1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15776:2011Unfired pressure vessels Requirements for the designand fabrication of pressurevessels and pressure partsconstructed from cast iron withan elongation after fractu
2、reequal or less than 15 %Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15776:2011.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Techn
3、icalCommittee PVE/1, Pressure Vessels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 6160
4、9 9ICS 23.020.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2011.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXC
5、HANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15776 February 2011 ICS 23.020.30 English Version Unfired pressure vessels - Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts cons
6、tructed from cast iron with an elongation after fracture equal or less than 15 % Rcipients sous pression non soumis la flamme - Exigences pour la conception et la fabrication des rcipients sous pression et des parties sous pression mouls en fonte allongement aprs rupture infrieur ou gal 15 % Unbefeu
7、erte Druckbehlter - Anforderungen an die Konstruktion und Herstellung von Druckbehltern und Druckbehlterteilen aus Gusseisen mit einer Bruchdehnung von 15 % oder weniger This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 January 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regula
8、tions which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member
9、. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN
10、 members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, S
11、pain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national
12、 Members. Ref. No. EN 15776:2011: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011EN 15776:2011 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3Introduction .41 Scope 52 Normative references 53 Terms, definitions, units and symbols 64 Materials, limi
13、tations and service conditions 105 Design requirements 136 Founding, material and casting testing 277 Final assessment 308 Pressure vessels assembled of a combination of parts in different materials 309 Marking and documentation 30Annex A (normative) Technical data for design calculations . 32Annex
14、B (informative) Recommendations for in-service validation and inspection 35Annex C (informative) Examples of fatigue design curves . 36Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of EU Directive 97/23/EC . 39Bibliography . 40Licensed Copy: Wang B
15、in, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011EN 15776:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15776:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 54 “Unfired pressure vessels”, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shal
16、l be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by August 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by August 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this docume
17、nt may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements
18、 of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive(s), see informative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria,
19、 Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Lice
20、nsed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011EN 15776:2011 (E) 4 Introduction For pressure equipment, special precautions are required when using grey cast iron grades or spheroidal graphite cast iron grades with an elongation after f
21、racture equal to or less than 15 % to attain the same safety level as when using spheroidal graphite cast iron grades with an elongation after fracture higher than 15 %. Service restrictions and limitations are given in Clause 4. Attention is drawn to the references to EN 13445-6 for design and fabr
22、ication according to specific grades of material standards EN 1563 and EN 13835 which are found in some clauses of this standard, EN 15776. Requirements for the design, material, manufacturing and testing of pressure vessels and pressure vessel parts made from ferritic or austenitic spheroidal graph
23、ite cast iron grades with an elongation after fracture higher than 15 % are given in EN 13445-6. Cast iron with elongation after fracture equal or less than 15 % may only be used for pressure equipment when operational and technical advantages are dictating its use instead of the cast iron grades gi
24、ven in EN 13445-6 with elongation after fracture higher than 15 %. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011EN 15776:2011 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies requirements for the design, material, manufacturing and
25、testing of pressure vessels and pressure vessel parts made from materials for which details are specified from the following material standards for specific grades which meet the criterion of an elongation after fracture less than or equal to 15 %: EN 1561, Founding Grey cast irons; EN 1563, Foundin
26、g Spheroidal graphite cast irons; EN 13835, Founding Austenitic cast irons. The allowed content of the vessel or pressure part is a fluid of group 2 only, according to the Directive 97/23/EC. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this docu
27、ment. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 764-5:2002, Pressure Equipment Part 5: Compliance and Inspection Documentation of Materials EN 1370, Founding Surface roughness ins
28、pection by visual tactile comparators EN 1371-1:1997, Founding Liquid penetrant inspection Part 1: Sand, gravity die and low pressure die castings EN 1559-1, Founding Technical conditions of delivery Part 1: General EN 1559-3, Founding Technical conditions of delivery Part 3: Additional requirements
29、 for iron castings EN 1561, Founding Grey cast irons EN 1563, Founding Spheroidal graphite cast irons EN 12680-3, Founding Ultrasonic examination Part 3: Spheroidal graphite cast iron castings EN 13445-3:2009, Unfired pressure vessels Part 3: Design EN 13445-5:2009, Unfired pressure vessels Part 5:
30、Inspection and testing EN 13445-6:2009, Unfired pressure vessels Part 6: Requirements for the design and fabrication of pressure vessels and pressure parts constructed from spheroidal graphite cast iron EN 13835, Founding Austenitic cast irons EN ISO 8062-3, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS)
31、Dimensional and geometrical tolerances for moulded parts Part 3: General dimensional and geometrical tolerances and machining allowances for castings (ISO 8062-3:2007) Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011EN 15776:2011 (E)
32、 6 3 Terms, definitions, units and symbols 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1.1 grey cast iron cast material, mainly iron and carbon based, carbon being present mainly in the form of flake (lamellar) graphite particles (EN 1561
33、) NOTE Grey cast iron is also known as flake graphite cast iron, and less commonly as lamellar graphite cast iron. 3.1.2 spheroidal graphite cast iron cast material, mainly iron and carbon-based, the carbon being present mainly in the form of spheroidal graphite particles (EN 1563) NOTE Spheroidal g
34、raphite cast iron is also known as ductile iron, and less commonly as nodular iron. 3.1.3 austenitic cast iron cast material with an austenitic matrix which is iron and carbon based and alloyed with nickel and manganese, copper and/or chromium in order to stabilize the austenitic structure at room t
35、emperature NOTE The graphite can be present in flake or spheroidal form (EN 13835). 3.1.4 relevant wall thickness section of the casting, agreed between the manufacturer and the purchaser, to which the guaranteed mechanical properties apply 3.1.5 critical zone highly stressed area where a fracture i
36、s expected to occur in a burst test NOTE 1 It can be caused, for example, by any of the following: sudden change in cross section; sharp edges; sharp radii; peak stresses; bending stresses; stresses due to other than membrane stress; changes in curvature. NOTE 2 A critical zone is analysed by any ap
37、propriate method, e.g. holographic, interferometric method, strain gauge methods, burst test, fatigue testing, FEM analysis, etc. NOTE 3 Additionally, thermal gradients and thermal stresses due to different operating wall temperatures are to be considered in defining critical zones. Licensed Copy: W
38、ang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011EN 15776:2011 (E) 7 3.1.6 purchaser individual or organisation that buys pressure equipment, including assemblies or parts, for its own use or on behalf of the user and/or operator 3.1.7 manufacturer i
39、ndividual or organisation responsible for the design, fabrication, testing, inspection, installation of pressure equipment and assemblies where relevant NOTE 1 The manufacturer may subcontract one or more of the above mentioned tasks under its responsibility. 3.1.8 casting manufacturer subcontractor
40、 that produces the castings used in the manufacture of pressure equipment 3.1.9 temperature factor reduction factor applied to the 0,2 % proof strength to take account of temperature influence 3.1.10 wall thickness factor reduction factor applied to the nominal design stress to take account of reduc
41、ed mechanical properties 3.1.11 stress factor ratio of peak stress to total stress 3.1.12 total stress total stress in a design model which includes all stress concentration effects, non-local and local 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of this document, symbols used in EN 13445-6:2009 are listed in Tabl
42、e 1. Table 1 Symbols Symbol Quantity Unit c corrosion allowance mm e required thickness mm ea analysis thickness mm eactactual thickness mm emaxmaximum local thickness at the location of a possible fatigue crack initiation mm eminminimum thickness as specified on drawing mm Licensed Copy: Wang Bin,
43、ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011EN 15776:2011 (E) 8 Table 1 (continued) Symbol Quantity Unit f nominal design stress MPa fethickness correction factor fmmean stress correction factor ftestnominal design stress for testing condition MPa fTtemp
44、erature correction factor fssurface finish correction factor mCexponent in equation of fatigue design curve n shell shape factor neqnumber of equivalent full pressure cycles T,Tccalculation temperature C A, A5 minimum elongation after fracture % CCcoefficient in equation of fatigue design curve Cewa
45、ll thickness reduction factor CTtemperature reduction factor E modulus of elasticity MPa F test factor used in experimental fatigue assessment Keffeffective stress concentration factor Kttheoretical elastic stress concentration factor M mean stress sensitivity factor MPa mc value from appropriate Ta
46、bles 10, 11, 13, 14 in the appropriate number of cycle number range used in fatigue calculations N total number of envisaged types of pressure cycles with different amplitude Nallallowable number of cycles obtained from the fatigue design curve Nminminimum number of cycles obtained in experimental f
47、atigue assessment ninumber of cycles with amplitude PiPC,pc calculation pressure MPa a Pbburst test pressure MPa a Pb,actactual burst test pressure MPa a Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 18/07/2011 07:53, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN 15776:2011EN 15776:2011 (E) 9 Table 1 (co
48、ntinued) Symbol Quantity Unit PD,pd design pressure MPa a Pmaxmaximum permissible pressure b MPa a PS,psmaximum allowable pressure bbar a PT, pt test pressurebMPaRmminimum tensile strength MPa R*maverage tensile strength of three test bars taken from the same cast for design according to DBE route M
49、Pa Rp0,2minimum 0,2 % - proof strength MPa Rp0,2/Tminimum 0,2 % - proof strength at temperature T in degrees Celsius MPa Rz surface roughness parameter peak to - valley height m RM material strength parameter MPa S safety factor TSmax, TSminmaximum / minimum allowable temperature C V volume L P pressure range MPa aPi pressure cycle amplitude allowable stress range MPa * pseudo elastic stress range MPa Cutcut-off limit MPa Dendurance
