1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationPipes and fittings made ofcrosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) Estimation of the degree of crosslinking by determination of the gel contentBS EN ISO 10147:2012Copyright European Commi
2、ttee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 10147:2012. It isidentical to ISO 10147:2011. It supersedes BS EN 579:1994 and B
3、S ISO10147:2011, which are withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteePRI/88, Plastics piping systems, to Subcommittee PRI/88/4, Test Methods -Plastic Piping.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.Th
4、is publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 77441 6ICS 23.040.20; 23.040.45Compliance with a British Standard canno
5、t confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2013.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 10147:2012Copyright European Committee for Standard
6、ization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10147 December 2012 ICS 23.040.20; 23.040.45 Supersedes EN 579:1993English Version Pipes and fittings made of cros
7、slinked polyethylene (PE-X) - Estimation of the degree of crosslinking by determination of the gel content (ISO 10147:2011) Tubes et raccords en polythylne rticul (PE-X) - Estimation du degr de rticulation par le mesurage du taux de gel (ISO 10147:2011) Rohre und Fittings aus vernetztem Polyethylen
8、(PE-X) - Berechnung des Grades der Vernetzung durch Bestimmung des Gel-Gehaltes (ISO 10147:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 August 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard th
9、e status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, Fren
10、ch, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
11、 Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey
12、and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO
13、10147:2012: EBS EN ISO 10147:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EN ISO 10147:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3BS EN ISO 10147:2012Copyright European Committee
14、for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EN ISO 10147:2012 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 10147:2011 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138 “Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for the tr
15、ansport of fluids” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 10147:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 155 “Plastics piping systems and ducting systems” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a n
16、ational standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent
17、rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 579:1993. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standa
18、rd: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spai
19、n, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 10147:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 10147:2012 without any modification. BS EN ISO 10147:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo r
20、eproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10147:2011(E)Pipes and fittings made of crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) Estimation of the degree of crosslinking by determination of the gel content1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies a method for th
21、e assessment of the degree of crosslinking in crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) pipes and fittings by determination of the gel content by solvent extraction.2 PrincipleThe mass of a test piece taken from a pipe or a fitting is measured before and after immersion of the test piece in a solvent for a sp
22、ecified period of time. The degree of crosslinking is expressed as the percentage by mass of the insoluble material.For the minimum applicable values for the degree of crosslinking refer to the product or system standards.3 Solvent3.1 Xylene, an isomeric mixture with a purity 98 % volume fraction an
23、d a boiling range of 137 C to 144 C, to which a 1 % volume fraction of antioxidant has been added.The antioxidant may be either 2,2-methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) or antioxidants based on 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate or a combination of these.WARNING Xylene is a harmf
24、ul and inflammable solvent that can be absorbed through the skin and, as such, should be handled carefully. Attention is drawn to any relevant regulations and associated exposure limits. Use only in a ventilated hood. Check the effectiveness of the hood before starting the test. Do not inhale the va
25、pour. The appropriate safety equipment should be worn. Excessive inhalation of the vapour may cause dizziness, headache or both. In the event of excessive vapour inhalation, seek fresh, clean air.4 ApparatusThe following apparatus is required in order to carry out the test.4.1 Reflux condenser, of t
26、he general type shown in Figure 1.4.2 Round-bottomed flask, of at least 500 ml capacity.4.3 Heating mantle, to fit the flask (4.2), and with sufficient heating capacity to boil xylene (boiling range: 137 C to 144 C).4.4 Cage, with lid, large enough to contain a test piece (see Clause 5).The cage sha
27、ll be made of wire cloth or mesh, of aluminium or stainless steel, with a pore size of (125 25) m and sufficient to retain the sample. The wire cloth or mesh shall be free of grease, oil or other contaminants soluble in xylene. If not, it shall be washed with acetone and dried before use.4.5 Lathe w
28、ith automatic feed, for machining out test pieces, or microtome or other suitable cutting tool. ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 10147:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without licen
29、se from IHS-,-,-Key1 identification tag and fine wire attached to cage2 stand3 ring clamp4 reflux condenser5 ground-glass joint or cork6 xylene7 wire cage enclosing test piece8 heating mantle9 wide-necked round-bottomed flask10 variable transformeraWater out.bWater in.Figure 1 Extraction apparatus4.
30、6 Vacuum oven or forced-ventilation oven, capable of maintaining the specified conditions (see 6.6).4.7 Balance, capable of weighing the cage, with or without a test piece, to an accuracy of 1 mg.ISO 10147:2011(E)2 ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10147:2012Copyright European Committee for Stan
31、dardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-5 Preparation of test piecesThe test pieces are prepared in accordance with the following instructions.Any protective layer on the pipe or test sample shall be removed
32、 prior to preparation of test pieces.Unless otherwise specified in the referring standard, at least two test pieces shall be prepared.Each test piece shall comprise a slice or shaving having a thickness of (0,2 0,02) mm, taken from a cross-section of the pipe or fitting to include the full wall thic
33、kness round at least one circumference unless specified otherwise by the referring standard. The mass of the test piece shall be 0,2 g.The degree of crosslinking can vary through the wall thickness of a pipe or fitting and therefore, for surface or midwall measurements, test pieces shall be machined
34、 accordingly.It is recommended that a lathe be used to machine test pieces from pipe. Alternatively, a microtome or other suitable cutting tool can be used to obtain the test pieces from fittings.6 Procedure6.1 Weigh a clean, dry cage including the lid (see 4.4), to an accuracy of 1 mg (mass m1).6.2
35、 Place a test piece in the cage, close the lid and weigh the cage and test piece together to an accuracy of 1 mg (mass m2).6.3 Place the cage and test piece in the flask (4.2) and ensure that there is sufficient xylene solvent to maintain total immersion and to provide a ratio by mass of solvent to
36、test piece of at least 200:1.The solvent can be re-used after distillation with the addition of a further 1 % volume fraction of antioxidant (3.1). In case of dispute, use a new or freshly distilled solution.6.4 Boil the solvent vigorously to ensure good agitation for 8 h 30 min.6.5 Carefully remove
37、 the cage and the residue of the test piece from the solution after the time specified in 6.4.CAUTION Take care when removing the cage from the boiling solution (see 3.1).6.6 Complete the drying of the residue, or cage, lid and residue, by placing them for at least 3 h in:a) either a vacuum oven (se
38、e 4.6), kept at (90 2) C under a vacuum (negative pressure) of at least 0,85 bar (85 kPa), i.e. approximately 0,15 bar absolute pressure or less; orb) a forced-ventilation oven (see 4.6), with an adequate extraction facility, kept at (140 2) C.6.7 Allow to cool to ambient temperature and weigh the r
39、esidue (mass m4) or the cage, lid and residue (mass m3) to an accuracy of 1 mg.7 Calculation and expression of resultsCalculate the degree of crosslinking, G, of the material in the individual test pieces as the percentage by mass of the insoluble material, using one of the following equations as ap
40、propriate:ISO 10147:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 10147:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-when only the residue was weighed:Gmm m=42 1100when
41、the cage, lid and residue were weighed:Gm mm m=3 12 1100wherem1is the mass of the cage and lid, in milligrams;m2is the mass of the original test piece, the cage and the lid, in milligrams;m3is the mass of the residue, cage and lid, in milligrams;m4is the mass of the residue, in milligrams.Express th
42、e result to the nearest whole number.The mass of any filler present in the material shall be taken into account.The average degree of crosslinking, Ga, can be calculated from the individual results of a number of samples.8 Test reportThe test report shall include the following information:a) a refer
43、ence to this International Standard, i.e ISO 10147, and, if applicable, to the standards making reference to this one;b) all details necessary for the identification of the test piece;c) the degree of crosslinking, G, for the individual test pieces and the average, Ga, stating the number of samples
44、tested;d) details of any variation in the specified procedure and of any abnormal behaviour observed during the test;e) the date of the test.ISO 10147:2011(E)4 ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10147:2012Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot f
45、or ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-This page deliberately left blankCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-This page deliberat
46、ely left blankCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publica
47、tions, information and services. It presents the UK view on standards in Europe and at the international level. BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter. British Standards and other standardisation products are published by BSI Standards Limited.British Standards Institution (BSI)raising standards world
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