1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN 15999-1:2014Conservation of culturalheritage Guidelines fordesign of showcases forexhibition and preservation ofobjectsPart 1: General requirementsBS EN 15999-1:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 15999-1:2014.The
2、UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/560, Conservation of tangible cultural heritage.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a con
3、tract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 78962 5ICS 97.195Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authori
4、ty of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS EN 15999-1:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 15999-1 March 2014 ICS 97.195 English Version Conservation of cultural heritage - Guidelines for design of sho
5、wcases for exhibition and preservation of objects - Part 1: General requirements Conservation des biens culturels - Guide pour la gestion des conditions environnementales - Recommandations pour les vitrines destines exposer et prserver des biens culturels - Partie 1: Exigences gnrales Erhaltung des
6、kulturellen Erbes - Leitfaden fr die Konstruktion von Schauvitrinen zur Ausstellung und Erhaltung von Objekten - Teil 1: Allgemeine AnforderungenThis European Standard was approved by CEN on 4 January 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the
7、 conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard
8、exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national
9、 standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovaki
10、a, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means r
11、eserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN 15999-1:2014 EBS EN 15999-1:2014EN 15999-1:2014 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3 Introduction .4 1 Scope 5 2 Normative references 5 3 Terms and definitions .5 4 Principles and components of a showcase 6 4.1 Functions of the showcase .6 4.2 Criter
12、ia for design or selection of a showcase .6 4.3 Components of the showcase 7 4.3.1 General 7 4.3.2 Display space .7 4.3.3 Technical compartments 8 4.3.4 Base and mounting of the showcase 8 4.3.5 Lining of the display space and supports for the object .8 4.4 Security and safety 8 4.5 Construction mat
13、erials, assembly and fixing .9 4.5.1 Characteristics of constituent materials .9 4.5.2 Assembly and fixing 9 4.6 Management of the environmental conditions .9 4.6.1 Microclimate .9 4.6.2 Lighting 10 4.7 Pollutants, dust and microorganisms 11 4.8 Location of use and maintenance of the showcase 11 Bib
14、liography . 12 BS EN 15999-1:2014EN 15999-1:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN 15999-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 346 “Conservation of Cultural Heritage”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, e
15、ither by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by September 2014, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 2014. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. C
16、EN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. EN 15999, Conservation of cultural heritage - Guidelines for design of showcases for exhibition and preservation of objects, consists of the following parts: Part 1: General requirements; Part 2: Technical
17、 requirements. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedon
18、ia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. BS EN 15999-1:2014EN 15999-1:2014 (E) 4 Introduction The main purpose of
19、 a showcase is to reduce the risk of physical damage (e.g. theft, vandalism, natural disasters) and to improve the control of environmental parameters (relative humidity, air temperature, dust, pollutants and light) to cultural heritage objects. Better knowledge of the material properties of cultura
20、l heritage objects and their interaction with the environment is leading to better preservation. In light of this new knowledge, and in order to prevent risk of decay related to the exhibitions, the showcase is a useful tool to preserve and protect objects. With increasing development of cultural to
21、urism, the number of exhibitions and visitors are likely to continue to grow and place greater burdens on cultural heritage objects. The complexity and the number of variables and their possible incidence require the use of a showcase, adapted to the object and the environment where the showcase is
22、situated. A badly constructed or selected showcase can in some circumstances make conditions worse for the object. The design of showcases need to take account of the shared views of all relevant members of an exhibition team, including for example curators, conservators, scientists, architects, gra
23、phic designers, lighting experts and other decision makers. This European Standard will consist of the following parts: Conservation of cultural heritage Guidelines for design of showcases for exhibition and preservation of objects Part 1: General instructions Conservation of cultural heritage Guide
24、lines for design of showcases for exhibition and preservation of objects Part 2: Technical aspects BS EN 15999-1:2014EN 15999-1:2014 (E) 5 1 Scope This European Standard specifies the characteristics and the conditions for use of showcases for safe and secure display of cultural heritage objects, re
25、ducing environmental interaction and complying with the requirements for better preservation. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited appli
26、es. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. EN 15898:2011, Conservation of cultural property - Main general terms and definitions 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in EN 15898:2
27、011 and the following apply. 3.1 accessibility physical capability of intervention in a showcase for such purposes as handling of an object, technical intervention and maintenance 3.2 air exchange airflow through gaps and small openings of the display space to the outside of the closed showcase 3.3
28、buffer material, which resists change of relative humidity, acidity, or pollutants concentration by absorbing or desorbing vapours, gases or ions 3.4 display space space in the showcase where the objects are displayed and which may contain other elements such as panels, supports, graphics, monitorin
29、g equipment etc 3.5 indoor climate description of climate inside the building relevant to the preservation of an object or to human comfort 3.6 microclimate climate in the display space of the showcase 3.7 mounting system to allow an object to be supported or fixed 3.8 pollutants gaseous or particul
30、ate chemical contaminants induced into the environment, which can generate corrosion, incrustation, colour fading, soiling, deterioration or other forms of damage to the object on display BS EN 15999-1:2014EN 15999-1:2014 (E) 6 3.9 safety pertaining to human health, in the context of enclosures, ens
31、uring they are physically stable and cannot topple, have safety glass that cannot be broken easily, do not generate atmospheres within them that are hazardous to health during usage or similar 3.10 security protection against theft and physical damage 3.11 showcase enclosure of any dimension, design
32、ed to preserve and display objects in specific safe and secure conditions Note 1 to entry: The term “display case” is sometimes used as a synonym. 3.12 support construction, material or device to hold and support an object without interference or damage and designed to provide stability to an object
33、 4 Principles and components of a showcase 4.1 Functions of the showcase The fundamental functions of a showcase are: a) to display an object, b) to protect an object, c) to ensure preservation and minimize damage to and deterioration of an object. 4.2 Criteria for design or selection of a showcase
34、The design, the adaptation or the choice of a showcase shall be determined by the nature of the objects, the characteristics of the exhibition area and by the need of showing an object in safe and secure conditions, while at the same time providing the conditions needed for the preservation of the o
35、bject. Furthermore, it shall conform to relevant national health and safety regulations. It is necessary to take into account: a) the characteristics of the object: 1) dimensions (height, width, depth) and weight, 2) physical, chemical, and structural nature, 3) brittleness and sensitivity in relati
36、on to its past material history, 4) monetary value and the attractiveness of the object for thieves; b) management policies for collections and objects: 1) frequency of turnover or rotation of objects between storage and display, 2) duration of exhibition, BS EN 15999-1:2014EN 15999-1:2014 (E) 7 3)
37、handling of objects, 4) maintenance of the showcase and emergency planning; c) maintenance and interior cleaning of the showcase as this shall be safe and easy to carry out without danger to the objects; d) placement of the object in the context of the exhibition; e) the design and display requireme
38、nts, including aesthetic considerations relevant to the appearance and the viewers perceptions of the content; f) the showcase and the public in relation to stability, safety, security, sufficient space for circulation, lighting; g) environmental characteristics of the area, where the showcase will
39、be located: 1) room, 2) building, 3) geographical environment (e.g. vibrations from traffic, seismic activity, flooding); h) the placing or removal of the object observing security and without risk to the object itself, nearby objects or the staff; i) sustainability: 1) the future use of the showcas
40、e, including its usability for other displays, whether complete or by using its components, 2) the carbon footprint of its materials and production processes, 3) the suitability of systems and components for maintaining the required environmental criteria (e.g. use of fans or other air conditioning
41、devices or the re-conditioning of buffer materials). 4.3 Components of the showcase 4.3.1 General A showcase normally consists of: a) a display space for the objects, including security devices, b) technical compartments with devices for control of environmental factors (lighting, microclimate, poll
42、utants, etc.), and security devices, c) a base or mounting of the showcase to ensure stability, d) lining of the display space and supports for the object. 4.3.2 Display space The display space presenting the object is surrounded by walls, of which at least one (minimum) is transparent. BS EN 15999-
43、1:2014EN 15999-1:2014 (E) 8 The dimensions of the display space take into account the size of the object, its preservation needs, supports and mountings, the accessibility and other exhibition elements such as panels and graphics, etc. The contact between the leaf, door or opening panel and the fram
44、e maintains an appropriate seal. The opening gives sufficient access to the display space for safe handling of the objects and maintenance of the display space. The showcase shall remain stable during opening and when it is fully opened. The display space provides room for the installation of sensor
45、s/devices to monitor the microclimate or other internal environmental factors and facilitate the collection of data. Display space needs to be secure. 4.3.3 Technical compartments The technical compartments are defined as that part of the showcase, where the required devices dedicated to control of
46、environmental factors (lighting, microclimate, pollutants, etc.), and security are located. A showcase can consist of one or more technical compartments. The technical compartment (excluding compartment for buffer materials and climate control devices) shall be isolated from the display space and th
47、e objects. In order to reduce the risk of transfer of heat, pollutants or vibrations produced by components in the technical compartment (light, climate, etc.), it should be isolated from the display case. If necessary, it has its own ventilation. The technical compartments can be accessed separatel
48、y for maintenance without allowing access to the display space. 4.3.4 Base and mounting of the showcase The base shall be strong and large enough to ensure the stability and balance of the showcase. If this is not possible, the showcase shall be fixed to the floor or the wall or shall be weighted to
49、 increase stability. Mounting of the showcase takes into account the weight of the showcase, its contents and the quality of the substrate (e.g. wall or floor). The base, plinth or any other form of mounting shall limit vibrations transmitted from floors or walls into the display space. 4.3.5 Lining of the display space and supports for the object All linings and supports in the display space should be chemically stable, if relevant pre-tested for non-emission of harmful vapours and be easy to maintain and/or replace. The supports shall maintain the physica
