1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 3405:2011BS 2000-123:2011Petroleum products Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure (ISO 3405:2011)Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE C
2、HINA STANDARDS, 31/05/2011 04:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 3405:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 3405:2011.It supersedes BS EN ISO 3405:2000 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalC
3、ommittee PTI/13, Petroleum Testing and Terminology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.Energy Institute, under the brand of IP, publishes and sells all Parts of BS 2000, and all BS EN petroleum test methods that would be Part of BS 2000, b
4、oth in its annual publication “Standard methods for analysis and testing of petroleum and related products and British Standard 2000 Parts” and individually.Further information is available from:Energy Institute, 61 New Cavendish Street, London W1G 7AR.Tel: 020 7467 7100. Fax: 020 7255 1472.This pub
5、lication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2011 ISBN 978 0 580 66081 8 ICS 75.080 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the a
6、uthority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2011. Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dLicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 31/05/2011 04:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 3405
7、January 2011 ICS 75.080 Supersedes EN ISO 3405:2000English Version Petroleum products - Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure (ISO 3405:2011) Produits ptroliers - Dtermination des caractristiques de distillation pression atmosphrique (ISO 3405:2011) Minerallerzeugniss
8、e - Bestimmung des Destillationsverlaufes bei Atmosphrendruck (ISO 3405:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 31 December 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a nat
9、ional standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A ve
10、rsion in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus,
11、 Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT
12、 EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 3405:2011: ELicensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARD
13、S, 31/05/2011 04:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 3405:2011EN ISO 3405:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 3405:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28 “Petroleum products and lubricants“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 19 “Gaseous and liquid fuels, lub
14、ricants and related products of petroleum, synthetic and biological origin” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2011, and conflicting nati
15、onal standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes
16、 EN ISO 3405:2000. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungar
17、y, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 3405:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 3405:2011 without any modificatio
18、n. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 31/05/2011 04:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 3405:2011ISO 3405:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword .v Introductionvi 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Principle .3 5 Apparatus.3
19、5.1 General .3 5.2 Distillation flasks.4 5.3 Condenser tube and cooling bath .4 5.4 Metal shield or enclosure for flask (manual apparatus only) .8 5.5 Heat source 8 5.6 Flask support .8 5.7 Graduated cylinders8 5.8 Temperature measurement system.9 5.9 Centring device10 5.10 Barometer.10 6 Samples an
20、d sampling11 6.1 Sample grouping .11 6.2 Sample maintenance prior to testing 12 6.3 Removing water from sample 13 7 Preparation of apparatus13 8 Apparatus verification.15 8.1 Level follower.15 8.2 Electronic temperature-measurement devices 15 8.3 Electronic pressure-measuring device .16 9 Procedure
21、Manual apparatus 16 10 Procedure Automated apparatus18 11 Calculations .20 12 Expression of results22 13 Precision Manual apparatus 23 13.1 General .23 13.2 Repeatability 24 13.3 Reproducibility 24 14 Precision Automated apparatus25 14.1 General .25 14.2 Repeatability 25 14.3 Reproducibility 25 14.4
22、 Bias .26 15 Test report26 Annex A (normative) Thermometer specifications .27 Annex B (normative) Determination of temperature-sensor lag times .28 Annex C (normative) Determination of specified distillation data.29 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 31/05/2011 04:17, Uncontrolle
23、d Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 3405:2011ISO 3405:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reservedAnnex D (informative) Examples of data calculations 31 Annex E (informative) Emulation of emergent-stem errors . 34 Annex F (informative) Examples of test reports . 35 Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDA
24、RDS, 31/05/2011 04:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 3405:2011ISO 3405:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standar
25、ds is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take
26、 part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is
27、to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility
28、 that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 3405 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 28, Petroleum products and lubricants. This fourth edition cancels and replaces the th
29、ird edition (ISO 3405:2000), which has been technically revised. It has been aligned with ASTM D861). 1) ASTM D86, Standard Method for Distillation of Petroleum Products at Atmospheric Pressure. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 31/05/2011 04:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN
30、ISO 3405:2011ISO 3405:2011(E) vi ISO 2011 All rights reservedIntroduction The distillation (volatility) characteristics of hydrocarbons have an important effect on their safety and performance, especially in the case of fuels and solvents. The boiling range gives important information on composition
31、 and behaviour during storage and use, and the rate of evaporation is an important factor in the application of many solvents. Limiting values to specified distillation characteristics are applied to most distillate petroleum product specifications in order to control end-use performance and to regu
32、late the formation of vapours which may form explosive mixtures with air or otherwise escape into the atmosphere as emissions (volatile organic compounds or VOCs). Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 31/05/2011 04:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 3405:2011INTERNATIONAL STAN
33、DARD ISO 3405:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Petroleum products Determination of distillation characteristics at atmospheric pressure WARNING The use of this International Standard may involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This International Standard does not purport to addre
34、ss all of the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a l
35、aboratory test method, utilizing either manual or automated equipment, for determining the distillation characteristics of light and middle distillates derived from petroleum and having initial boiling points above 0 C and end points below approximately 400 C. Light distillates are typically automot
36、ive engine petrols, automotive engine petrols with up to 10 % (V/V) ethanol and aviation petrols. Middle distillates are aviation turbine fuels, kerosenes, diesel, diesel with up to 20 % (V/V) FAME (fatty acid methylesters), burner fuels and marine fuels that have no appreciable quantities of residu
37、a. NOTE For the purposes of this International Standard, “% (V/V)” is used to represent the volume fraction of a material. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undat
38、ed references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 918, Volatile organic liquids for industrial use Determination of distillation characteristics ISO 3170, Petroleum liquids Manual sampling ISO 3171, Petroleum liquids Automatic pipeline sampling ISO
39、4259, Petroleum products Determination and application of precision data in relation to methods of test ISO 4788:2005, Laboratory glassware Graduated measuring cylinders 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 decomposition point ther
40、mometer reading (corrected) which coincides with the first indications of thermal decomposition of the liquid in the flask NOTE Characteristic indications of thermal decomposition are an evolution of fumes and erratic thermometer readings which usually show a decided decrease after any attempt has b
41、een made to adjust the heat. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 31/05/2011 04:17, Uncontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 3405:2011ISO 3405:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved3.2 dry point thermometer reading (corrected) that is observed at the instant the last drop of liquid evap
42、orates from the lowest point in the flask, any drops or film of liquid on the side of the flask or on the thermometer being disregarded NOTE The end point (final boiling point), rather than the dry point, is intended for general use. The dry point can be reported in connection with special purpose n
43、aphthas, such as those used in the paint industry. It is substituted for the end point (final boiling point) whenever the sample is of such a nature that the precision of the end point cannot consistently meet the precision requirements given in Clause 13 or 14. 3.3 end point final boiling point max
44、imum thermometer reading (corrected) obtained during the test NOTE This usually occurs after evaporation of all liquid from the bottom of the flask. 3.4 initial boiling point thermometer reading (corrected) that is observed at the instant the first drop of condensate falls from the lower end of the
45、condenser tube 3.5 percent evaporated sum of the percent recovered and the percent loss 3.6 percent loss front-end loss amount of uncondensed material lost in the initial stages of the distillation, equal to 100 % minus the total recovery 3.7 corrected loss percent loss corrected for barometric pres
46、sure 3.8 percent recovered volume of condensate observed in the receiving cylinder at any point in the distillation in connection with a simultaneous temperature reading NOTE It is expressed as a percentage of the charge volume. 3.9 percent recovery maximum percent recovered, as observed in accordan
47、ce with this International Standard NOTE See 9.10. 3.10 percent residue volume of residue measured in accordance with this International Standard NOTE 1 See 9.11. NOTE 2 It is expressed as a percentage of the charge volume. Licensed Copy: Wang Bin, ISO/EXCHANGE CHINA STANDARDS, 31/05/2011 04:17, Unc
48、ontrolled Copy, (c) BSIBS EN ISO 3405:2011ISO 3405:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 33.11 percent total recovery combined percent recovery and residue in the flask, as determined in accordance with this International Standard NOTE See 10.1. 3.12 thermometer reading temperature recorded by the se
49、nsor of the saturated vapour, measured in the neck of the flask below the vapour tube and under the specified conditions of this test 3.13 temperature reading thermometer reading or other temperature measurement device reading which is corrected to 101,3 kPa barometric pressure 3.14 emergent-stem effect offset in temperature reading caused by the use of a total immersion mercury-in-glass thermometer in the partial immersion mode NOTE The emergent part of the mercury column is at a lower temperature than the imm
