1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012Information technology Learning, education and training Metadata for learning resources Part 1: FrameworkCopyright European Committee for Standardizatio
2、n Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012. It is identical to ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011.Th
3、e UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee IST/43, Information technology for learning, education and training.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessa
4、ry provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 78527 6 ICS 03.100.30; 35.240.99 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British
5、 Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2013.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dCopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or network
6、ing permitted without license from IHS-,-,-EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO/IEC 19788-1 December 2012 ICS 03.100.30; 35.240.99 English Version Information technology - Learning, education and training - Metadata for learning resources - Part 1: Framework (ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011
7、) Technologies de linformation - Apprentissage, ducation et formation - Mtadonnes pour ressources dapprentissage - Partie 1: Charpente (ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011) Informationstechnik - Lernen, Ausbilden und Weiterbilden -Metadaten fr Lernressourcen - Teil 1: Das Rahmenwerk (ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011) This Eur
8、opean Standard was approved by CEN on 11 November 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
9、 concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN memb
10、er into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Fra
11、nce, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES K
12、OMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012: ECopyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with
13、CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011 has been prepared by Technical Committee JTC 1 “Information technology” of the International Organization for Standa
14、rdization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) and has been taken over as EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 353 “Information and Communication Technologies for Learning, Education and Training” the secretariat of which is held by UNI. This European Standa
15、rd shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this doc
16、ument may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard:
17、 Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
18、Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012 without any modification. Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction
19、 or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword .v Introductionvi 1 Scope1 2 Normative references1 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Abbreviated terms.6 5 Principles governing the developmen
20、t of ISO/IEC 19788 .6 5.1 A multipart standard .6 5.2 Development driven by user requirements 6 5.3 Multilingual equivalencies and multicultural requirements support .7 5.4 Support for various levels of granularity7 5.5 Re-use of international standards and specifications.7 5.6 User extensions.7 6 S
21、pecification of MLR data elements7 6.1 Introduction7 6.2 Data element specification attributes7 6.3 Data element specification: Matrix template 12 6.4 A “Data element specification” example 12 7 MLR data elements13 7.1 Data element 13 8 Resource class 14 8.1 Definition of a Resource class .14 8.2 At
22、tributes of a Resource class.14 8.3 Example of the definition of a Resource class.15 8.4 Predefined Resource classes 15 9 Predefined rule sets 16 9.1 Introduction16 9.2 MLR string16 9.3 Date.17 9.4 Date and (2) the search, discovery, acquisition, evaluation, and use of learning resources, for instan
23、ce by learners, instructors or automated software processes. The interoperability of these functions can be achieved through harvesting or federated search processes, among other technologies and solutions. ISO/IEC 19788 is based on identified user requirements. This part of ISO/IEC 19788 includes r
24、ules for the assignment and management of identifiers, and the development of subsequent parts fulfilling specific user needs. Additionally, this part of ISO/IEC 19788 specifies how to define application profiles. At the same time, ISO/IEC 19788 takes into account the diversity of cultural and lingu
25、istic contexts in which learning resources and their metadata are likely to be created and exploited. ISO/IEC 19788 also facilitates the sharing and reuse of learning resource descriptions by providing specific elements to support metadata harvesting. ISO/IEC 19788 aims to specify data elements rela
26、ting to learning resources to be expressed in a range of established formats, providing optimal compatibility with IEEE 1484.12.1-2002 and ISO 15836:2009 (see Bibliography), while also addressing user-driven requirements and uses not explicitly addressed in those two standards. These data elements a
27、re used to form the description of a learning resource. In addition to this part of ISO/IEC 19788, ISO/IEC 19788-2 and ISO/IEC 19788-3, ISO/IEC 19788 is modularly structured with all subsequent parts having a distinct scope. Each of these parts represents a specified set of user requirements for the
28、 identification and specification of data elements having a particular focus and intended use in the description of a learning resource. This includes categories of data elements focused on technical perspectives, educational (pedagogical) aspects, availability and intellectual property aspects, cla
29、ssification schemes, life cycle management, registration, etc. This also includes the use of application profiles stating the rules for combining metadata elements from various parts of ISO/IEC 19788 and other specifications to support the description of a learning resource, e.g. a MLR record, in a
30、particular context, as well as that of a particular jurisdictional domain, organization, public administration, etc. The identification and specification of particular metadata elements are not included in this part of ISO/IEC 19788 but in subsequent parts. Also excluded from this part of ISO/IEC 19
31、788 are the specification of bindings for data elements (e.g. XML bindings) and the description of particular application profiles. These will be considered in subsequent parts. Nevertheless, XML snippets can be used in an informal way in examples. The following aspects might be addressed in a subse
32、quent edition of ISO/IEC 19788-1 or in another part of ISO/IEC 19788: additional data element specification attributes; registration of MLR records (see 3.23) and assignment of their unique identifiers; detailed rules governing coded domains; Person as a learning resource. Copyright European Committ
33、ee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved 1Information technology Learning, education and tr
34、aining Metadata for learning resources Part 1: Framework 1 Scope The primary purpose of ISO/IEC 19788 is to specify metadata elements and their attributes for the description of learning resources. This includes the rules governing the identification of data elements and the specification of their a
35、ttributes. NOTE All concepts are defined in Clause 3. ISO/IEC 19788 provides data elements for the description of learning resources and resources directly related to learning resources. This part of ISO/IEC 19788 provides principles, rules and structures for the specification of the description of
36、a learning resource; it identifies and specifies the attributes of a data element as well as the rules governing their use. The key principles stated in this part of ISO/IEC 19788 are informed by a user requirements-driven context with the aim of supporting multilingual and cultural adaptability req
37、uirements from a global perspective. This part of ISO/IEC 19788 is information-technology-neutral and defines a set of common approaches, i.e. methodologies and constructs, which apply to the development of the subsequent parts of ISO/IEC 19788. 2 Normative references The following referenced docume
38、nts are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 639-2:1998(E/F), Codes for the representation of names of languages Part 2:
39、Alpha-3 code/Codes pour la reprsentation des noms de langue Partie 2: Code alpha-3 ISO 639-3:2007(E), Codes for the representation of names of languages Part 3: Alpha-3 code for comprehensive coverage of languages ISO 8601:2004(E), Data elements and interchange formats Information interchange Repres
40、entation of dates and times ISO/IEC 10646:2003(E), Information technology Universal Multiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN
41、 ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011(E) 2 ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 application profile defined structured collection of data element specifications (3.14) chosen to satisfy the parti
42、cular needs of a community or communities NOTE The data element specifications are from the various parts of ISO/IEC 19788 and from other sources. 3.2 application profile record specified set of data elements (3.11) describing a specific learning resource (3.20) and obeying the rules (3.32) of a spe
43、cific application profile (3.1) 3.3 application profile specification description of an application profile (3.1) by providing its attribute values (3.5) and a description of its underlying data element group specification (3.13) 3.4 attribute characteristic of an object or entity (3.17) ISO/IEC 111
44、79-1:2004, 3.1.1 3.5 attribute value information recorded as the content of an attribute (3.4) in a data element specification (3.14), data element group specification (3.13) or application profile specification (3.3) 3.6 conditional required under certain specified conditions ISO/IEC 11179-3:2003,
45、3.2.9 NOTE One of the obligation statuses applied to the attributes of a data element (in a data element specification), indicating the conditions under which an attribute value is required. 3.7 conformant data element data element (3.11) that obeys the rules (3.32) of its data element specification
46、 (3.14) 3.8 conforming MLR record MLR record (3.24) in which all the data elements (3.11) are conformant data elements (3.7) 3.9 conforming MLR record relative to an application profile conforming MLR record (3.8) for which the additional conditions specified in the application profile specification
47、 (3.3) are satisfied by all the data elements (3.11) in the MLR record 3.10 content value information recorded as the content of the data element (3.11), in compliance with its data element specification (3.14) Copyright European Committee for Standardization Provided by IHS under license with CENNo
48、t for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-BS EN ISO/IEC 19788-1:2012ISO/IEC 19788-1:2011(E) ISO/IEC 2011 All rights reserved 33.11 data element unit of data described in a data element specification (3.14) ISO 9735-1:2002, 4.28 3.12 data element group identifie
49、d, named set of related data elements (3.11) and/or data element groups (3.12) as described in a data element group specification (3.13) NOTE A data element group is a structured set of data elements. 3.13 data element group specification description of the data elements (3.11) or data element groups (3.12) constituting the da
