1、大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 338及答案与解析 Section A （ A） Their health becomes worse. （ B） They dont fight as hard as before. （ C） They wont get the benefit of pension. （ D） They receive less education. （ A） In the late 1970s. （ B） In the early 1970s. （ C） During World War II. （ D） In the late 1960s. （ A） Nobody
2、was injured in it. （ B） It was caused by an error. （ C） It killed 27 miners. （ D） It affected national electricity supply. （ A） Extraordinary expansion of mine companies. （ B） The laws requiring federal mine inspections. （ C） The decline of coal supply in the world. （ D） An accident causing thousand
3、s of death. （ A） An express company that delivers food. （ B） A meal replacement diet （ C） A report on fast weight-loss diet category. （ D） An annual ranking of best diet plans. （ A） The food is made by medical workers. （ B） The food is healthier than made-at-home meal. （ C） The food is delivered to
4、dieters directly. （ D） Dieters can order a variety of food. （ A） It is tough to achieve. （ B） It may change our lifestyle. （ C） It is unhealthy and unsustainable. （ D） It can lead to future diseases. （ A） Their personal life. （ B） Educational opportunities. （ C） Political development. （ D） Their vie
5、ws on international issues. （ A） In Morocco, both satisfaction and optimism have doubled. （ B） Optimism grows generally in the Arab world in recent years. （ C） Many Arab countries have improved the income of their citizens. （ D） There is an acceleration of the economic growth in the Arab world. （ A）
6、 To arrest the leader of the opposition party. （ B） To prepare for the presidential elections. （ C） To answer his charges at home. （ D） To protect his supporters. （ A） Ugandas multi-party elections were darkened. （ B） Economic support from western nations was cut off. （ C） Ugandas role model in the
7、region was canceled. （ D） Ugandas relationship with its donors felt strained. （ A） It was wet and cold. （ B） It was hot and dry. （ C） It was cold and terrible. （ D） It was hot and terrible. （ A） All the extreme weather events. （ B） El Nino and a warmer climate. （ C） Light snows and record rain. （ D）
8、 The lands surrounded by ocean. （ A） There was record-breaking snowfall. （ B） There was recording-breaking rainfall. （ C） It were the warmest months ever recorded. （ D） It were the wettest months ever recorded. （ A） Learn about the history of American society. （ B） Appreciate the contributions of Af
9、rican Americans. （ C） Visit famed national museums and monuments. （ D） Donate money to build new museums. （ A） To join association of museums. （ B） To collect money from architects. （ C） To choose donors. （ D） To build a new museum. （ A） Several. （ B） 80. （ C） More than 800. （ D） Several hundred. （
10、A） They were employed by contractors. （ B） They overlooked the government aid. （ C） They called attention to the problems of migrants. （ D） They were unable to get government aid. （ A） To help companies make more money. （ B） To gain reputation around the world. （ C） To keep temperatures at a low lev
11、el. （ D） To control the change of climate. （ A） Transportation of sands and oil. （ B） Way to stop emitting carbon dioxide. （ C） Capture and storage of carbon dioxide. （ D） Method of exploring more oil. （ A） Because it needs governments support. （ B） Because its hard to acquire the technology. （ C） B
12、ecause its not easy to make a profit. （ D） Because it requires a lot of money. 大学英语四级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷 338答案与解析 Section A 1 【听力原文】 The number of Americans over the age of 65 is expected to double between now and 2030. This next generation of retirees will be the healthiest, best educated, and most wealth
13、y in American history. But many of them wont have a retirement benefit their parents generation fought hard to get. It is something known as a defined-benefit plan, or “pension“. Retired workers who have a pension continue to be paid a certain percentage of their highest annual salary usually anywhe
14、re from one to three percent multiplied by the number of years they worked for the company. Pensions first became popular during World War n, when a federally-approved wage-freeze meant unions had to negotiate for retirement benefits, instead of pay increases. Pensions reached the height of their po
15、pularity in the late 1970s, when more than 60 percent of Americans had one. 1. What problem does the next generation of retirees have? 2. When did pensions reach the height of their popularity? 1 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 新闻提到，下一代的退休人员失去了一项退休福利 (wont have a retirement benefit)，这项 “福利计划 ”(defined-benefit plan)
16、也就是 “养老金 ”(pension)， C“他们得不到养老金的福利 ”与新闻内容相符。新闻中有提到这批退休人员将是美国有史以来最健康、教育程度最高、最富有的，据此可排除 A、D。 B利用新闻中的 fought hard作干扰，新闻是说这个 pension的制度是上一辈人努力争取出来的结果，并没有说 “下一代退休 人员不努力 ”。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 2 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 新闻提到，养老金制度在第二次世界大战时开始流行，到了 20世纪 70年代末达到流行高峰 (reached the height of their popularity in the late 1970s
17、)。故答案为 A。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 3 【听力原文】 U.S. government health and safety officials are investigating the cause of the recent explosion at a West Virginia coal mine, which killed 12 miners. The accident was apparently an error in an industry which has prided itself on miner safety at a time of extraordinar
18、y expansion. Mine companies operate in 27 states, from West Virginia in the east to Montana in the west, producing a total of about one billion tons a year, or more than a third of the worlds coal supply. The U.S. economy is dependent on coal production. Coal-fired power plants generate about 50 per
19、cent of the nations electricity. More than half the nations coal is mined underground by thousands of men and women who daily risk injury and death. But the occupation has become much safer since the late 1960s, when the U.S. Congress passed laws requiring federal mine inspections. 3. What do we lea
20、rn about the recent explosion at a coal mine? 4. What made the mining industry safer in the late 1960s? 3 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻开篇就提到，美国政府健康与安全局的官员正在调查一起煤矿爆炸的原因，之后说这明显是一起 “错误 ”(error)，故 B正确。新闻中并没有提到是否有人受伤， A无法得知。事故中有 12人遇难，而不是 27人， 27是煤矿公司覆盖的州。 D利用新闻中的 nations electricity作干扰， D所说 “影响到全国的电力供应 ”没有在新闻中提到。
21、【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 4 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻提到，当美国国会通过法律要求联邦政府进行煤矿安全检查后(passed laws requiring federal mine inspections)，煤矿安全从 60年代末开始已有好转。故 B正确。 A中的 Extraordinary expansion有在新闻中提到，但煤矿公司的扩张不是 发生在 20世纪 60年代末，也与挖煤产业变得更安全无关。新闻中只提到美国生产全球三分之一的煤，没有提到 C所说的 “煤产量下降 ”。 D“一次造成数千人死亡的意外 ”没有在新闻中提到，只是拼凑了新闻中的 thousands of和dea
22、th。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 5 【听力原文】 When it comes to dieting, losing weight fast holds some appeal. Maybe thats why U.S. News & World Report has added a Fast Weight-Loss Diet category to its annual rankings of best diet plans. And one of the diets that comes out on top is the Health Management Resources (HMR
23、) program. HMR is a meal replacement diet that can be done on your own at home or under medical supervision. Instead of made-at-home meals, dieters can order low-calorie milk, soups, nutrition bars and multigrain cereal. The U.S. News reviewers say the plus side to the HMR diet is its quick-start op
24、tion and the convenience of having meals delivered to you. The down side is “the milk lacks variety,“ and its tough to eat out while on this diet. “A common misunderstanding is that losing weight quickly is not healthy, not sustainable, and will just lead to future weight re-gain,“ wrote Carol Addy,
25、 the chief medical officer at HMR, in a release. But she says, to the contrary, “numerous studies demonstrate that following a lifestyle change program which promotes fast initial weight loss can result in better long-term success.“ 5. What is the HMR program? 6. What is the advantage of HMR program
26、? 7. Whats the common misunderstanding about losing weight fast? 5 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 由新闻开头部分可知， HMR的全称是 Health Management Resources，在美国新闻与世界报道的快速减肥膳食目录 (Fast Weight-Loss Diet category)中排名前列。之后又提到 HMR是一种 “替代正餐的膳食 ”(a meal replacement diet)，故确定 B为答案。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 6 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 新闻中间部分提到 HMR program的
27、利弊，新闻用的是 plus side“好处 ”和 down side“坏处 ”，其中好处包括试用该项目很快捷 (quick-start option)，而且很方便，可以送到你手上 (convenience of having meals delivered to you)，故 C正确。新闻中有提到， HMR的膳食是在医疗指导下制作的 (under medical supervision)，并不是说直接由 “医护人员制作 ”， A曲解文意。新闻并没比较 HMR与家庭自做的菜哪个更健康， B排除。新闻中用 the milk lacks variety来表明食物品种不丰富 ， D所说与此相反。 【知
28、识模块】 短篇新闻听力 7 【正确答案】 C 【试题解析】 新闻末段提到，对快速减肥存在的误解是：它不健康，没有持续性(not healthy， not sustainable)，并且体重在将来会反弹 (lead to future weight re-gain)， C用了 healthy和 sustainable的反义词 unhealthy和 unsustalnable，和新闻意思一致，故为答案。 A“很难做到 ”未在新闻中提到。 B中的关键词 lifestyle change出现在新闻 末尾，客观陈述该计划改变生活方式，但这并非人们对快速减肥的误解。 D“可能会导致疾病 ”未在新闻中提到。
29、 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 8 【听力原文】 Two months ago, Zogby International, a Washington-based research organization, conducted a public opinion poll in six Arab countries: Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. The respondents, randomly chosen from different neighborhoods in v
30、arious cities of each country, were asked to give their opinion on a number of issues, including concerns facing their country and their personal life, economic development, employment opportunities and the likelihood of peace in the Middle East. Overall, respondents expressed more satisfaction with
31、 their lives and more optimism about their future than they did in the poll conducted ten years ago. In Lebanon, both satisfaction and optimism have doubled. This is not surprising, says James Rauch, a professor at the University of California “The Lebanese have experienced an enormous change now wi
32、th the end of the Syrian occupation. They would have good reasons to be optimistic.“ 1. What were the respondents asked to comment on? 2. What do we learn about the result of the poll? 8 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 新闻提到，被调查者要求就一系列问题，包括对国家及个人生活、经济发展、就业机会、中东和平的可能性发表自己的看法， A与新闻中的concerns facing their personal life
33、对应，故选 A。 B“教育机会 ”、 C“政治发展 ”和D“对国际事务的看法 ”均与新闻所说的内容有偏差。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 9 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻提到，总的来说，被调查者对他们的生活感到满意，对未来持乐观态度，这种满意度和乐观度高于 10年前的 民意调查，故答案为 B。 A“摩洛哥人民的满意度和乐观度成倍提高 ”中的 Morocco应为 Lebanon。 C“许多阿拉伯国家提高了公民的收入 ”和 D“阿拉伯地区的经济加速发展 ”都无法从新闻中推断出。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 10 【听力原文】 In October the Ugandan opposition
34、 leader, Kizza Basigye, returned to Kampala to prepare for the presidential elections next year. Three weeks later he was arrested. The Ugandan government says he must answer the charges, but his supporters say its an attempt by Ugandan President Museveni to prevent Dr. Basigye running against him.
35、The incident is threatening to darken the countrys first multi-party elections in two decades. Western nations which provide essential economic support to Uganda have held up Uganda as a role model in the region, opposition leaders are calling on them to take a stand. In this edition of Analysis, Lu
36、cy Williamson looks at whether Ugandas relationship with its donors is feeling the strain. 3. Why did Kizza Basigye return to Kampala? 4. What is the consequence of Basigyes incident? 10 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻一开始就提到， Kizza Basigye是乌干达反对党的首领，他返回 Kampala这地方是为了准备明年的总统大选 (for the presidential elections next
37、 year)。 B复现原文原词，为答案。新闻是说 Basigye回国后被捕，而他本身就是反对党首领， A“逮捕反对党首领 ”错误。 C“回应对他的指控 ”是执政党要求 Basigye做的事，不是他回国的初衷。 D“保护他的支持者 ”没有在新闻中提到。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 11 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 根据新闻可知，题目问的 Basigyes incident指 Basigye被逮捕一事。新闻中提到该事件可能会使得该国 20年来的首次多党选举蒙上阴影 (darken the countrys first multi-party elections in two decades)，
38、 A将新闻中的动宾结构换成了被动语态 (was darkened)，所述意思与新闻一致，故为答案。 B“西方国家的经济支持力度被减弱 ”、 C“乌干达在该地区的模范地位被取消 ”和 D“乌干达与其捐赠者的关系紧 张 ”均复现了新闻个别原词，但所述与新闻意思不符。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 12 【听力原文】 At the end of every year, U.S. weather researchers look back at what the nations weather was like, and what they saw last year was weird. The ye
39、ar was hot and annoyed by all manner of extreme weather events that did a lot of expensive damage. December, in fact, was a fitting end. “This is the first time in our 121-year period of record that a month has been both the wettest and the warmest month on record,“ says Jake Crouch, a weather resea
40、rcher. The rest of the year was very wet and hot too, he says the second-hottest period on record for the U.S. The cause: a warming climate and a super strong El Nino. El Nino is a weather phenomenon out of the ocean that hits every few years and affects weather globally. Together, climate and a ver
41、y strong El Nino pushed the weather in the U.S. as warm as its 20th century average. And even when the atmosphere is only that much warmer, it holds more moisture, 1eading to record snows in the Northwest last February and March, and record rain in the South and Midwest. 5. What was weather in the U
42、.S. like last year? 6. What made last years weather so weird? 7. What happened in the Northwest of the U.S. last February and March? 12 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析 】 新闻开头提到，美国每年都会回顾过去一年的天气，发现去年的天气十分怪异。接着具体说这一年十分炎热，并且出现很多极端天气，并导致严重的经济损失，可见天气十分糟糕。 D“天气炎热且糟糕 ”与新闻内容相符。 A和 C都错在 cold，新闻中的确原词这一年十分潮湿 (wet)，但也是炎热的。同理， B中
43、的dry与新闻内容 wet不符。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 13 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻中间部分提到造成新闻天气情况的原因 (cause)：温暖的气候 (a warming climate)和强烈的厄尔 尼诺现象 (a super strong El Nino)， B与新闻原意相同，故为答案。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 14 【正确答案】 A 【试题解析】 新闻后段提到，美国天气不仅温和，而且湿度较大，导致美国西北部在去年二、三月出现纪录性降雪 (record snows)，故答案为 A。 B说的 “记录性降雨 ”是发生在美国南部和中西部 (South and Midwest
44、)。 C和 D只是利用新闻末尾中的 much warmer和 more moisture作干扰，都没有实质根据。 【知识模块】 短篇新 闻听力 15 【听力原文】 February is Black History Month in the United States, when Americans are encouraged to learn about and appreciate the many contributions African Americans have made to American society. Those efforts got a boost this w
45、eek when the Smithsonian Institution announced its plan to build a National Museum of African American History and Culture on the National Mall, where, in about 10 years, it will join the rest of the capital citys famed national museums and monuments. There is much to do before the museum is actuall
46、y built. An architect must be chosen, the collection must be assembled, and half the museums $300 $500 million price tag must be provided from private donors. Lonnie Bunch, the director of the new museum, says this museum really desires to create an opportunity for millions of Americans to engage in
47、 and understand African American history. 1. What are Americans encouraged to do in Black History Month? 2. What is the plan of the Smithsonian Institution? 15 【正确答案】 B 【试题解析】 新闻 中提到，二月是黑人历史月，鼓励美国人去了解以及感恩非裔美国人对美国社会做出的众多贡献，故 B正确。 A“学习美国历史 ”、 C“参观著名的国家博物馆和纪念碑 ”和 D“捐款建造一座新的博物馆 ”都不是黑人历史月鼓励美国人去做的事。 【知识模块
48、】 短篇新闻听力 16 【正确答案】 D 【试题解析】 新闻中提到， Smithsonian Institution宣布要建一个 “非裔美国人历史与文化国家博物馆 ”(National Museum of African American History and Culture)。故答案为 D“建造新博物馆 ”。 A利用新闻中的 join和 museum制造干扰，但 “博物馆协会 ”没有在新闻中出现。新闻中提到建造博物馆之前，要先选定建筑师 (architect must be chosen)、征集收藏品 (collection must be assembled)和募捐建造博物馆的费用 (h
49、alf price tag must be provided from private donors)，B、 C项胡乱拼凑了这些信息点，并不是 Smithsonian Institution真正要做的事。 【知识模块】 短篇新闻听力 17 【听力原文】 When the tsunami hit southern Thailand last year hundreds of Burmese migrants working in beach front hotels were among the victims. Thai officials have identified 80 Burmese migrant workers among the dead. But they believe several of the more than 800 unidentified bodies are likely to be Burmese. Thousands of Burmese migrant workers are employed along Thailands Andaman Sea coast a source of cheap labor for contrac
