1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 14861:2015Graphic technology Requirements for colour softproofing systemsBS ISO 14861:2015 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 14861:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PAI
2、/43, Graphic technology.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2015. P
3、ublished by BSI StandardsLimited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 83270 3ICS 37.100.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2015.Amendments issued since publ
4、icationDate Text affectedBS ISO 14861:2015 ISO 2015Graphic technology Requirements for colour soft proofing systemsTechnologie graphique Exigences pour les systmes dpreuve lcran couleurINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO14861First edition2015-08-15Reference numberISO 14861:2015(E)BS ISO 14861:2015ISO 14861:20
5、15(E)ii ISO 2015 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2015, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or po
6、sting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41
7、22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 14861:2015ISO 14861:2015(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Requirements 24.1 Data delivery . 24.2 Display requirements 24.3 Viewing condition requirements . 34.3.1 General 34.3.2 Displays to be use
8、d alone . 34.4 Display driving and simulation requirements . 44.4.1 General 44.4.2 Testing of display driving . 44.4.3 Testing of the simulation 54.4.4 Visual 6Annex A (informative) Reference set of RGB triplets 7Annex B (normative) Test patches for display driving and simulation requirements . 8Bib
9、liography .10 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 14861:2015ISO 14861:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried
10、out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO
11、collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different ap
12、proval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the
13、 subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any
14、trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the
15、 Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 130, Graphic technology.iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 14861:2015ISO 14861:2015(E)IntroductionThe use of images displayed on a colour monitor is
16、increasingly being used in the graphic arts industry for colour evaluation and colour acceptance (commonly referred to as “soft” proofing). This requires that the colour display and its associated viewing environment be able to simulate the appearance of the final printed image viewed under standard
17、 graphic arts viewing conditions. The major components required to accomplish this are assembled to create a soft proofing system which is usually comprised of a monitor, colour measurement device, driving software (for calibration, profiling the monitor, and displaying the data), and a viewing cabi
18、net. The overall design and calibration has to control and take into account the influence of ambient lighting.As the use of soft proofing increases, the need for an objective and vendor neutral assessment of soft proofing systems is steadily increasing. This International Standard specifies require
19、ments for systems that are used to produce, from digital data, images on electronic displays that are intended to simulate a characterized printing condition defined by a set of characterization data and spot colours defined by a physical reference.This International Standard builds on the monitor r
20、equirements defined in ISO 12646, the viewing cabinet defined in ISO 3664, and the requirements for contract hard copy proofing defined in ISO 12647-7.Three common soft proof scenarios are typically encountered. In the first scenario, a soft proof is displayed on a monitor without an associated view
21、ing cabinet. In the second scenario, a viewing cabinet is associated with the monitor. In the third, the monitor is a part of, and built-into, a viewing cabinet. To test how closely the displayed image simulates the encoded colorimetric data of the original, there is no need to differentiate between
22、 these three scenarios. However, to assess the similarity of the soft proof reproduction (as described in this standard) to a reference print, a viewing cabinet or controlled room lighting is required.The objective assessment of a soft proofing display system is carried out in three steps. First, th
23、e monitor and the viewing cabinet are tested to ensure that these components are capable of achieving the results needed to produce a high quality soft proof. Second, the capability of the combination of the monitor and the display driving software is tested. Third, the simulation of an output condi
24、tion, usually a characterized printing condition, is assessed.With respect to the data handling and display driving software, a separation is made between the driving of the display and the simulation of a given colorimetric reference, termed simulation. The primary focus of the display driving soft
25、ware lies in the accurate characterization of the display. This is typically accomplished by a contact measurement device.Once the display device itself is evaluated, the integration of the display and any associated viewing cabinet (or a room lighting setup to function as a viewing cabinet) and the
26、 effect of ambient lighting has to be evaluated. The simulation of an intended characterized printing condition represents the colorimetry of the display as seen from the viewer position. For that reason, telespectroradiometric readings are required at this stage of evaluation.The use of a display a
27、nd an associated viewing cabinet and/or the display integrated into a hard copy viewing cabinet often occurs in situations where a printed product, like a newspaper or offset print, is being evaluated with respect to the soft copy proof in the absence of a hard copy proof. In this case, there is act
28、ive research as to how a concrete document can be shown reliably in order to facilitate it as a contract proof or reference in disputes of colour difference.The use of a standalone display in uncontrolled ambient lighting is not subject of this International Standard because the final visual appeara
29、nce of a soft proof on a display cannot be judged without taking into account the influence of the ambient light, even when the soft proof is viewed alone, without comparison to a physical object like a proof print, production print, or product sample.Obtaining a good soft proof simulation of a refe
30、rence is not simple and to be fully accurate requires careful control of many aspects of the process. The primary purpose of this International Standard is to establish the criteria and tolerances needed to evaluate a complete soft proofing system. ISO 2015 All rights reserved vBS ISO 14861:2015BS I
31、SO 14861:2015Graphic technology Requirements for colour soft proofing systems1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies requirements for systems that are used to produce, from digital data, images on electronic displays that are intended to simulate a characterized printing condition defined by a
32、set of characterization data and spot colours defined by a physical reference. Recommendations are provided with regard to equipment selection, setup, operating, and environmental conditions. Appropriate test methods associated with these requirements are specified.2 Normative referencesThe followin
33、g documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 3664, Graphic te
34、chnology and photography Viewing conditionsISO 12639, Graphic technology Prepress digital data exchange Tag image file format for image technology (TIFF/IT)ISO 12646, Graphic technology Displays for colour proofing Characteristics and viewing conditionsISO 12647-7, Graphic technology Process control
35、 for the production of half-tone colour separations, proof and production prints Part 7: Proofing processes working directly from digital dataISO 15930, Graphic technology Prepress digital data exchange using PDF3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and defini
36、tions apply.3.1displayelectronic device capable of visibly communicating information3.2characterized printing conditionprinting condition for which process control aims are defined and for which the relationship between input data (printing-tone values, usually CMYK) and the colorimetry of the print
37、ed image is documentedSOURCE: ISO 15930-8:2010, 3.13.3power offcondition in which the display (3.1) is switched off3.4soft proofvisualization of colour image data using a display (3.1) with the intent of synthesizing the colour appearance under a defined illumination and viewing conditionINTERNATION
38、AL STANDARD ISO 14861:2015(E) ISO 2015 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 14861:2015ISO 14861:2015(E)3.5soft proofing systemsystem of hardware and software components used to reproduce the colour appearance for a specific viewing condition3.6spectroradiometerinstrument for measuring radiometric quantities
39、in narrow wavelength intervals over a given spectral regionSOURCE: IEC 60050-845:1987 17.43.7telespectroradiometerspectroradiometer (3.6) that uses an optical relay component to allow measurements to be made at a distance from the specimenSOURCE: ISO 13655:2009, 3.12Note 1 to entry: The measurement
40、of spectral radiance is independent of the distance from the source, but the area that is imaged will not produce constant results unless the source is perfectly uniform. The surface of most displays (3.1) are not uniform enough for the radiance from a 25 mm diameter area to produce the same results
41、 as the radiance from a 10 mm diameter area. The distance to the display face and the cone half angle needs to be noted in the report.Note 2 to entry: While some instruments of this type have obvious external input optics such as lenses and apertures (telescopic optics), many simpler, portable instr
42、uments used in graphic reproduction have such input optics inside the instrument housing and may have the ability to be used as a non-contact spectroradiometer with full conformance with this definition.3.8surroundarea adjacent to the border of an image which, upon viewing the image, can affect the
43、local state of adaptation of the eye3.9viewing cabinetarea of controlled illumination (usually enclosed on the sides and back) intended to provide a specified intensity and spectral power distribution to allow consistency viewing of a specimen4 Requirements4.1 Data deliverySoft copy proofing systems
44、 shall accept digital data delivered as PDF/X data files as defined in ISO 15930 or shall accept digital data delivered as TIFF/IT files as defined in ISO 12639. Where TIFF/IT files are used, colour information shall be included using tag 34675 or tag 34029 as defined in ISO 12639.NOTE PDF/X-1a requ
45、ires that the intended printing condition be indicated. Where the intended printing condition is included in the registry of characterizations maintained by the International Color Consortium (ICC) and the digital data are cyan-magenta-yellow-key (black) (CMYK), the name used in the ICC registry is
46、usually used for identification in lieu of including an ICC output profile. If the intended printing condition is not included in the said registry, PDF/X-1a requires that an ICC output profile be included.4.2 Display requirementsThe displays used for soft proofing shall meet either the class A or c
47、lass B requirements of ISO 12646.2 ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS ISO 14861:2015ISO 14861:2015(E)4.3 Viewing condition requirements4.3.1 GeneralThe visual environment should be designed to minimize interference with the viewing task. It is important to eliminate extraneous conditions that affect the
48、 appraisal of images on the display and prints in the viewing cabinet. There are many potential variations possible in soft proofing setups. To minimize variations, specific requirements are needed. In this International Standard, the final colour stimulus will be judged by instrumental measurements
49、 with specific requirements. For this reason, no additional normative requirements are provided for the position of the display.Principally, there are two different setups. The first environment consists of a display situated next to (but not inside) a dedicated viewing cabinet. Here, the ambient shall be controlled so that stray light is not having a significant impact on the displayed image or its surround. In this situation, the illuminance level inside the viewing cabinet can be adjusted with the aid of a telespectrophotomete
