1、BRITISH STANDARD BS EN ISO 3378:2002 Incorporating Corrigendum No. 1 Leather Physical and mechanical tests Determination of resistance to grain cracking and grain crack index The European Standard EN ISO 3378:2002 has the status of a British Standard ICS 59.140.30 BS EN ISO 3378:2002 This British St
2、andard, having been prepared under the direction of the Materials and Chemicals Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 16 January 2003 BSI 17 September 2003 ISBN 0 580 41092 7 National foreword This British Standard i
3、s the official English language version of EN ISO 3378:2002. It is identical with ISO 3378:2002. It supersedes method 7 of BS 3144:1968, which is deleted by amendment. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/69, Footwear and leather, which has the responsibil
4、ity to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “Internat
5、ional Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of the BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online. This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a Briti
6、sh Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and
7、 European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 6, the Annex ZA page and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice display
8、ed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date Comments 14712 Corrigendum No. 1 17 September 2003 Correction to the EN ISO foreword page and incorporating the Annex ZA pageEUROPEANSTANDARD NORMEEUROPENNE EUROPISCHENORM ENISO3378 Dec
9、ember2002 ICS59.140.30 Englishversion LeatherPhysicalandmechanicaltestsDeterminationof resistancetograincrackingandgraincrackindex(ISO 3378:2002) CuirEssaisphysiquesetmcaniquesDterminationde larsistancelageruredelafleuretindicedegerure (ISO3378:2002) LederPhysikalischeundmechanischePrfungen Bestimmu
10、ngderWiderstandesgegenNarbenplatzenund desNarbenbruchindex(ISO3378:2002) ThisEuropeanStandardwasapprovedbyCENon9September2002. CENmembersareboundtocomplywiththeCEN/CENELECInternalRegulationswhichstipulatetheconditionsforgivingthisEurope an Standardthestatusofanationalstandardwithoutanyalteration.Upt
11、odatelistsandbibliographicalreferencesconcernings uchnational standardsmaybeobtainedonapplicationtotheManagementCentreortoanyCENmember. ThisEuropeanStandardexistsinthreeofficialversions(English,French,German).Aversioninanyotherlanguagemadebytra nslation undertheresponsibilityofaCENmemberintoitsownla
12、nguageandnotifiedtotheManagementCentrehasthesamestatusasthe official versions. CENmembersarethenationalstandardsbodiesofAustria,Belgium,CzechRepublic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece, Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg,Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandUnitedKingdom. EU
13、ROPEANCOMMITTEEFORSTANDARDIZATION COMITEUROPENDENORMALISATION EUROPISCHESKOMITEEFRNORMUNG ManagementCentre:ruedeStassart,36B1050Brussels 2002CEN Allrightsofexploitationinanyformandbyanymeansreserved worldwideforCENnationalMembers. Ref.No.ENISO3378:2002ECORRECTED20030827 Foreword Thisdocument(ENISO33
14、78:2002)hasbeenpreparedbyTechnicalCommitteeCEN/TC289 “Leather“,thesecretariatofwhichisheldbyUNI,incollaborationwiththeInternationalUnionof LeatherTechnologistsandChemistsSocieties(IULTCS). ItisbasedonMethodIUP12oftheInternationalUnionofLeatherTechnologistsandChemists Societies. ThisEuropeanStandards
15、hallbegiventhestatusofanationalstandard,eitherbypublicationof anidenticaltextorbyendorsement,atthelatestbyJune2003,andconflictingnational standardsshallbewithdrawnatthelatestbyJune2003. AccordingtotheCEN/CENELECInternalRegulations,thenationalstandardsorganizationsof thefollowingcountriesareboundtoim
16、plementthisEuropeanStandard:Austria,Belgium,Czech Republic,Denmark,Finland,France,Germany,Greece,Iceland,Ireland,Italy,Luxembourg, Malta,Netherlands,Norway,Portugal,Spain,Sweden,SwitzerlandandtheUnitedKingdom. Endorsementnotice ThetextofISO3378:2002hasbeenapprovedbyCENasENISO3378:2002withoutany modi
17、fications. NOTENormativereferencestoInternationalStandardsarelistedinAnnexZA(normative). ENISO3378:2002 Reference number ISO 3378:2002(E) IULTCS/IUP 12INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 3378 IULTCS/IUP 12 Second edition 2002-12-15 Leather Physical and mechanical tests Determination of resistance to grain cr
18、acking and grain crack index Cuir Essais physiques et mcaniques Dtermination de la rsistance la gerure de la fleur et indice de gerure ENISO3378:2002ENISO3378:2002iiIS:8733 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1Scope1 2Normative references1 3Principle1 4Apparatus.1 5Sa
19、mpling andsamp lep reparation.3 6Procedure.3 7Expressiono f results3 8Testrepor t4 AnnexA (informative) Thederi vationo fagrain crack index5 Annex B (informative) Sou rceso fappa ratus.6 ENISO3378:2002iiiIS:8733 O2002(E) vi I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevrForeword ISO (the International Organization fo
20、r Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the
21、 right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Internati
22、onal Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication
23、as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.
24、ISO 3378 was prepared by the Physical Test Commission of the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUP Commission, IULTCS) in collaboration with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289, Leather, the secretariat of which is held b
25、y UNI, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). It is based on IUP 12 originally published in J. Soc. Leather Trades Chemists 44, p. 380, (1960) and declared an official method of the IULTCS in 1961. This updated version was published in J. So
26、c. Leather Tech. Chem. 84, p. 347, (2000) and reconfirmed as an official method in March 2001. This same principle is used but the text has been updated and includes the number of test pieces to be taken. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 3378:1975), which has been tech
27、nically revised. ENISO3378:2002ivINTENRATIONAL TSANDADR IS:8733 O2002(E)I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 1Leather Physical and mechanical tests Determination of resistance to grain cracking and grain crack index 1 Scope ThisInternationalStandardspecifiesa methodfordeterminingtheresistanceofleathertogra
28、incrackingandfor determiningthegraincrackindex.Itisapplicabletoallheavyleathers. ISO2 418Leather C hemical, physicala nd mechanical,a ndfa stnesste sts Samplinglocation ISO2 419LeatherPhysicalandmechanicaltestsSamplepreparationandconditioning ISO2 589Leather Physical and mechanical tests Dete rminat
29、ion oft hickness 3Principle Asampleofleatherisbent,grainoutwards,aroundamandrelofknowndiameterundertheminimumforce requiredtokeeptheleatherandmandrelincontact.Thegrainiskeptunderobservationandanycrackingnoted. 4Apparatus 4.1 Testmachine ,including4.2to4.4. 4.2 Clamp,orotherdevice,whichrigidlyholdson
30、eendofthetestpiece. 4.3 Cylindricalroller ,diameter25,0mm 0,5mmfittedwithahandleperpendiculartotheaxiswiththeposition oftherollerbeingadjustablewithrespecttoitspositiononthehandle. 4.4 Setofmandrels ,withdiametersgiveninTable1. Table1Diameterofmandrels Mandrelnumber Diameter mm 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 61,67
31、 0,03 35,00 0,03 23,57 0,03 17,22 0,03 13,18 0,03 10,38 0,03 8,33 0,03 6,76 0,03 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the r
32、eferenced document (including any amendments) applies. ENISO3378:20021IS:8733 O2002(E) 2 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr4.5 Thegeneralarrangement ,issuchthattheroller(4.3)andmandrel(4.4)makecontactwiththegrainand fleshsurfacerespectivelyofthemiddleportionofthetestpieceacrossitsfullwidth.Ensuretheaxiso
33、fboththe mandrelandtherollerisperpendiculartothelengthofthetestpiece.Fixtheaxisofthemandrelrelativetothe clampandfixtheaxleoftherollertoahandlepivotedattheaxisofthemandrel.Ensuretherelativepositionofthe clamp, roller and mandrel isad justable sot hat the test piece is not subjected to any distortion
34、 when in contact with themandrelandrollerpriortothestartofthetest. Figure 1 shows in plan viewt he relativepo sitiono ft he clamp (4.2), roller (4.3)a nd mandrel (4.4) Key 1 Roller 2 Specimen 3 M andrel 4 Clamp 5 Positionsat beginningo fte st 6 Positionsat endo fte st Figure1Positionsofclamp,rollera
35、ndmandrel 4.6 Pressknife ,theinnerwallofwhichisarectangleofwidth25mm 1mmandminimumlength150mmas specified in ISO 2419. 4.7Thickness gauge,a s specified in ISO2 589. ENISO3378:20022IS:8733 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 35 Samplingandsamplepreparation 5.1SampleinaccordancewithISO2418.From the
36、 sample, cutsixtestpiecesbyapplyingthepressknife(4.6) to the grain surface, three testpieces with thelongersides paralleltothebackbone and threetestpieces with the longer sides perpendicular tot he backbone. NOTE Ifthereisarequirementformorethantwohidesorskinstobetestedinonebatch,thenonly one test p
37、ieceineach directionneedbetakenfromeachhideorskin,providedthattheoveralltotalisnotlessthanthreetestpiecesineachdire ction. 5.2Condition the test pieces ina ccordance with ISO2 419. 5.3Determineth et hicknesso fthete stp iecesin accordance with ISO2 589. 6Procedure 6.1 Adjustmentoftheapparatus 6.1.1
38、Placetherequiredmandrelinthemachine. 6.1.2 Clamponeendofthetestpieceinposition.Adjusttherelativepositionoftheclampandmandrelsothat thefleshsideoftheleatherisincontactwiththemandrel. 6.1.3 Attachthehandle(4.3)totheaxisofthemandrelandadjustthepositionoftherolleruntiltherollertouches thegrainsurfaceoft
39、heleather.Locktheaxleoftherollerinthisposition. 6.2 Resistancetograincrackingusingagivenmandrel 6.2.1 Withthetestpieceandrequiredmandrelinposition(6.1),turnthehandlethrough180in5s 1sthus bendingthetestpiecegrainoutwardsaroundthemandrel.Duringthebendingobservethegrainandnoteany cracking. 6.2.2 Repeat
40、withothermandrelsifrequired. 6.3 Determinationofgraincrackindex 6.3.1 Usingeachofthenumberedmandrelsinturn,startingwithno1,carryouttheproceduredescribedin6.1 and6.2.1.Notethenumberofthelargestmandrelwhichcausesgraincracking. 7 Expressionofresults 7.1 Iftheresistancetocrackingoveraspecifiedmandrelisd
41、etermined,theresultisexpressedasapassor failure. 7.2 Ifthegraincrackindexisdetermined ,multiplythenumber, n,ofthelargestmandrelwhichcausescracking bythethickness, t,ofthetestpiece,inmillimetres,toobtainthegraincrackindex, n t.Ifthegraincrackswhen theleatherisbeingbentroundthelargestmandrel(mandrelno
42、1),thegraincrackindexshallbeexpressedas “lessthan1,5 t”(not t).Similarily,ifthegrainfailstocrackwhenbentroundthesmallestmandrel(mandrelno8) thecrackindexshallbeexpressedas“greaterthan8,5 t”(not8 t). ENISO3378:20023IS:8733 O2002(E) 4 I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr8 Testreport Thetestreportshallcontain
43、thefollowingforeachtestpiece: a) referencetot his International Standard, i.e. ISO 3378 :2 002; b) iftheleatherwastestedoveraspecifiedmandrel(ormandrels)ofspecifieddiameter,thediameterofthe mandrelsandwhetherthesamplespassedorfailed; c) thegraincrackindex,ifdetermined; d) thestandardatmosphereusedfo
44、rconditioningandtestingasgiveninISO2419(i.e.,20C/65%relative humidityor23C/50%relativehumidity); e) any deviations fromthe method specified in this International Standard; f) fulld etails forid entificationo fthe sample and any deviation fromIS O 2418 with respectto sampling. ENISO3378:20024IS:8733 O2002(E) I SO 2002 All irthgs ersedevr 5AnnexA (informative) Thederivationofagraincrackindex A.1 Thediametersofthesetofmandrelsarechosensothatbendinga5mmthickleatherroundthemcauses extensionsofthegrainof(5 n+2,5)%,iftheneutralaxisoftheleatherisassumedtobemidwaybetweenthegrain andfleshsurfacein
