1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 10197:1993 Implementation of ISO10197:1993 Micrographics Reader-printers for transparent microforms Characteristics UDC 778.14:771.42 + 778.148BSISO10197:1993 This British Standard, having been prepared under the directionof the Information andDocumentation StandardsPolicy Co
2、mmittee, waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Boardand comes into effect on 15March1994 BSI02-2000 The following BSI references relate to the work on this standard: Committee reference DOT/16 Draft for comment91/96219 DC ISBN 0 580 23023 6 Committees responsible for this BritishStandard
3、The preparation of this BritishStandard was entrusted by the Information and Documentation Standards Policy Committee (DOT/-) to Technical Committee DOT/16, upon which the following bodies were represented: British Computer Society British Library British Office Technology Manufacturers Alliance Bri
4、tish Photographic Association Cranfield Imaging and Document Management User Group Her Majestys Stationery Office KODAK Ltd. Library Association London Borough of Bromley National Centre for Information Media and Technology (Cimtech) Ordnance Survey United Kingdom Association for Information and Ima
5、ge Management The following body was also represented in the drafting of the standard, through subcommittees and panels: Association of Photographic Technicians Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsBSISO10197:1993 BSI 02-2000 i Contents Page Committees responsible Inside front c
6、over National foreword ii Foreword iii Text of ISO10197 1BSISO10197:1993 ii BSI 02-2000 National foreword This BritishStandard reproduces verbatim ISO10197:1993 and implements it as the UK national standard. This BritishStandard is published under the direction of the Information and Documentation S
7、tandards Policy Committee whose Technical Committee DOT/16 has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international committee any enquiries on interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related international and E
8、uropean developments and promulgate them in the UK. NOTEInternational and European Standards, as well as overseas standards, are available from Customer Services, Publications, BSI, Linford Wood, Milton Keynes, MK146LE. A British Standard does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a
9、 contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, pages i and ii, theISO title page, pages i
10、i to iv, pages1 to4 and a back cover. This standard has been updated (see copyright date) and may have had amendments incorporated. This will be indicated in the amendment table on the inside front cover.ISO10197:1993(E) ii BSI 02-2000 Contents Page Foreword iii 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3
11、Definitions 1 4 Performance characteristics of the reader portion 2 4.1 Magnification 2 4.2 Image quality 2 4.2.1 Image resolution 2 4.2.2 Image distortion 2 4.3 Screen luminance and contrast 2 4.3.1 Screen luminance 2 4.3.2 Screen contrast 2 4.4 Film accommodation 2 4.5 Focus 3 4.6 Controls 3 5 Per
12、formance characteristics of the printer portion 3 5.1 Paper requirement 3 5.1.1 Paper sizes 3 5.1.2 Paper handling 3 5.1.3 Paper characteristics 3 5.2 Controls 3 5.3 Image quality 3 5.3.1 Image size 3 5.3.2 Image resolution 3 5.4 Temperature 3 5.4.1 Film gate temperature 3 5.4.2 Case temperature 4 5
13、.5 Safety 4 5.6 Noise 4 Table 1 Minimum sized ISO microtest chart No.1 characters (reduced1:20) to be resolved in the screen image and in the hardcopy 2 Table 2 Minimum sized ISO microtest chart No.2pattern to be resolved in the screen image and in the hard copy 2 Descriptors: Micrographics, microfo
14、rms, micrographic equipment, printers, microform readers, specifications, performance evaluationISO10197:1993(E) BSI 02-2000 iii Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing Interna
15、tional Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with
16、ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an I
17、nternational Standard requires approval by at least75% of the member bodies casting a vote. International Standard ISO10197 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC171, Micrographics and optical memories for document and image recording, storage and use.iv blankISO10197:1993(E) BSI 02-2000 1 1 Sco
18、pe This International Standard specifies the essential performance characteristics of reader-printers designed for viewing and making hard copies from microfilm with a maximum width of35mm, whether in microfilm strips or in roll form, in open reels, cartridges or cassettes, microfiche, jackets and i
19、mage cards. It applies to reader-printers with a magnification less than or equal to50:1. The requirements for the functions of readers, as specified in ISO6198, are summarized in clause4 for convenience of the users of this International Standard. This International Standard establishes minimum cri
20、teria for the hard copy prints produced by reader-printers based on the use of microtest charts ISO No.1 and ISO No.2 or from microforms with a specified minimum quality, either an original or a duplicate. This International Standard does not apply to special reader-printers that produce colour or o
21、ther types of specialized microforms or prints. In addition, it does not necessarily apply to enlarger-printers. 2 Normative references The following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this International Standard. At the time of publication,
22、the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject to revision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintain registers of c
23、urrently valid International Standards. ISO216:1975, Writing paper and certain classes of printed matter Trimmed sizes A and B series. ISO446:1991, Micrographics ISO character and ISO test chart No.1 Description and use. ISO1116:1975, Microcopying16mm and35mm microfilms, spools and reels. ISO3272-1:
24、1983, Microfilming of technical drawings and other drawing office documents Part1: Operating procedures. ISO3334:1989, Micrographics ISO resolution test chart No.2 Description and use. ISO6196-1:1993, Micrographics Vocabulary Part01: General terms. ISO6196-2:1993, Micrographics Vocabulary Part02: Im
25、age positions and methods of recording. ISO6196-3:1983, Micrographics Vocabulary Part03: Film processing. ISO6196-4:1987, Micrographics Vocabulary Part04: Materials and packaging. ISO6196-5:1987, Micrographics Vocabulary Part05: Quality of images, legibility, inspection. ISO6196-6:1992, Micrographic
26、s Vocabulary Part06: Equipment. ISO6196-7:1992, Micrographics Vocabulary Part07: Computer micrographics. ISO6196-8:, Micrographics Vocabulary Part08: Application 1) . ISO6198:1993, Micrographics Readers for transparent microforms Performance characteristics. ISO7565:1993, Micrographics Readers for t
27、ransparent microforms Measurement of characteristics. ISO7761-1:, Micrographics Single-core cartridge for16mm processed microfilm Dimensions and operational constraints Part1:Open-type cartridge 1) . ISO7762:, Micrographics Cassette for16mm processed microfilm Dimensions and operational constraints
28、1) . IEC417H:1987, Graphical symbols for use on equipment. Index, survey and compilation of the single sheets. Eighth supplement. IEC950:1991, Safety of information technology equipment including electrical business equipment. 3 Definitions For the purposes of this International Standard, the defini
29、tions given in ISO6196 and the following definitions apply. 3.1 reader-printer device which serves both as a reader and a printer and implies the provision of a viewing screen large enough to display a full-size, or nearly full-size, image of the original document. Reader-printers are usually design
30、ed for image and print sizes up to A3 or A2 3.2 enlarger-printer device intended primarily for printing possibly having a limited viewing facility for image alignment and verification but not for detailed reading. These devices, sometimes also known as production printers, are usually designed for s
31、izes in the range A2 to A0 1) To be published.ISO10197:1993(E) 2 BSI 02-2000 4 Performance characteristics of the reader portion The essential performance characteristics are specified in ISO6198. For the convenience of the user, the requirements of the reader portion which pertain to reader-printer
32、s are summarized below. For methods of verifying the compliance with these requirements, see ISO7565. 4.1 Magnification The magnification shall be within5% of the nominal value indicated by the manufacturer. If multiple lenses are available for different magnifications, they shall be appropriately m
33、arked. 4.2 Image quality 4.2.1 Image resolution With the appropriate microtest chart in the film gate, the character or pattern resolved on the screen shall be, at a minimum, that specified in column2 of Table 1 or Table 2. The test image used shall be capable of resolving at least four patterns hig
34、her than specified in Table 2 for the appropriate magnification. 4.2.2 Image distortion Image distortion shall be less than0,5% due to curvilinear effects and2% for geometric effects. 4.3 Screen luminance and contrast 4.3.1 Screen luminance At all points in the useful (measurement) area of the scree
35、n, the luminance shall not be less than35cd/m 2 . The minimum luminance at the centre of the screen shall be140cd/m 2 . For rear projection readers, the luminance between the maximum value and the minimum value shall not exceed a ratio of10 except for those reader portions of reader-printers with ve
36、ry large screens. Screens having a diagonal greater than540mm are considered very large and the luminance ratio shall not exceed15. For front projection readers, the luminance between the maximum value and the minimum value shall not exceed a ratio of5. 4.3.2 Screen contrast The screen contrast expr
37、essed as a luminance ratio shall be a minimum of10. The light leakage from the reader portion of the reader-printer shall be restricted so that neither direct nor reflected rays will reduce the image quality. Table 1 Minimum sized ISO microtest chart No.1 characters (reduced1:20) to be resolved in t
38、he screen image and in the hardcopy Table 2 Minimum sized ISO microtest chart No.2 pattern to be resolved in the screen image and in the hard copy 4.4 Film accommodation The reader portion of the reader-printer shall accommodate the specific microform type(s) and size(s) for which the reader portion
39、 of the reader-printer was designed and display the images in an upright and right-reading manner. (Values based upon prepared microtest chart) Character of ISO No.1 microtest chart to be read Nominal magnification Screen Hard copy 10:1 15:1 20:1 25:1 30:1 35:1 40:1 45:1 50:1 125 112 100 90 80 71 a
40、63 a 56 a 50 a 140 125 112 100 90 80 71 a 63 a 56 a a The difficulty in obtaining such fine characters on the microtest chart can make the measurements incorrect. (Values based upon specifically made microtest chart which can require calculations to give truevalues) Pattern of ISO No.2 microtest cha
41、rt to be read a Nominal magnification Screen lp/mm Hard copy lp/mm 10:1 15:1 20:1 25:1 30:1 35:1 40:1 45:1 50:1 6,3 4,5 4,0 3,6 3,2 3,2 2,8 a 2,5 a 2,5 a 5,0 3,6 3,2 2,8 a 2,5 a 2,5 a 2,5 a 2,5 a 2,5 a NOTECalculations involving the reduction used to make the microtest chart can be necessary to dete
42、rmine the actual resolution specified in Table 2. a The difficulty in obtaining such fine characters on the microtest chart can make the measurements incorrect.ISO10197:1993(E) BSI 02-2000 3 The screen size shall be large enough to accommodate the image size for which it was designed. The reader por
43、tion of roll film readers shall be designed so as to minimize abrasion of the film image area during transport of the film through the reader portion of the reader-printer. The film carrier or other film positioning mechanism shall be designed to accommodate a reel, cartridge or cassette as specifie
44、d in ISO1116, ISO7761-1 or ISO7762 and so that it will not abrade the film. 4.5 Focus A suitable and easily accessible means shall be provided for adjusting the focus of the image for any of the microforms for which the reader portion of the reader-printer was designed. The image shall remain in foc
45、us when a large frame is scanned or when the reader-printer is moving images from one frame to another on the same microform, unless roll microfilm is being transported at high speed, in which case when any image is viewed, it shall appear in best focus. 4.6 Controls All operator controls shall be r
46、eadily accessible and easy to use from the normal operating position. The controls shall be marked in the language which is acceptable to the country in which the devices will be sold or marked with ISO/IEC standard symbols (see IEC417H). 5 Performance characteristics of the printer portion 5.1 Pape
47、r requirement 5.1.1 Paper sizes The printer portion of the reader-printer shall accommodate one or more of the paper sizes specified in ISO216. By agreement between manufacturers and users, other paper sizes are acceptable. If the paper is supplied in roll form, the cut length from the roll shall ha
48、ve a3mm tolerance from the length or width specified. 5.1.2 Paper handling The paper feeding system shall be easy to load and thread. A sketch showing the threading path and any instructions for clearing a paper jam shall be in a conspicuous place. If a temperature of above40 C is required to proces
49、s the hard copy, the heating chamber shall be labelled with a warning (e.g.“CAUTION-HOT”) or with the appropriate ISO/IEC symbol. The paper driving mechanism shall not cause misalignment of the paper by more than5mm/m when the paper is properly threaded. NOTE 1Misalignment applies to either sideways or twisting displacement. The hard copy prints should be available for use within30s from the time the print cycle is activated. 5.1.3 Paper characteristics The paper surface after processing shall be capable of being marke
