1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 1268-7: 2001 Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test plates Part 7: Resin transfer moulding ICS 83.120 NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBS ISO 1268-7:2001 This British Standard, having been prepared under the direction of the S
2、ector Committee for Materials and Chemicals, was published under the authority of the Standards Committee and comes into effect on 15 August 2001 BSI 08-2001 ISBN 0 580 37962 0 National foreword This British Standard reproduces verbatim ISO 1268-7:2001 and implements it as the UK national standard.
3、The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/42, Fibre reinforced thermosetting plastics and prepregs, which has the responsibility to: A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary. Cross-references The British
4、Standards which implement international publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Standards Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Find” facility of the BSI Standards Electronic Catalogue A British Standard does n
5、ot purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users of British Standards are responsible for their correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations. aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible i
6、nternational/European committee any enquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep the UK interests informed; monitor related international and European developments and promulgate them in the UK. Summary of pages This document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the
7、ISO title page, pages ii to iv, pages 1 to 5 and a back cover. The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document was last issued. Amendments issued since publication Amd. No. Date CommentsINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1268-7 First edition 2001-05-01 Reference number ISO 12
8、68-7:2001(E) Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test plates Part 7: Resin transfer moulding Plastiques renforcs de fibres Mthodes de fabrication de plaques dessai Partie 7: Moulage par transfert de rsineii ISO 1268-7:2001(E) diii Contents Page 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Hea
9、lth and safety 1 4 Principle 1 5 Materials . 2 6 Plate dimensions 2 7 Reinforcement content . 2 8 Apparatus . 2 9 Procedure . 3 10 Verification of the characteristics of the plate obtained 4 11 Marking . 4 12 Test plate preparation report 5ISO 1268-7:2001(E) iv Foreword ISO (the International Organi
10、zation for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been establishe
11、d has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.
12、International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 3. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of t
13、he member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this part of ISO 1268 may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard ISO 1268-7 was prepared by Technical
14、Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 13, Composites and reinforcement fibres. Together with the other parts (see below), this part of ISO 1268 cancels and replaces ISO 1268:1974, which has been technically revised. ISO 1268 consists of the following parts, under the general title Fibre-rei
15、nforced plastics Methods of producing test plates: Part 1: General conditions Part 2: Contact and spray-up moulding Part 3: Wet compression moulding Part 4: Moulding of prepregs Part 5: Filament winding Part 6: Pultrusion moulding Part 7: Resin transfer moulding Part 8: Compression moulding of SMC a
16、nd BMC Part 9: Moulding of GMT/STC The following additional parts are in preparation: Part 10: Injection moulding of SMC and BMC General principles and moulding of multipurpose test specimens Part 11: Injection moulding of SMC and BMC Small platesINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 1268-7:2001(E) ISO 1002 Al
17、l rithgs rreseved 1 Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test plates Part 7: Resin transfer moulding 1 Scope This part of ISO 1268 specifies a method of preparing reinforced-plastic test plates by resin transfer moulding (RTM). It is intended to be read in conjunction with ISO 1268-1. 2 No
18、rmative references The following normative documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of this part of ISO 1268. For dated references, subsequent amendments to, or revisions of, any of these publications do not apply. However, parties to agreements based
19、 on this part of ISO 1268 are encouraged to investigate the possibility of applying the most recent editions of the normative documents indicated below. For undated references, the latest edition of the normative document referred to applies. Members of ISO and IEC maintain registers of currently va
20、lid International Standards. ISO 1172:1996, Textile-glass-reinforced plastics Prepregs, moulding compounds and laminates Determination of the textile-glass and mineral-filler content Calcination methods. ISO 1183 (all parts), Plastics Methods for determining the density of non-cellular plastics. ISO
21、 1268-1, Fibre-reinforced plastics Methods of producing test plates Part 1: General conditions. ISO 7822:1990, Textile glass reinforced plastics Determination of void content Loss on ignition, mechanical disintegration and statistical counting methods. ISO 11357-2:1999, Plastics Differential scannin
22、g calorimetry (DSC) Part 2: Determination of glass transition temperature. ISO 11357-5:1999, Plastics Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) Part 5: Determination of characteristic reaction-curve temperatures and times, enthalpy of reaction and degree of conversion. 3 Health and safety See ISO 1268
23、-1. 4 Principle R e s i nt r a n s f e rm o u l d i n g( R T M )i sal o w - p r e s s u r ef a b r i c a t i o nm e t h o dc a r r i e do u ti nac l o s e dm o u l d .T h ef i b r e reinforcement may be preformed. The reinforcement is placed in the cavity of the mould and the mould is closed. The re
24、sin system is injected into the cavity to impregnate the reinforcement. Subsequently, the resin is cured to form a composite plate. The procedure can be modifed, for instance by applying a vacuum to extract the air prior to resin injection, heating the resin to reduce its viscosity and curing time o
25、r, when the resin is a highly reactive one, introducing the resin and hardener separately, using two pumps, into a mixing chamber and then into the mould.ISO 1268-7:2001(E) 2 5M a t e r i a l s 5.1 Reinforcement Reinforcement fibres, such as glass, carbon, aramid, etc., in the form of mats (chopped-
26、strand or continuous-strand mats), chopped rovings, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, braids, unidirectional reinforcements and combinations thereof can be used. The reinforcement may be preshaped into a preform in such a way that it retains its shape. Preforms can be fabricated by spraying binder on
27、to the assembled reinforcement and subsequently heat-setting. Alternatively, ordinary reinforcements can be converted into preforms by sewing, stitching or knitting them together using auxiliary yarns. The reinforcement shall be such that it can be easily placed in the mould cavity and impregnated w
28、ith resin. Injection of the resin shall not cause the reinforcement to move. 5.2 Resin The viscosity and cure characteristics of the resin shall be such that the mould cavity is properly filled and the reinforcement properly wetted prior to curing. 6 Plate dimensions The length and width of the plat
29、e produced shall be large enough to yield test specimens of the correct size for testing. The size of the test specimens shall conform to the relevant International Standards. A length and a width of are recommended. The thickness shall be to . Plates over thick are generally not suitable for use in
30、 the determination of mechanical properties. 7 Reinforcement content For randomly oriented products, it is recommended that the fibre content be in the range to by volume. For woven products, the recommended range is to by volume. For unidirectional products, the recommended range is to by volume. 8
31、 Apparatus 8.1 Mould, made of steel, aluminium or fibre-reinforced plastic, and composed of a male mould plate and a female mould plate with a cavity between them. An inlet for the resin and an outlet for the air (optional) are provided on the mould. The mould shall be fitted with bolts or other sec
32、ure fasteners to enable it to be closed tightly. Rubber packing is usually placed between the mould plates. Temperature-measurement devices may also be inserted in the mould plates. The surfaces of the mould plates shall be coated with release agent. 8.2 Press with heated platens, the temperature of
33、 which can be controlled to within and the pressure to within of the specified values. 8.3 Air-circulation oven, the temperature of which can be controlled to within . 8.4 Resin tanks, the temperature of which can be regulated. 8.5 Pump, capable of transferring resin at maximum. 8.6 Vacuum pump or v
34、acuum source (optional). 300 mm 1 mm 4 mm 4 mm 15 % 30 % 35 % 55 % 40 % 60 % 5 C 20 kPa 5 C 800 kPaISO 1268-7:2001(E) d3 8.7 Flexible tubing, to connect the mould with the resin pump or vacuum source. 8.8 Temperature and pressure control and recording equipment. 9 Procedure 9.1 Preparation of prefor
35、m 9.1.1 Examples of methods of producing preforms Sheets of mat are cut and plied to shape in accordance with the instructions. A small amount of polymeric binder is applied. The stacked mat is then heated and compressed in a forming die. Reinforcement fibre is chopped and sprayed onto a rotating sc
36、reen where they are kept in place by air suction. A small amount ( to ) of polymeric binder is added to the stream of chopped reinforcement. The chopped reinforcement is then heated (sometimes in a forming die). Continuous fibres and/or woven fabrics may be added to the random-fibre mats produced in
37、 the previous method before heat-setting. Sheets of woven fabric are cut and stacked in a predetermined orientation. The stacked fabrics are sewn, stitched or knitted together using auxiliary yarns made, for instance, of polyamide, polyester, aramid, glass or carbon fibre. Unidirectional fabrics are
38、 used to provide preforms for high-fibre-content plates. Three-dimensional fabrics of a shape specific to a particular moulding are prepared by weaving, knitting or braiding. 9.1.2 The mass per surface area of the preform shall be such that the plates produced have the required fibre content by volu
39、me. 9.1.3 The preform design shall be such that it matches the shape of the mould and correct alignment of the fibres is maintained. 9.2 Resin injection and cure 9.2.1 Depending on the nature of the resin and reinforcement, different procedures may be required, examples of whi char eg iv enin9 .2.2t
40、o9 .2.4 . 9.2.2 Place the reinforcement in the cavity of the mould. Close the mould and clamp it shut with the bolts or other secure fasteners. Connect the mould to the resin pump and resin tank with flexible tubing. Inject resin into the cavity by means of the pump. When the cavity is full, place t
41、he mould between the heated platens of a press or in a hot-air oven to cure the resin. 9.2.3 Place the reinforcement in the cavity of the mould, close the mould and clamp it shut. Connect the mould to a vacuum pump, and to the resin pump and resin tank, with flexible tubing. Apply a vacuum to extrac
42、t the air. Transfer resin from the resin tank to the cavity through the tubing under atmospheric pressure, or slightly higher than atmospheric pressure, by means of the resin pump. 9.2.4 T h ei n j e c t i o n - m o u l d i n gp r o c e s sc a na l s ob eu s e dw i t hh i g h l yr e a c t i v er e s
43、 i n s .P l a c et h ep r e f o rmi nt h em o u l d cavity, close the mould and clamp it shut. Inject the resin and hardener from two separate tanks into a mixing chamber and then inject the mixture into the mould. In this method, the flow rate of the resin has to be high, which can cause movement o
44、f the reinforcement in the cavity. It is recommended that a check be carried out to ensure that the reinforcement does not move during injection. 9.2.5 For all methods, record the temperature, pressure, duration under pressure and cure time. 9.3 Stabilization On completion of curing, open the mould
45、and remove the test plate. When required by the material specification or the manufacturing method, the plate shall be postcured. Unless otherwise specified, it is recommended that all plates 2% 5%ISO 1268-7:2001(E) 4 be conditioned for in the atmosphere of the test laboratory before cutting out tes
46、t specimens. It is also recommended that at least be discarded from the plate edges since the fibre content and fibre alignment is likely to be non-representative in this area. 10 Verification of the characteristics of the plate obtained 10.1 General The plate obtained shall be examined prior to cut
47、ting out the test specimens. The criteria used for acceptance or rejection of a plate shall be as given in the material specification or as agreed between the interested parties, taking into account the requirements given in 10.2 to 10.7. 10.2 Fibre content The fibre content shall be determined in a
48、ccordance with ISO 1172 for glass-reinforced plastics and by a method agreed between the interested parties for carbon-reinforced plastics. NOTE The mass of the plate and that of the preform give a rough idea as to whether the fibre content of the plate is acceptable or not. 10.3 Void content Determ
49、ine the void content of the plate by visual examination of a polished cross-section under a microscope (see ISO 7822), by ultrasonic scanning or by another suitable method. 10.4 Density Determine the density by one of the methods given in ISO 1183. 10.5 Dimensions of the plate Measure the thickness, width and length of the plate. Measure any bend or twist (or other distortion) of the plate as well. The location(s) at which the plate thickness was measured shall be stated in the test plate prepar
