1、BS EN 15530:2008ICS 77.150.10NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDAluminium andaluminium alloys Environmental aspectsof aluminium products General guidelinesfor their inclusion instandardsThis British Standardwas published under theauthority of the St
2、andardsPolicy and StrategyCommittee on 32008 BSI 2008ISBN 978 0 580 57128 2Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN 15530:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15530:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCom
3、mittee NFE/35, Light metals and their alloys.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a Br
4、itish Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.0 SeptemberBS EN 15530:2008EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 15530January 2008ICS 77.150.10English VersionAluminium and aluminium alloys - Environmental aspects ofaluminium products - General guidelines for their inclusion i
5、nstandardsAluminium et alliages daluminium - Aspectsenvironnementaux des produits daluminium - Lignesdirectrices gnrales pour leur intgration dans les normesAluminium und Aluminiumlegierungen - Umweltaspekte vonAluminiumerzeugnissen - Allgemeine Leitlinien fr ihreBercksichtigung in NormenThis Europe
6、an Standard was approved by CEN on 21 December 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references conc
7、erning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own
8、language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania,
9、Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All ri
10、ghts of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN 15530:2008: EBS EN 15530:2008EN 15530:2008 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 General guidance.6 4.1 Practical procedure
11、 on how to introduce provisions dealing with environmental aspects into European Standards 6 4.2 Life cycle approach for aluminium products7 4.3 Techniques for identifying and assessing environmental impacts .7 4.4 Heavy metals and other hazardous substances 7 5 Overview of environmental aspects of
12、aluminium products in different applications 8 5.1 General8 5.2 Aluminium products for transport application .8 5.3 Aluminium products for building and construction.9 5.4 Aluminium products for packaging applications.10 5.5 Aluminium products for other applications10 Annex A (informative) Guidance h
13、ow to treat aluminium in life cycle assessments.11 A.1 General requirements of EN ISO 14044.11 A.2 Treatment of energy flows 11 A.3 Treatment of recycling 12 Annex B (informative) Checklist addressing environmental aspects16 B.1 General16 B.2 Identification of environmental aspects of the product li
14、fe cycle by means of the CEN temporary checklist (Step 1)16 B.3 Environmental checklist to be attached to all draft standards sent out for CEN/TC Technical Enquiry, CEN Enquiry and Formal Vote 17 B.4 Identification of environmental impacts that can be influenced by the European Standard (step 2) 18
15、B.5 Final consideration of environmental aspects in the European Standard (step 3) 18 B.6 Example 1: aluminium products in the mass transport sector.19 B.7 Example 2: aluminium products in the building sector.20 Bibliography 23 BS EN 15530:2008EN 15530:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15530:200
16、8) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 132 “Aluminium and aluminium alloys”, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. Within its program of work, Technical Committee CEN/TC 132 entrusted CEN/TC 132/WG 14 “General support” to prepare this document. This European Standard shall be given
17、the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the s
18、ubject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium,
19、 Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15530:2008EN 155
20、30:2008 (E) 4 Introduction European standards often deal with aspects of trade, quality, health and the safety of products, processes or services. By additionally considering environmental aspects, European standardization is extended to the frame of sustainable development. General guidance for the
21、 inclusion of environmental aspects in product standards is given by CEN Guide 4. This Guide covers the consideration of environmental aspects in standards dealing with aluminium products and is intended for standard writers. The aim of CEN Guide 4 is to provide a helpful tool for technical experts
22、in the production chain of the aluminium product, who are involved in standardization, but are not necessarily environmental experts. The purpose of CEN Guide 4 is: a) to describe the environmental aspects in product standards; b) to outline the relationship between product standards and the environ
23、ment; c) to help avoid provisions in product standards that may lead to adverse environmental impacts; d) to emphasize that addressing environmental aspects during the development of product standards is a complex process and requires balancing competing priorities; e) to recommend the use of life c
24、ycle thinking and recognized scientific techniques when addressing environmental aspects of a product being standardized. CEN Guide 4 states that it is supplemented by sectorial guides in order to reflect the diversity of environmental impacts that products may have. This European Standard may be co
25、nsidered as such a sectorial guide, as it considers aluminium products as a product sector for different applications (e.g. vehicles, building, packaging etc.). It is based on the expertise of representatives of the aluminium industry with environmental knowledge. Depending on the way a European Sta
26、ndard is written, the provisions included and those omitted, the environmental impact of those products and processes may be influenced. The experts writing or revising European Standards should be aware of the relevance of environmental aspects and possible environmental impacts. In order to achiev
27、e this, guidance on how to take environmental issues systematically into account should be given. BS EN 15530:2008EN 15530:2008 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard gives guidelines for standard writers who draft standards dealing with aluminium products or dealing with semi-finished products which
28、are intended to be used for aluminium products. It applies to all applications of aluminium products It provides a structure on how to identify and consider environmental aspects and potential environmental impacts of aluminium products throughout their life cycle, when writing standards taking into
29、 account the specific properties of aluminium and specific aspects of the life cycle of aluminium products. It gives guidance on how the life cycle of aluminium products should be taken into account, considering the provisions given in EN ISO 14044. It also explains cases where restrictions on alumi
30、nium products, which are motivated by environmental considerations, are not appropriate and gives guidance on how to avoid unnecessary requirements. This European Standard does not include health and safety aspects related to the production, use or recycling of aluminium products. 2 Normative refere
31、nces The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 12258-1:1998, Aluminium and aluminium all
32、oys Terms and definitions Part 1: General terms EN ISO 14044:2006, Environmental management Life cycle assessment Requirements and guidelines (ISO 14044:2006) CEN Guide 4:2005, Guide for the inclusion of environmental aspects in products standards 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this doc
33、ument, the terms and definitions given in EN 12258-1:1998 and the following apply. 3.1 aluminium product product which contains a significant portion of aluminium in metallic form in order to achieve the desired functions NOTE Aluminium products can be offered to a consumer or delivered to further d
34、ownstream manufacturing. 3.2 standard writer any person taking part in the preparation of European Standards CEN Guide 4:2005 3.3 environmental aspect element of an organizations activities or products or services that can interact with the environment NOTE A significant environmental aspect has or
35、can have a significant environmental impact. BS EN 15530:2008EN 15530:2008 (E) 6 EN ISO 14001:2004 3.4 environmental impact any change to the environment, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an organizations environmental aspect EN ISO 14001:2004 3.5 life cycle consecut
36、ive and interlinked stages of a product system, from raw material acquisition or generation from natural resources to their final disposal EN ISO 14044:2006 4 General guidance 4.1 Practical procedure on how to introduce provisions dealing with environmental aspects into European Standards 4.1.1 Many
37、 European Standards about aluminium products exist without any provisions to make the user aware of environmental aspects and potential environmental impacts. This need not lead directly to products which are less environmentally friendly, because the designer has other incentives to consider enviro
38、nmental aspects, such as economic considerations, legal requirements etc. However, the inclusion of environmental provisions encourages the consideration of environmental aspects in cases where such incentives do not exist. 4.1.2 In many cases it is sufficient to include the necessary provisions whe
39、n revising European Standards about aluminium products by the inclusion of a new clause or subclause where the relevant environmental aspects are formulated. EXAMPLE In EN 13981-1:2003 requirements and guidance on aluminium profiles for railway application are formulated, without mentioning possible
40、 environmental aspects. For the next revision of this European Standard it would be advisable to include an additional clause stating that mass savings generate savings of electricity or diesel during the whole use stage of the railway car of about 30 years. Each weight reduction of 1 kg in a railwa
41、y car saves about 60 kg to 80 kg CO2equivalents of green-house gas for long distance trains and 100 kg to 150 kg CO2equivalents of green-house gas for short distance trains, trams and subway trains 1, 2 4.1.3 Environmental impacts related to a product can be affected due to product standardization.
42、This aspect should be balanced against other factors, such as: product function; performance; safety and health; cost; marketability; quality; legal and regulatory requirements. BS EN 15530:2008EN 15530:2008 (E) 7 4.2 Life cycle approach for aluminium products 4.2.1 Any inclusion of environmental as
43、pects into product standards shall consider the life cycle of the product. This means that all stages of the life cycle of the relevant aluminium product, including production of the product from raw material, use of the product, end-of-life of the product, should be considered by a systematic proce
44、dure in order to identify significant environmental aspects: see Annex B. 4.2.2 Standard writers should be aware of the consequences of the provisions, based on environmental considerations, which they include in European Standards. Especially, it makes no sense to require a high content of recycled
45、 aluminium in an aluminium product, because recycled aluminium usually has the same inherent properties as primary aluminium and would be missing in another product. Instead, standard writers should consider design for (end-of-life) recycling, i.e. make sure that a high portion of the aluminium is r
46、ecycled. 4.2.3 Guidance how to treat aluminium in LCAs, based on EN ISO 14044, with special regard to recycling issues, is given in Annex A. 4.3 Techniques for identifying and assessing environmental impacts 4.3.1 For the design of aluminium products, the guidance given in ISO/TR 14062 should be con
47、sidered. 4.3.2 For the most important sectors where aluminium is used, i.e. transport, building and packaging, the most important environmental aspects to be considered are specified in Clause 5. 4.3.3 In accordance with CEN Guide 4, additional environmental aspects, specific for the relevant design
48、 and product life cycle, shall be identified by screening procedures as laid down in Annex B. 4.3.4 If a proposed measure has both positive and negative consequences on the environment (trade-offs), then resulting environmental provisions should be based on life cycle assessments. 4.4 Heavy metals a
49、nd other hazardous substances 4.4.1 There is a need to protect the environment against heavy metals such as lead, cadmium and mercury, since they have ecotoxic effects including bioaccumulation. However, if such metals exist as impurities in aluminium, they are present in solid solution in the metallic grid or as dispersed constituents of a size smaller than 1 m. Such impurities do not leach out when aluminium is exposed to atmosphere or neutral water during its use or in rare cases where it is littered or land-filled after the end
