1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58by transmitted lightThe European Standard EN ISO 5350-2:2006 has the status of a British StandardIC
2、S 85.040Pulps Estimation of dirt and shives Part 2: Inspection of mill sheeted pulp BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 5350-2:2006BS EN ISO 5350-2:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2006 BSI 2006ISBN 0 580 49330 XAmendments
3、 issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsThis publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Sta
4、ndard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of EN ISO 5350-2:2006. It supersedes BS EN ISO 5350-2:1998 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PAI/11, Methods of test for paper, board and pulps.A list of organizations represented on
5、 PAI/11 can be obtained on request to its secretary.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 5350-2August 2006ICS 85.040 Supersedes EN ISO 5350-2:1998 English VersionPulps - Estimation of dirt and shives - Part 2: Inspection of millsheeted pulp by transmitted light (ISO 5350-2:2006)Ptes
6、 - Estimation des impurets et bchettes - Partie 2:Examen des ptes en feuilles par lumire transmise (ISO5350-2:2006)Faserstoff - Bewertung von Schmutz und Splittern - Teil 2:Prfung von Handelszellstoff in Bogenform mit demDurchlicht-Verfahren (ISO 5350-2:2006)This European Standard was approved by CE
7、N on 14 August 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards ma
8、y be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Centr
9、al Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland
10、, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any me
11、ans reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 5350-2:2006: EForeword This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be wit
12、hdrawn This document supersedes EN ISO 5350-2:1998. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the followingcountries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Polan
13、d, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 5350-2:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 5350-2:2006 without any modifications.EN ISO 5350-2:2006This document (EN ISO 5350-2:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committ
14、ee ISO/TC 6 “Paper, board and pulps“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 172 “Pulp, paper and board“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN. at the latest by February 2007. Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Referen
15、ce numberISO 5350-2:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO5350-2Third edition2006-08-15Pulps Estimation of dirt and shives Part 2: Inspection of mill sheeted pulp by transmitted light Ptes Estimation des impurets et bchettes Partie 2: Examen des ptes en feuilles par lumire transmise EN ISO 5350-2:2006ii
16、iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle. 2 5 Apparatus 2 6 Sampling and preparation of test pieces . 2 6.1 Sampling 2 6.2 Selection of test pieces for inspection. 2 7 Procedure 3 7.1 Determination of dry matter content
17、. 3 7.2 Wetting of the test pieces 3 7.3 Examination. 3 7.4 Classification of contraries 3 8 Expression of results . 4 8.1 Calculation. 4 8.2 Results . 4 8.3 Precision 4 9 Test report . 5 Annex A (normative) Comparison chart 6 Annex B (informative) Instrumental procedure. 8 Bibliography . 11 EN ISO
18、5350-2:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject
19、 for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
20、on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees
21、 are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be hel
22、d responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 5350-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 6, Paper, board and pulps, Subcommittee SC 5, Test methods and quality specifications for pulps. This third edition cancels and replaces the second edition (ISO 5350-2:1998, ISO 5350-2:
23、1998/Cor.1:1999), which has been technically revised. With regard to ISO 5350-2:1998 and Technical Corrigendum 1:1999, the following changes have been made: a) a note for problems concerning thick sheets has been added to the scope; b) a more precise description of the instrumental procedure in info
24、rmative Annex B was given; c) editorial updating. ISO 5350 consists of the following parts, under the general title Pulps Estimation of dirt and shives: Part 1: Inspection of laboratory sheets by transmitted light Part 2: Inspection of mill sheeted pulp by transmitted light Part 3: Visual inspection
25、 by reflected light using Equivalent Black Area (EBA) method Part 4: Instrumental inspection by reflected light using Equivalent Black Area (EBA) method EN ISO 5350-2:2006vIntroduction This part of ISO 5350 is based upon visual inspection. Informative Annex B is used when the inspection is performed
26、 by instrumental devices. For the time being, though, visual inspection provides the basis for this part of ISO 5350. This will eventually be changed when more experience with instrumental devices is gained, and it has been shown that such equipment can estimate dirt and shives to an acceptable leve
27、l of precision at least equal to visual inspection. Estimation of dirt and shives by a visual technique is a well-established method in the pulp and paper industry, and the estimation of these contraries is important for trade purposes. This part of ISO 5350 is complementary to ISO 5350-1, which con
28、cerns visual inspection of laboratory sheets by transmitted light, and ISO 5350-3, which concerns visual inspection by reflected light. ISO 5350-4 is based on automatic inspection by reflected light. EN ISO 5350-2:2006blank1Pulps Estimation of dirt and shives Part 2: Inspection of mill sheeted pulp
29、by transmitted light 1 Scope This part of ISO 5350 specifies a method for the estimation by transmitted light of the visible dirt and shives in pulp manufactured in sheets. It does not apply to unbleached kraft pulps or to any other sheeted pulps that are too opaque to allow for the estimation of th
30、e minimum size or for minimum contrast specks to be counted, in accordance with this part of ISO 5350. The maximum grammage for most pulp sheets is in the range 800 g/m2to 1 000 g/m2. If the sheets of the mill sheeted pulp have high grammage or are very opaque for other reasons, ISO 5350-1 should be
31、 applied. NOTE For thick sheets, with highly textured surfaces and/or with density variations, wetting the sheet will cause optical variations, called lens distortions, that will distort the perceived size of a dirt speck, thus reducing the precision of the size estimation. Alternatively, use ISO 53
32、50-1 to disintegrate the sheet and to prepare laboratory sheets for the size estimation. This part of ISO 5350 is not intended for recycled pulp. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition c
33、ited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 638, Pulps Determination of dry matter content ISO 7213, Pulps Sampling for testing 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitio
34、ns apply. 3.1 sheet a sheet of pulp taken from a bale, or a part of a roll of pulp 3.2 test piece an area taken for inspection EN ISO 5350-2:20062 3.3 contrary in pulp any unwanted particle, of specified minimum size and having a contrasting colour or opacity with respect to the surrounding area of
35、the sheet, according to the comparison chart given in Annex A 3.3.1 dirt any non-fibrous contrary 3.3.2 shive sliver of wood, or fibre bundle 4 Principle The test pieces to be examined are inspected in transmitted light. The area of all contraries larger than a specified value and showing contrastin
36、g opacity, with respect to the surrounding area of the test piece according to the comparison chart given in Annex A, is estimated. The estimated areas of the contraries are added, and the total area of dirt and shives is reported as square millimetres per kilogram of oven-dry pulp (mm2/kg). NOTE If
37、 required, the areas of dirt and shives in different classes can also be reported. 5 Apparatus 5.1 Viewing table, with an illumination device suitable for inspecting the test pieces in transmitted artificial daylight. The luminance, as measured at the surface of the viewing table, shall be 2 500 cd/
38、m2to 3 000 cd/m2. Daylight or direct light from any external source should be avoided. NOTE The luminance can be measured by a luminance meter. 5.2 Comparison chart: a transparent film with a series of black and grey spots of different shapes, areas and contrasts. This shall be used for visual inspe
39、ction or for calibration of an instrumental device. The chart is provided in normative Annex A. Do not use a photocopy of the chart in any inspection, because reproduction may change the size and contrast of the spots. 6 Sampling and preparation of test pieces 6.1 Sampling If the test is being made
40、to evaluate a pulp lot, the sample shall be selected in accordance with ISO 7213. If the test is made on another type of sample, report the source of the sample and, if possible, the sampling procedure used. From the sample received, select test pieces so that they are representative of the whole sa
41、mple. 6.2 Selection of test pieces for inspection In order to ensure that the results are representative of the sample received, take a number of test pieces evenly distributed over the different parts of the sheet, so that the total mass to be inspected is at least 300 g, the total area being not l
42、ess than 0,5 m2. EN ISO 5350-2:20063NOTE The specks may be unevenly distributed in the sheet and the result can vary considerably depending upon how the test pieces to be inspected are selected. It is important that the test pieces for inspection are distributed over the whole sheet if the sheet is
43、larger than 300 g. It is very time consuming to examine a pulp with a very high dirt count. If a preliminary test shows that the number of contraries exceeds 300 per kilogram of oven-dry pulp, the amount to be inspected can be reduced to 100 g of oven-dry pulp. This shall be reported with the result
44、s. 7 Procedure 7.1 Determination of dry matter content Determine the dry matter content of the test pieces in accordance with ISO 638. 7.2 Wetting of the test pieces Wet the test pieces evenly in order to make them transparent. Wetting of the test pieces may be omitted if the test pieces are transpa
45、rent enough to ensure that all contraries are visible, but omission of the wetting procedure shall be reported together with the results. Even with wetting of the test piece, the opacity of the pulp sheet may not allow for all of the contraries to be counted. To ensure that all contraries are visibl
46、e, mark a small contrary at the surface of the sheet and check the visibility of this contrary when viewing the sheet from the other side. 7.3 Examination Examine the test pieces (6.2) visually using the viewing table (5.1). Use the comparison chart in Annex A as an aid to estimate the area of each
47、speck. Only contraries having an area of W 0,04 mm2shall be noted. Size class 5 can be omitted, if agreed upon. Classify the contraries according to their area (see Table 1). Distinguish between dirt and shives, if required. Ensure that no contraries are counted twice. Do not count any atypical, non
48、-representative piece of dirt, such as a crushed insect or a blotch of dirt, but report it separately together with the result. 7.4 Classification of contraries It is usual to report only the total area of contraries, although when required the contrary area in each class can be reported. In this ca
49、se, the classification given in Table 1 shall be used. Size class 5 can be omitted, if agreed upon, but this shall be stated in the test report. Table 1 Recommended classification of contraries according to area Size class Area mm2Logarithmic mean area (AmaxAmin)/ln(Amax/Amin) mm21 above 5 2 1,00 to 4,99 2,482 3 0,40 to 0,99 0,651 4 0,15 to 0,39 0,251 5 0,04 to 0,14 0,080 EN ISO 5350-2:20064 Dirt and shives may be reported separately by agreement. 8 Expression of results 8.1 Calculation For all co
