1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58uncoated and coated low carbon steels using embossed projection(s)The European Standard EN ISO 1643
2、2:2007 has the status of a British StandardICS 25.160.10Resistance welding Procedure for projection welding of BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 16432:2007Incorporating amendment no. 1 (renumbers BS ISO 16432:2006 as BS EN ISO 16432:2007)BS EN ISO 16432:2007This British Standard was published under the auth
3、ority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 15 February 2006 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 59712 1Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments17294 31 August 2007 Renumbers BS ISO 16432:2006 as BS EN ISO 16432:2007contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Complia
4、nce with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 16432:2007. It is identical with ISO 16432:2006. It supersedes BS ISO 2630:1982 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted
5、 to Technical Committee WEE/29, Resistance welding.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 16432June 2007ICS
6、25.160.10English VersionResistance welding - Procedure for projection welding ofuncoated and coated low carbon steels using embossedprojection(s) (ISO 16432:2006)Soudage par rsistance - Mode opratoire de soudage parbossage(s) embouti(s) des aciers bas carbone revtus etnon revtus (ISO 16432:2006)Wide
7、rstandsschweien - Verfahren zum Buckelschweienvon niedriglegierten Sthlen mit oder ohne metallischemberzug (ISO 16432:2006)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 May 2007.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving thi
8、s EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (En
9、glish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
10、 Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONC
11、OMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2007 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 16432:2007: EForeword The text of ISO 16432:2006 has been prep
12、ared by IIW, International Institute of Welding, and has been taken over as EN ISO 16432:2007 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by
13、 endorsement, at the latest by December 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by December 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austri
14、a, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement not
15、ice The text of ISO 16432:2006 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 16432:2007 without any modification. EN ISO 16432:2007Reference numberISO 16432:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO16432First edition2006-02-01Resistance welding Procedure for projection welding of uncoated and coated low carbon steel
16、s using embossed projection(s) Soudage par rsistance Procdure pour le soudage par bossage(s) embouti(s) des aciers bas carbone revtus et non revtus EN ISO 16432:2007ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Symbols . 2 5 Materi
17、als 2 5.1 Form . 2 5.2 Steel grades. 3 5.3 Surface conditions 3 6 Component design and manufacture . 3 6.1 Component design . 3 6.1.1 General. 3 6.1.2 Placement of projections . 3 6.2 Projection dimensions . 4 6.2.1 General. 4 6.2.2 Dissimilar sheet thickness. 4 6.2.3 Multi-weld arrays. 5 6.3 Ancill
18、ary manufacturing considerations 5 7 Welding equipment. 5 7.1 Welding machine 5 7.2 Electrode assembly (tooling). 5 7.3 Design of electrode assembly. 5 7.3.1 Contact face 5 7.3.2 Electrode inserts. 5 7.3.3 Electrode cooling 6 7.3.4 Location of components (tooling). 6 7.3.5 Tooling design considerati
19、ons 6 8 Weld assessment Type tests 6 8.1 General. 6 8.2 Test requirements. 7 8.2.1 Weld diameter . 7 8.2.2 Weld fracture mode 7 8.2.3 Weld strength 7 8.2.4 Visual and metallographic examination . 8 8.3 Weld appearance Surface condition 8 8.4 Distortion . 8 9 Weld assessment Routine tests . 8 9.1 Gen
20、eral. 8 9.2 Frequency of testing. 9 10 Repair of non-conforming assemblies . 9 Annex A (informative) Recommendations for projection welding equipment. 10 Annex B (informative) Relationship between sheet thickness and projection diameter (derived from ISO 8167) 11 Annex C (informative) Typical projec
21、tion welding conditions. 12 Annex D (informative) Partial list of steel types applicable to the standard 14 Bibliography . 15 EN ISO 16432:2007iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of
22、preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental,
23、 in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main t
24、ask of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attent
25、ion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 16432 was prepared by the International Institute of Welding, recognized as an international standardiz
26、ing body in the field of welding in accordance with Council Resolution 42/1999. EN ISO 16432:2007vIntroduction Requests for official interpretations of provisions in this standard should be made in writing and sent to the ISO Central Secretariat who will forward them to the IIW Secretariat for an of
27、ficial response. EN ISO 16432:2007blank1Resistance welding Procedure for projection welding of uncoated and coated low carbon steels using embossed projection(s) 1 Scope This International Standard specifies requirements for embossed-resistance-projection welding in the fabrication of assemblies of
28、uncoated and metallic coated low carbon steel comprising two thicknesses of metal, where the maximum single sheet thickness of components to be welded is within the range 0,4 mm to 3 mm for the following materials: uncoated steels; hot-dip zinc or iron-zinc alloy (galvannealed) coated steel; electro
29、lytic zinc, zinc-iron, or zinc-nickel coated steel; aluminium coated steel; zinc-aluminium coated steel. Organic-coated or primer-coated steels are not covered by this International Standard. Guidelines for appropriate welding equipment and projection welding conditions for various coated steels are
30、 given in Annexes A to C. These are for guidance only and may need to be adapted to suit the specified service conditions of the fabrication, prevailing production conditions, type of welding equipment, mechanical and electrical characteristics of the welding machine, electrode configuration, and ma
31、terial. These requirements shall be taken from the relevant welding procedure specification for the application or procedure, where these exist. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition ci
32、ted applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 669, Resistance welding Resistance welding equipment Mechanical and electrical requirements ISO 5182:1991, Welding Materials for resistance welding electrodes and ancillary equi
33、pment ISO 8167, Projections for resistance welding ISO 10447, Welding Peel and chisel testing of resistance spot, projection and seam welds ISO 14270, Specimen dimensions and procedure for mechanized peel testing resistance spot, seam and embossed projection welds ISO 14272, Specimen dimensions and
34、procedure for cross tension testing resistance spot and embossed projection welds EN ISO 16432:20072 ISO 14273, Specimen dimensions and procedure for shear testing resistance spot, seam and embossed projection welds ISO 14329, Resistance welding Destructive tests of welds Failure types and geometric
35、 measurements for resistance spot, seam and projection welds ISO 15609-5, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials Welding procedure specification Part 5: Resistance welding ISO 15614-12, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials
36、 Welding procedure test Part 12: Spot, seam and projection welding 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 669 and ISO 14329 and the following apply. 3.1 edge distance minimum distance from the nearest edge of the component to the centre of t
37、he weld 3.2 embossed projection projection in a sheet used for welding and produced by mechanical force using a punch to displace a predetermined amount of material into a cavity NOTE See ISO 8167 for use on different sheet thicknesses. 3.3 projection base diameter diameter of an embossed projection
38、 measured at the original surface of the stamped sheet NOTE See ISO 8167. 3.4 weld pitch distance between centres of adjacent projections 4 Symbols Symbol Term Unit d weld diameter mm dbnominal-projection base diameter mm Psshear strength of weld kN Rmultimate tensile strength of steel MPa t sheet t
39、hickness mm 5 Materials 5.1 Form The steel shall be flat rolled, in coils or cut to length, and shall be free of harmful imperfections. EN ISO 16432:200735.2 Steel grades A partial list of steel grades to which this International Standard is applicable is given in Annex D. 5.3 Surface conditions Pri
40、or to welding, all surfaces of components to be projection welded shall be free of contaminants such as grease, scale, corrosion products, paint, dirt or excessive pitting. This condition shall be maintained until the welding process is completed. Uncoated hot-rolled steel shall be in the pickled co
41、ndition. Certain surface treatments, such as the application of paint primers, rust preventions and oils, may be applied before welding, provided that the coating is uniform in thickness and it has been demonstrated that consistent welds, conforming to this International Standard, can be obtained. E
42、xcessive use of surface pre-treatments may adversely affect electrode life and should therefore be avoided. Coated steels can be supplied with a chromate or phosphate passivation treatment. Phosphated mild steel may be used in certain applications. These materials can be projection welded, although
43、the welding parameters outlined in Annex B may require appropriate adjustment. Generally, more care needs to be taken in selecting welding conditions, particularly with multiple projections. Materials with thicker coatings are more difficult to weld. 6 Component design and manufacture 6.1 Component
44、design 6.1.1 General The components/joints shall be designed and manufactured to provide adequate matching flange conditions, free from potentially harmful physical deformations to accommodate the projections used in the welding process. The design shall allow unimpeded collapse of the projections d
45、uring welding, and provide proper access for the electrodes and any necessary tooling. The procedure shall include provision for reviewing the design as a result of tests, to ensure that compliance with this International Standard is achieved. Single or multiple projection arrays may be specified, p
46、rovided the appropriate welding practices can be maintained. The design of the assembly to be projection welded shall take into account the process requirements specified in Clause 7. The shape of both components shall be such that there is proper contact between the projections and the surface to b
47、e welded, to allow unimpeded collapse in response to the welding process. 6.1.2 Placement of projections The placement of embossed projections from the edge of a component is a function of the projection base diameter (db), and hence the sheet thickness (t). The edge distance shall not be less than
48、1,25 dbas shown in Figure 1. It should be noted that short edge distances may adversely affect weld quality. In this case, the nominal weld size may need to be specified below the value given in 8.2.1 and allowance for a lower weld strength shall be made in the design (see 8.2.3). The weld pitch (se
49、e Figure 1), shall not be less than 4,5 db, and preferably larger. To avoid imbalance of weld sizes in a multiple array, large pitch variations shall be avoided. The linear pitch should be maintained within 10 %, provided the interweld distance does not fall below the specified minimum value. EN ISO 16432:20074 Key db Nominal-projection base diameter Figure 1 Recommended edge conditions and weld pitch 6.2 Projection dimensions 6.2.1 General Round embossed projections shall be in acco
