (method A) mean value of intermediate assessments of three test surfaces Note 1 to entry: See Figure A.2 in the informative Annex A. 4 Linear method (method A) 4.1 Principle Surface scratching resistance
32、 is defined as the minimum load in N (Newtons) applied to the tip with specified geometry, which produces a specified scratch width (see 4.4.2). The width of the scratching trace is the result of the assessment of the series of scratches produced by the tip. BS EN 15186:2012EN 15186:2012 (E) 7 4.2 A
33、pparatus and materials 4.2.1 Test apparatus 4.2.1.1 Equipment for linear, without hand movement of the scratching tip or the test surface, according to the principle of EN ISO 1518-1. 4.2.2 Equipment parameters Technical parameters of the apparatus shall be as specified in Table 1. Table 1 Technical
34、 parameters Parameter Description/values Tip/test surface movement Linear Load range (N) 1,0 - 20,0 Increment of load (N) 1,0 0,1 Speed of the tips/test surface movement (mm/s) 20 10 Travel length of the tip or test surface (mm) Minimum 22 4.2.3 Scratching tip Scratching tip made of diamond, with a
35、radius (R) of (0,30 0,01) mm. The coupling between the spherical part of the tool and the truncated cone section shall allow the width of the trace produced by the tool on the test area to be higher than 0,30 mm, without disturbing this truncated cone section. An example of this tool is shown in Fig
36、ure 1. The tip shall be mounted in the holder with the flat part on the leading side of the shank facing the working direction. The tip shall be checked before use (see 4.3.3). Key tips angle = (60,0 1,0) Rkradius of tips rounded part Rk= (0,30 0,01) mm Figure 1 Scratching tip of the cone type BS EN
37、 15186:2012EN 15186:2012 (E) 8 4.2.4 Optical measurement equipment Any suitable equipment (e.g. a microscope) for measuring the traces width with 0,05 mm accuracy and for assessment of the scratching tips geometry with 0,01 mm accuracy. 4.2.5 Suitable illumination Suitable illumination for measureme
38、nt of the traces width with 0,05 mm accuracy. 4.2.6 Conditioning chamber A chamber with a standard atmosphere of (23 2) C and relative humidity of (50 5) %. 4.2.7 Cleaning cloth White, soft, absorbent cloth. 4.3 Preparation and conditioning 4.3.1 Conditioning Conditioning of the test surface shall b
39、egin at least one week before testing, and shall be carried out in air with a temperature of (23 2) C and relative humidity of (50 5) %. The conditioning time shall be stated in the test report. NOTE Some finishing systems may not have achieved full cure after one week of conditioning. 4.3.2 Test su
40、rface Three test surfaces shall be prepared. The test surface taken shall be at least 20 mm from the edge. Each test surface shall be a piece of the test panel, shaped to fit the type of clamping device used. The test surface shall be carefully wiped with a cleaning cloth (see 4.2.7) before the test
41、 without scratching the surface. The test surface shall be largely flat. 4.3.3 Checking of the tips geometry The scratching tip shall be inspected visually before each test (see Figure 2). The scratching tip shall be checked using the optical measurement equipment to obtain an accuracy of 0,01 mm an
42、d 1 , at least every series of 1 000 tests. In both cases, if any flatness, holes, mass losses or other kind of damages are found, the scratching tip shall be rejected and replaced by a new one. BS EN 15186:2012EN 15186:2012 (E) 9 Figure 2 Shape of the tip before use 4.4 Test Procedure 4.4.1 General
43、 Check the geometry of the scratching tip according to 4.3.3. Place the test apparatus (see 4.2.1) in a horizontal position to the test surface, with the tip perpendicular to the test surface. Carry out the test in a conditioned atmosphere of (23 2) C and (50 5) % R.H. 4.4.2 Scratching of test area
44、For each test surface, repeat the scratch test and record the results of width measurements rounded to 0,05 mm (see the protocol example in Table A.1). The scratches shall be carried out across the grain direction, if applicable. Start the test with the first test surface with a load of 1,0 N and co
45、ntinue with increments of 1,0 N, until 20,0 N, or until the scratch width is 0,30 mm, whichever is reached first. NOTE The determination of the width of the scratches on the second and third test surface can normally begin 3,0 N below the load found for the first test surface. The distance between t
46、wo adjacent scratching traces shall be at least 5 mm, and at least 20 mm between the scratching trace and the edge of the test surface. 4.4.3 Determination of scratching resistance The determination of scratching resistance shall be established by one observer experienced in this type of assessment,
47、 by measuring, after 24 h, all the scratching trace widths using the optical measurement equipment (see 4.2.4). In case of a dispute, three experienced observers shall carry out the determination. NOTE For easier assessment of the scratching trace width, the surfaces of the estimated test areas befo
48、re the measurement can be marked with a soft pencil (or another suitable colouring agent) across the scratching traces. The points of width measurement of the different types of traces (depending on the substrate and coating) are shown in Table 2. BS EN 15186:2012EN 15186:2012 (E) 10 Table 2 Example
49、s of scratch patterns Scratch patterns Width measurement For trace with a similar appearance as shown, the maximum value of the width shall be chosen. For trace with a similar appearance as shown, the average width shall be chosen.For trace with a similar appearance as shown, the average width shall be chosen.BS EN 15186:2012EN 15186:2012 (E) 11 For trace with a similar appea
