1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 12234-2:2001 Electronic still-picture imaging Removable memory Part 2: TIFF/EP image data format ICS 37.040.99 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS ISO 12234-2:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the Cons
2、umer Products and Services Sector Policy and Strategy Committee, was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 01 November 2001 BSI 01 November 2001 ISBN 0 580 38501 8 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 12234-2:2001 and implements it
3、 as the UK national standard. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee CPW/42, Photography, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British Standards w
4、hich implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue. A British Standard does
5、 not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible
6、 international/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, th
7、e ISO title page, pages ii to vi, pages 1 to 60, an inside back cover and a back cover. The BSI copyright date displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsReference number ISO 12234-2:2001(E) INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
8、 ISO 12234-2 First edition 2001-10-15 Electronic still-picture imaging Removable memory Part 2: TIFF/EP image data format Imagerie de prises de vue lectroniques Mmoire mobile Partie 2: Format de donnes image TIFF/EPISO 12234-2:2001(E) ii ISO 12234-2:2001(E)iii Contents Page Foreword.iv Introduction.
9、v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Image data features .2 4.1 TIFF/EP file encoding structure2 4.2 Image data 5 4.3 Thumbnail images .6 4.4 Burst sequences using chaining .8 4.5 Camera colour space information9 4.6 Image data compression.9 4.7 Camera information.11 4.8
10、 Picture annotation .11 4.9 Camera and lens settings .11 4.10 Camera characterization .12 5 TIFF/EP tag definitions13 5.1 TIFF/EP tag list.13 5.2 TIFF/EP tag definitions grouped by function16 Annex A (informative) Examples of TIFF/EP files 51 A.1 General51 A.2 Uncompressed RGB51 A.3 JPEG compressed
11、.55 Bibliography59 Alphabetical index of TIFF/EP tag definitions .60ISO 12234-2:2001(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried o
12、ut through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO c
13、ollaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees
14、 are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 12234 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall n
15、ot be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 12234-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 42, Photography. ISO 12234 consists of the following parts, under the general title Electronic still-picture imaging Removable memory : Part 1: Basic re
16、movable-memory module Part 2: TIFF/EP image data format Part 3: Design rule for camera file system (DCF) Annex A of this part of ISO 12234 is for information only.ISO 12234-2:2001(E)v Introduction The term TIFF/EP refers to Tag Image File Format/Electronic Photography, defined in this part of ISO 12
17、234. The term “TIFF 6.0” refers to the TIFF Revision 6.0 specification. TIFF/EP is defined to be as compatible as possible with existing desktop software packages, to enable them to operate with images from electronic still-picture cameras. TIFF Revision 6.0 is used as the basis for achieving this i
18、nteroperability with the large installed base of imaging software. Wherever possible, TIFF/EP uses tags already defined in TIFF 6.0 and provides guidelines for the use of these tags as well as the allowed field values. New tags are defined to encode image data features that are not included in TIFF
19、6.0. These new tags conform to the practices specified in TIFF 6.0. This document also describes how related images, such as both “parent” high resolution and “thumbnail” low resolution images of the same subject, or temporal sequence “bursts” of the same scene, can be stored in a single TIFF/EP fil
20、e. With the permission of Adobe Systems Incorporated, sections of this TIFF/EP specification have been copied verbatim from the TIFF 6.0 specification dated June 3, 1992 specification 1986-1988, 1992 Adobe Systems Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. In this part of ISO 12234, references to tags and t
21、ag values defined in TIFF 6.0 are shown in bold typeface. Tags and tag values that are not defined in TIFF 6.0 are identified in italic type face. These new tags have been chosen to be as compatible as possible with the Exif tags defined in “Digital Still Camera Image File Format Standard (Exchangea
22、ble image file format for Digital Still Cameras: Exif)”, Version 2.1, June 1998 by the Japan Electronic Industry Development Association (JEIDA). The new TIFF/EP tag-fields containing enumerated values follow the TIFF 6.0 convention, where the lower half of the values (0 to 127 for byte values, 0 to
23、 32,767 for short values, and 0 to 2,147,483,647 for long values) are reserved by TIFF/EP and the upper half of the values (128 to 255 for byte values, 32,768 to 65,535 for short values, and 2,147,483,648 to 4,294,967,296 for long values) are private values that may be registered by I3A. I3A may be
24、contacted at the Photographic and Imaging Manufacturers Association, 550 Mamaroneck Avenue, Suite 307, Harrison, NY 10528-1612 USA, or by e-mail at . TIFF/EP complies with the TIFF 6.0 specification and uses the same header specified in TIFF 6.0. The reason for this is to maintain the highest degree
25、 of compatibility with existing TIFF readers and to make the adoption of TIFF/EP, including the new TIFF/EP tags, as easy as possible. In the future, if TIFF is revised, a revised version of TIFF/EP may be developed using the revised TIFF specification. TIFF/EP editors of a given TIFF/EP version num
26、ber shall not update TIFF/EP files having a higher version number without warning the user that, in doing so, unknown tags will be deleted. This is explained in the section describing the TIFF/EPStandardID tag. TIFF/EP tag definitions do not allow default values. All values shall be explicitly state
27、d in order to improve interoperability with future versions of TIFF/EP. Images may be stored in uncompressed form or using JPEG baseline (DCT based) compression. In the latter case, an uncompressed baseline-TIFF-readable reduced resolution “thumbnail” image should also be stored in the 0th IFD to al
28、low the images to be identified using a baseline TIFF 6.0 reader. TIFF/EP uses the TIFF/JPEG specification given in “DRAFT TIFF Technical Note No. 2”. This method differs from the JPEG method described in the TIFF 6.0 specification. In the method used within TIFF/EP, each image segment (tile or stri
29、p) contains a complete JPEG data stream that is valid according to the ISO JPEG standard (ISO/IEC 10918-1). TIFF/EP requires that readers only support the DCT based lossy JPEG process. TIFF/EP currently does not define how to embed audio information within a TIFF/EP image file. Audio can be stored i
30、n a separate file on the same removable media, if desired, or stored within a TIFF/EP file using a private TIFF tag obtained from Adobe Corp. This does not preclude a future release of TIFF/EP from implementing embedded audio as part of the TIFF/EP file. TIFF/EP image files should be stored in a REA
31、D-ONLY fashion using the appropriate file system mechanism. This will prevent accidental loss of important TIFF/EP tag-value information if the image is edited by a non-TIFF/EP compliant application. TIFF editors generally remove unknown tags when saving or updating an image file toISO 12234-2:2001(
32、E) vi maintain the integrity of the TIFF file, since the unknown tags might not apply to the edited image. By creating TIFF/EP image files READ-ONLY, accidental loss of important information is prevented. TIFF/EP editors, on the other hand, shall warn the user, whenever editing a newer version TIFF/
33、EP file with an older version TIFF/EP editor, that proceeding may result in the loss of information. The mandatory TIFF/EPStandardID tag-field specifies th eTIFF/E Pv e rsio nu se di ncre a ti ngaTIFF/E Pi ma g efi l e . The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) draws attention to the
34、 fact that it is claimed that compliance with this International Standard may involve the use of patents from the following companies: Canon Incorporated Eastman Kodak Company Fuji Photo Film Company Ltd. Nikon Corporation Olympus Optical Company Ltd. The holders of these patent rights have assured
35、ISO that they are willing to negotiate licenses under reasonable and non-discriminatory terms and conditions throughout the world. In this respect, the statement of the holder of this patent right is registered with ISO. Information may be obtained from the companies listed. Other companies have als
36、o determined that, upon approval of this International Standard, they too will grant patent licenses in accordance with ISO Directives, Part 2. Information regarding these companies may also be obtained from the ISO Central Secretariat ISO takes no position concerning the evidence, validity and scope of any of the patent rights listed.
