1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationCranes Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracksPart 1: GeneralBS ISO 12488-1:2012National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 12488-1:2012
2、. It supersedes BS ISO 12488-1:2005 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee MHE/3, Cranes and derricks, to Subcommittee MHE/3/3, Bridge, gantry and slewing jib cranes.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on requ
3、est to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012 ISBN 978 0 580 72789 4 ICS 53.020.20Compliance with a British
4、 Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2012.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 12488-1:2012 ISO 2012Cranes Tolerances f
5、or wheels and travel and traversing tracksPart 1: GeneralAppareils de levage charge suspendue Tolrances des galets et des voies de translation et de direction Partie 1: GnralitsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO 12488-1Second edition 2012-07-01Reference number ISO 12488-1:2012(E)BS ISO 12488-1:2012ii ISO 201
6、2 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either
7、ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright office Case postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20 Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 12488-1:2012 ISO 12488-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights
8、reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions . 1 4 Symbols . 2 5 Classification of tolerances 3 6 Tolerances . 36.1 General . 36.2 Thermal effects 36.3 Application of vertical out-of-plane tolerance . 36.4 Construction tolerances 46
9、.5 Operational tolerances . 4 Bibliography .20BS ISO 12488-1:2012 ISO 12488-1:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out thro
10、ugh ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collabor
11、ates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standard
12、s. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this
13、 document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 12488-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 96, Cranes, Subcommittee SC 8, Jib cranes.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12488-1:2005
14、), which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 12488-1:2005/Cor 1:2008.ISO 12488 consists of the following parts, under the general title Cranes Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks: Part 1: General Part 4: Jib cranesiv ISO 2012 All rights
15、 reservedBS ISO 12488-1:2012 ISO 12488-1:2012(E)IntroductionThis part of ISO 12488 establishes requirements and gives guidance and design rules that reflect the present state of the art in the field of crane machine design. The rules given represent good design practice that ensures fulfilment of es
16、sential safety requirements and adequate service life of components. Deviation from these rules normally leads to increased risks or reduction of service life, but it is acknowledged that new technical innovations, materials etc. may provide new solutions that result in equal or improved safety and
17、durability. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS ISO 12488-1:2012 ISO 12488-1:2012(E)Cranes Tolerances for wheels and travel and traversing tracks Part 1: General1 ScopeThis part of ISO 12488 specifies tolerances for construction assemblies and operational conditions of cranes and associated crane track
18、s as defined in ISO 4306-1. The purpose of the requirements in this part of ISO 12488 is to promote safe operation and achievement of the expected life of components by the elimination of excessive load effects due to deviations or misalignments from the normal dimensions of the structure.Tolerances
19、 given are extreme values. The elastic deformations due to load effects are outside the scope of this part of ISO 12488. These will need to be taken into account at the design stage using other criteria to achieve the intended operation and performance.Specific values for particular crane types are
20、given in other parts of ISO 12488.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) ap
21、plies.ISO 286-2, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) ISO code system for tolerances on linear sizes Part 2: Tables of standard tolerance classes and limit deviations for holes and shaftsISO 1101, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Geometrical tolerancing Tolerances of form, orientation, l
22、ocation and run-outISO 4306-1, Cranes Vocabulary Part 1: General3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1 construction tolerance amount by which a specific dimension is permitted to vary, resulting from the assembly of the complete crane
23、and its tracks, in new, modified, rebuilt or repaired buildings, before operational useNOTE 1 This applies to new build or repaired or modified cranes and tracks.NOTE 2 The amount is given either by the absolute value of the difference between the limits of size, or by the allowable geometric variat
24、ion.3.2 operational tolerance amount by which a specific dimension is permitted to vary, resulting from the use of the crane and its tracksNOTE The amount is given either by the absolute value of the difference between the limits of size, or by the allowable geometric variation.INTERNATIONAL STANDAR
25、D ISO 12488-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 12488-1:20124 SymbolsA Tolerance of the span, related to the rail centre of travelling or traversing tracks, at each point of the track or to the wheel centre of crabs or cranesB Tolerance of the horizontal straightness, in ground plan, at e
26、ach point of the travelling trackb Tolerance of horizontal straightness related to a test length of 2 m in ground plan, (sample value) at each point of the rail headC Tolerance of straightness related to the height of the crane rail centre at each point of the travelling trackc Tolerance of straight
27、ness related to a test length of 2 m (sample value) at each point of height of the crane raila Centre-to-centre distance between the horizontal guide rollers, in longitudinal direction of raile Centre-to-centre distance between two wheels or bogeys, in longitudinal direction of railhFDistance betwee
28、n the top edge of a rail and the bottom edge of horizontal guide rollersS Span from centre to centre of the rail 0/00 Angle of inclination expressed as vertical points per horizontal thousandD Wheel diameterE Height tolerance related to opposite measuring points at right angles to each point of the
29、trackF Parallelism tolerance of end stops or buffersG Angularity tolerance related to rail cross-section with plane surfaceHFVertical offset of a welded connectionHSHorizontal offset of a rail headK Parallelism tolerance of a rail with reference to the webD Diameter tolerance for coupled and indepen
30、dently driven crane/cab wheelse Tolerance of the wheel base in ground planF Alignment tolerance of guide rollers in ground plan hr Height tolerance of the points of wheel contactN Tolerance of parallel offset of the wheels in ground planFAxle tolerance of parallelism of guide rollers across the trac
31、kFAxle tolerance of parallelism of guide rollers across the trackk Axle tolerance of parallelism in a ground plan of the hole (inclination of axis)r Axle tolerance of parallelism in a ground plan of the wheel (inclination of wheel)k Axle tolerance parallelism in elevation of the hole (axle camber)r
32、Axle tolerance of parallelism in elevation of the wheel (wheel camber)bsTolerance of straightness related to a test length of 1 m adjacent to a welded rail jointchTolerance of straightness related to a test length of 2 m adjacent to a welded rail joint2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 12488-1:201
33、2 ISO 12488-1:2012(E)These symbols and their meanings are applicable to all parts of ISO 12488.Where symbols for construction tolerances are also applicable to operational tolerances (e.g. in operator instructions), the suffix w is used (e.g. Aw, Bw, Cw, Ew).Where necessary, an additional suffix may
34、 be added, for example, Aw1operational tolerance for travelling tracks,Aw2operational tolerances for traversing tracks,Aw3operational tolerances for cranes,Aw4operational tolerances for crabs.5 Classification of tolerancesThe main criterion for determining the class of tolerance is the total amount
35、of travel throughout the life of the crane; however, system sensitivity shall be considered along with the class of tolerance as given in other parts of ISO 12488.NOTE In the context of this part of ISO 12488, system sensitivity is considered to be the amount of reaction of the system in terms of lo
36、ad effect resulting from the tolerance considered as unintentional displacement (see ISO 8686-1:1989, 6.1.5). In the case of highly sensitive systems, it could be appropriate to select a higher tolerance class than that shown in Table 1.Table 1 Tolerance classesTolerance classLimits of travelling an
37、d traversing distancekm1 50 000 L2 10 000 L 16m,Sinmetres5ValidforallspansS 16m5+0,25(S16)15max.ValidforspansS 16m,Sinmetres8ValidforallspansS 16m8+0,25(S16)20max.ValidforspansS16m,Sinmetres12,5ValidforallspansS 16m12,5+ 0,25(S16)25max.ValidforspansS16m,SinmetresmmBToleranceofhorizontalstraightnesso
38、frailheadateachpointoftravellingtrackPosition of crane rail in ground plan5102040mmbToleranceofhorizontalstraightnessrelatedtotestlengthof2000mm(samplevalue)ateachpointofrailhead1124mmCToleranceofstraightnessrelatedtoheightofcranerailcentreateachpointoftravellingtrackHeightofcranerail(axialslope)510
39、2040mmcToleranceofstraightnessrelatedtotestlengthof2000mm(samplevalue)ateachpointofheightofcranerail1248mmEToleranceofheightrelatedtooppositemeasuringpointsatrightanglesateachpointoftravellingtrackHeightoftravellingtrack(lateralslope)0,5SSin metresEEmax5 max.SSin metresEEmax10max.2SS inmetresEEmax20
40、max.4SSin metresEEmax40max.mm ISO 2012 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 12488-1:2012 ISO 12488-1:2012(E)ToleranceparameterToleranceSymbolDescriptionwithrespectofthistableGraphicalrepresentationClass1Class2Class3Class4UnitFToleranceofparallelismofendstopsorbuffersontravellingtrackatrightanglestolongitudin
41、alaxiswithparallelismsymbol/Position in a ground plan (datum symbol in accordance withISO1101)0,8S8 max.S inmetresS10max.Sin metres1,25S12,5max.Sin metres1,6S16max.Sin metresmmGToleranceofangularityrelatedtocranerailcross-sectionateachpointoftravellingtrackwithangularitysymbol469120/00(seeTable3)hrH
42、eighttoleranceofpointsofwheelcontactofeachpointoftravellingtrack0,5Sor 0,5e5 max.eand Sin metres,inserteor S,whicheveristheleast1,0Sor 1,0e10max.eand Sin metres,inserteor S,whicheveristheleast1,6Sor 1,6e16max.eand Sinmetres,inserteorS,whicheveristheleast2,0Sor 2,0e20max.eand Sin metres,inserteor S,w
43、hicheveristheleastmmKToleranceofparallelismofcranerailtowebateachpointoftravellingtrack=tminsmallestthicknessofweb0,5tminmmTable2 (continued)6 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 12488-1:2012 ISO 12488-1:2012(E)Table3 Construction tolerances for traversing tracks of tolerance classes 1 to 4Tolerancep
44、arameterToleranceSymbolDescriptionwithrespecttothistableGraphicalrepresentationClass1Class2Class3Class4UnitAToleranceofspanSofcrabrailsrelatedtorailcentreateachpointoftraversingtrack3ValidforallspansS 16m5ValidforallspansS 16m8ValidforallspansS 16m12,5ValidforallspansS 16mmmbToleranceofhorizontalstr
45、aightnessrelatedtotestlengthof2000mm(samplevalue)ateachpointofrailheadPosition of crab rail in ground plan (datum symbol inaccordancewithISO1101)1124mmEToleranceofheightrelatedtooppositemeasuringpointsatrightanglesateachpointoftraversingtrackHeightoftraversingtrack(lateralslope)3,2ValidforallspansS2
46、 m1,6SEEmaxSin metres, validforS2 m6,3max.4,2ValidforallspansS2 m2SEEmaxSin metres, validforS2 m8 max.5ValidforallspansS2 m2,5SE EmaxSin metres, validforS2 m10max.6,3ValidforallspansS2 m3,2SE EmaxSin metres, validforS2 m12,5max.mmhrHeighttoleranceofpointsofwheelcontactateachpointoftraversingtrack1,6
47、ValidforallspansS2 m0,8ShrhrmaxSin metres, validforS2 m3,2max.2ValidforallspansS2 m1ShrhrmaxSin metres, validforS 2 m4 max.2,5ValidforallspansS2 m1,25ShrhrmaxSin metres, validforS 2 m5 max.3,2ValidforallspansS2 m1,6ShrhrmaxSin metres, validforS2 m6,3max.mm ISO 2012 All rights reserved 7BS ISO 12488-
48、1:2012 ISO 12488-1:2012(E)ToleranceparameterToleranceSymbolDescriptionwithrespecttothistableGraphicalrepresentationClass1Class2Class3Class4UnitFToleranceofparallelismofendstopsorbuffersontraversingtracktorightanglestolongitudinalaxiswithparallelismsymbol/Position in a ground plan0,8S8 max.Sin metres
49、S10max.Sin metres1,25S12,5max.Sin metres1,6S16max.Sin metresmmGToleranceofangularityrelatedtocrabrailcross-sectionateachpointoftraversingtrackwithangularitysymbol469120/00(seeNote)KToleranceofparallelismofcrabrailrelatedtowebateachpointoftraversingtrackwithparallelismsymbol/=tminsmallestthicknessofweb0,5tminmmNOTEParameterGwith the characteristic of datum applies to crab rails with
