1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58methods and groundwater measurements Part 1: Technical principles for executionThe European Standar
2、d EN ISO 22475-1:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 93.020Geotechnical investigation and testing Sampling BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 22475-1:2006Reproduced due to typesetting error, July 2007BS EN ISO 22475-1:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Polic
3、y and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 50566 9Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsB/526, Geotechnics, to Subcommittee B/526/3, Site investigation and ground testing.A list of organizations represented on B/526/3 can be obtained on request to its secretar
4、y.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK impl
5、ementation of EN ISO 22475-1:2006. It partially supersedes BS 5930:1999 which will be substantially revised in due course in order to remove conflict and provide supplementary guidance. In the meantime, where conflict arises between the two documents the provisions of BS EN ISO 22475-1:2006 should t
6、ake precedence.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 22475-1September 2006ICS 93.020English VersionGeotechnical investigation and testing - Sampling methods andgroundwater measurements - Part 1: Technical pr
7、inciples forexecution (ISO 22475-1:2006)Reconnaissance et essais gotechniques - Mthodes deprlvement et mesurages pizomtriques - Partie 1:Principes techniques des travaux (ISO 22475-1:2006)Geotechnische Erkundung und Untersuchung -Probenentnahmeverfahren und Grundwassermessungen -Teil 1: Technische G
8、rundlagen der Ausfhrung (ISO 22475-1:2006)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 30 December 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
9、 Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationund
10、er the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Icela
11、nd, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stass
12、art, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 22475-1:2006: EForeword This document (EN ISO 22475-1:2006) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 341 “Geotechnical Investigation and Testing“
13、, the secretariat of which is held by ELOT, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182 “Geotechnics“. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by March 2007, and conflicting national
14、 standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by March 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Ge
15、rmany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EN ISO 22475-1:2006Reference numberISO 22475-1:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO22475-1First editi
16、on2006-09-15Geotechnical investigation and testing Sampling methods and groundwater measurements Part 1: Technical principles for execution Reconnaissance et essais gotechniques Mthodes de prlvement et mesurages pizomtriques Partie 1: Principes techniques des travaux EN ISO 22475-1:2006ii iiiContent
17、s Page Foreword. vii Introduction . viii 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 3.1 Site investigation methods 2 3.2 Drilling rigs and equipment . 3 3.3 Sampling 3 3.4 Groundwater measurements . 8 4 Drilling rigs and ancillary equipment 10 4.1 General. 10 4.2 Requirements
18、for the drilling rigs and equipment 10 4.3 Equipment scope 10 5 General requirements prior to sampling and groundwater measurements . 11 5.1 General. 11 5.2 Selection of techniques and methods 11 5.3 Requirements for ground investigation sites and points. 11 5.4 Preliminary information needed before
19、 starting sampling and groundwater measurements. 12 5.5 Backfilling and site abandonment 13 5.6 Safety and special requirements. 13 6 Soil sampling methods. 13 6.1 General. 13 6.2 Categories of soil sampling methods. 13 6.3 Sampling by drilling (continuous sampling) 14 6.4 Sampling using samplers 20
20、 6.5 Block sampling . 27 7 Rock sampling methods 29 7.1 General. 29 7.2 Categories for rock sampling methods29 7.3 Sampling by drilling 32 7.4 Block sampling . 33 7.5 Integral sampling 33 8 Groundwater sampling methods for geotechnical purposes 33 8.1 General. 33 8.2 Equipment . 34 8.3 Techniques of
21、 groundwater sampling34 9 Groundwater measuring stations and piezometers 35 9.1 General. 35 9.2 Piezometers. 36 9.3 Installation of piezometers 40 9.4 Maintenance 43 9.5 Decommissioning. 44 10 Groundwater measurements . 44 10.1 Calibration . 44 10.2 Performance of the measurements. 44 EN ISO 22475-1
22、:2006iv 11 Handling, transport and storage of samples 45 11.1 General . 45 11.2 Preservation materials and sample containers . 46 11.3 Handling of samples . 46 11.4 Labelling of samples. 47 11.5 Transport of samples 47 11.6 Preparation of storage and shipping containers. 49 11.7 Storage of samples .
23、 50 12 Report. 50 12.1 Field report. 50 12.2 Report of the results . 56 Annex A (informative) Example of a form for the preliminary information on the intended sampling and groundwater measurements 58 Annex B (informative) Field reports 60 Annex C (informative) Drilling and sampling equipment for so
24、il and rock 69 Annex D (informative) Vacuum bottles for groundwater sampling. 115 Annex E (informative) Protective measures of piezometers 117 Bibliography . 119 Figures Figure 1 Definitions of the diameters D1, D2, D3and D45 Figure 2 Application of fracture state terms for rock cores 6 Figure 3 Len
25、gths of core run and sample. 7 Figure 4 Examples of open-tube samplers (OS) for recovering samples from boreholes 24 Figure 5 Schematic thin-walled stationary piston sampler (PS) for sampling from borehole bottom 26 Figure 6 Examples of open systems . 36 Figure 7 Examples of closed systems 38 Figure
26、 8 Closed system with filter pack and sealing in a borehole . 42 Figure 9 Examples of sealing and securing samples 48 Figure 10 Example of the configuration of an open groundwater measuring system. 55 Figure C.1 Drill rods and casing 69 Figure C.2 Drill rods taper threaded “Y” series 72 Figure C.3 D
27、rill rods taper threaded “J” series 72 Figure C.4 Corebarrels “metric” series, according to ISO 3552-1 77 Figure C.5 Corebarrels “W” series, according to ISO 3551-1 . 79 Figure C.6 Corebarrels “W” series, according to ISO 3551-1 . 80 Figure C.7 Wireline corebarrel assembly. 81 Figure C.8 Geotechnica
28、l wireline corebarrel (inner and outer tube assembly) 83 Figure C.9 Water-well casing with flush butt joints, according to BS 879 85 Figure C.10 Water-well casing with screwed and socketed joints, according to BS 879 85 Figure C.11 Three-cone milled tooth rock bit . 88 EN ISO 22475-1:2006vFigure C.1
29、2 Tungsten carbide button bit 88 Figure C.13 Typical corebarrel lifters 90 Figure C.14 Typical sampler retainers 91 Figure C.15 Thin wall sampler (Shelby tube) . 92 Figure C.16 Hydraulic piston sampler. 93 Figure C.17 Stationary piston sampler with a 50-mm diameter liner Sampling category A. 94 Figu
30、re C.18 Stationary piston sampler with a 50-mm liner Parts 96 Figure C.19 Stationary piston sampler with a 50-mm diameter liner Sampling categories A and B 97 Figure C.20 U100 Sampler 98 Figure C.21 Standard penetration test (SPT) samplers. 99 Figure C.22 Typical automatic trip hammer . 100 Figure C
31、.23 Window and windowless samplers 101 Figure C.24 Clay cutter and shell (bailer) . 102 Figure C.25 Sectional shell 103 Figure C.26 Chisels and stubber . 104 Figure C.27 Continuous flight auger . 105 Figure C.28 Augers with diameters between 36 mm and 100 mm Sampling category C . 106 Figure C.29 Hol
32、low stem auger 107 Figure C.30 Examples of sampling from trial pits . 108 Figure C.31 Recovering samples from trial pits Example 109 Figure C.32 Example for a thin-walled open-tube sampler. 110 Figure C.33 Example for a thick-walled open-tube sampler. 111 Figure C.34 Example of sampling from borehol
33、e bottom using a large sampler (Sherbrooke block sampler). 112 Figure C.35 Method of sampling using a Laval sampler. 114 Figure D.1 Equipment for vacuum bottle sampling. 116 Figure E.1 Example of termination of an open piezometer above ground level. 117 Figure E.2 Example of termination of an open p
34、iezometer below ground level. 118 Tables Table 1 Quality classes of soil samples for laboratory testing and sampling categories to be used 14 Table 2 Sampling by drilling in soils. 16 Table 3 Soil sampling using samplers 21 Table 4 Examples on sampling methods with respect to the sampling category i
35、n different soils 28 Table 5 Soil sampling using samplers 31 Table C.1 Drill rods and casing “W”-series according to ISO 3551-1 70 Table C.2 Drill rods and casing “metric” series according to ISO 3552-1 71 EN ISO 22475-1:2006vi Table C.3 Drill rods taper threaded “Y” series . 72 Table C.4 Drill rods
36、 taper threaded “J” series 72 Table C.5 Corebarrels “W” series, according to ISO 3551-1. 73 Table C.6 Corebarrels “metric” series, according to ISO 3552-1 . 74 Table C.7 Air flush corebarrels 75 Table C.8 Drill rods and casing 76 Table C.9 Corebarrels “metric” series, according to ISO 3552-1 . 78 Ta
37、ble C.10 Wireline drill rod dimensions . 82 Table C.11 Wireline corebarrel dimensions 82 Table C.12 Geotechnical wireline corebarrel drill pipe dimensions. 84 Table C.13 Geotechnical wireline corebarrel dimensions. 84 Table C.14 Dimensions of water-well casings with flush butt joints . 85 Table C.15
38、 Dimensions of water-well casings with screwed and socketed joints . 85 Table C.16 Bit selection chart 86 Table C.17 Core bit profiles Diamond set, impregnated, TC and PCD 87 Table C.18 Three-cone milled tooth rock bit. 88 Table C.19 Tungsten carbide button bit 89 EN ISO 22475-1:2006viiForeword ISO
39、(the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical comm
40、ittee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrote
41、chnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the memb
42、er bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifyi
43、ng any or all such patent rights. ISO 22475-1 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 341, Geotechnical investigation and testing, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 182, Geotechnics, Subcommittee SC 1, Geotechnical investigation and
44、testing, in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). ISO 22475-1 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geotechnical investigation and testing Sampling methods and groundwater measurements: Part 1: Technical principles for execu
45、tion Part 2: Qualification criteria for enterprises and personnel Part 3: Conformity assessment of enterprises and personnel by third party EN ISO 22475-1:2006viii Introduction ISO 22475-1 specifies the technical principles for the execution of sampling and groundwater measurements for geotechnical
46、purposes. The quality of these services can be proven by: a) a declaration of conformity by a contractor (first party control); b) a declaration of conformity by a client (second party control); c) a declaration of conformity by a conformity assessment body (third party control). Every enterprise or
47、 individual may decide, if and how they will prove the fulfilment of the technically related criteria: by first, second or third party control because no part of ISO 22475 requires such a declaration. ISO/TS 22475-2 specifies the qualification criteria for enterprises and personnel that perform samp
48、ling and groundwater measurements according to ISO 22475-1. The conformity assessment by third party control can be made according to the technical principles for execution of sampling and groundwater measurements specified in ISO 22475-1, as indicated in ISO/TS 22475-2, and in the conformity assess
49、ment procedure given in ISO/TS 22475-3. EN ISO 22475-1:20061Geotechnical investigation and testing Sampling methods and groundwater measurements Part 1: Technical principles for execution 1 Scope This part of ISO 22475 deals with the technical principles of sampling of soil, rock and groundwater, and with groundwater measurements, in the context of geotechnica
