1、BS ISO 16620-4:2016Plastics Biobased contentPart 4: Determination of biobased masscontentBSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS ISO 16620-4:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 16620-4:2016.The UK par
2、ticipation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible
3、 for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 84624 3ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Polic
4、y and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2016.Amendments/Corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 16620-4:2016 ISO 2016Plastics Biobased content Part 4: Determination of biobased mass contentPlastiques Teneur biosource Partie 4: Dtermination de la teneur en masse biosourceINTERNATI
5、ONAL STANDARDISO16620-4First edition2016-12-15Reference numberISO 16620-4:2016(E)BS ISO 16620-4:2016ISO 16620-4:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be rep
6、roduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the request
7、er.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 16620-4:2016ISO 16620-4:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms, definitions, symbols and abbreviated ter
8、ms . 13.1 Terms and definitions . 13.2 Symbols . 13.3 Abbreviated terms . 24 Principle 24.1 Product groups 24.2 Group I products 24.3 Group II products 24.4 Natural constituents . 34.5 Monomers and additives 35 Rules for allocation of elements . 36 Group I products . 46.1 Statement . 46.2 Sampling .
9、 46.3 Determination of the biobased carbon content and elemental composition . 46.3.1 Procedure . 46.3.2 Variability of test results . 56.4 Validation criteria of the biobased mass content 56.5 Examples of application of the decision scheme . 66.6 Test report . 77 Group II products . 87.1 Statement
10、. 87.2 Sampling . 87.3 Determination of the biobased carbon content 87.3.1 Procedure . 87.3.2 Variability of test results . 97.4 Validation criteria of the biobased mass content 97.5 Example of application of the decision scheme .107.6 Test report 10Annex A (informative) Example of format for report
11、ing results for Group I products .11Annex B (normative) Calculation of the biobased carbon content and biobased mass content for Group II products 12Annex C (informative) Example of format for reporting results for Group II products .13Bibliography .14 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS
12、 ISO 16620-4:2016ISO 16620-4:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body in
13、terested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechni
14、cal Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO doc
15、uments should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsi
16、ble for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for
17、 the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (
18、TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties.A list of all parts in the ISO 16620 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16620-4:2016
19、ISO 16620-4:2016(E)IntroductionIncreased use of biomass resources for manufacturing plastics products is effective in reducing global warming and the depletion of fossil resources.Current plastics products are composed of biobased synthetic polymers, fossil-based synthetic polymers, natural polymers
20、 and additives that can include biobased materials.“Biobased plastics” refer to plastics that contain materials wholly or partly of biogenic origin.In ISO 16620 series, the “biobased content” of biobased plastics refers to the amount of the biobased carbon content, the amount of the biobased synthet
21、ic polymer content or the amount of the biobased mass content only.This document is harmonized with EN 16785-1:201512. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS ISO 16620-4:2016BS ISO 16620-4:2016Plastics Biobased content Part 4: Determination of biobased mass content1 ScopeThis document specifies a method o
22、f determining the biobased mass content in plastics products, based on the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis.This document is applicable to plastic products and plastic materials, polymer resins, monomers or additives, which are made from biobased or fossil-based constituents.This method i
23、s applicable, provided that the plastic product contains carbon element and that a statement giving its elemental composition and its biobased mass content is available.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitut
24、es requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 16620-2:2015, Plastics Biobased content Part 2: Determination of biobased carbon content3 Terms, defini
25、tions, symbols and abbreviated terms3.1 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 16620-1 apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electrope
26、dia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp/3.2 Symbols14C carbon isotope with an atomic mass of 14C symbol for element carbonH symbol for element hydrogenN symbol for element nitrogenO symbol for element oxygenmBbiobased mass content, expressed as a percentage of the t
27、otal mass of samplexBbiobased carbon content, expressed as a percentage of the total mass of the sampleINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 16620-4:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 16620-4:2016ISO 16620-4:2016(E)xTCtotal carbon content, expressed as a percentage of the total mass of the samplexTHt
28、otal hydrogen content, expressed as a percentage of the total mass of the samplexTNtotal nitrogen content, expressed as a percentage of the total mass of the samplexTOtotal oxygen content, expressed as a percentage of the total mass of the sampleW mass of a sample, expressed in grams3.3 Abbreviated
29、termsCL confidence levelTC total carbonTH total hydrogenTN total nitrogenTO total oxygen4 Principle4.1 Product groupsFor the purpose of this document, two groups of products are distinguished as follows:a) Group I products are obtained by chemical or biological reaction(s);b) Group II products are o
30、btained by mixing Group I products without chemical or biological reaction.Natural constituents (4.4) can be used to produce Group I products or as constituent(s) of Group II products.4.2 Group I productsThis method, supported by rules described in Clause 6, consists ina) the determination of the bi
31、obased carbon content and elemental composition of the product by using the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis respectively (6.3), andb) the comparison between1) the data of the statement (6.1) comprising the composition and the origin (biobased and/or fossil resources) of the product, and2
32、) the data resulting from the radiocarbon analysis and elemental analysis of the product (6.3).NOTE The “statement” in the sense of this document is to be distinguished from the “declaration” of the biobased mass content resulting of this method, which is in the scope of ISO 16620-51).4.3 Group II p
33、roductsThis method consists ina) the determination of the biobased carbon content of the product by using the radiocarbon analysis (7.3), and1) To be published.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16620-4:2016ISO 16620-4:2016(E)b) the comparison between1) the data of the statement (7.1) comprising t
34、he composition and the origin (biobased and/or fossil resources) of the product, and2) the data resulting from the radiocarbon analysis of the product (7.3).NOTE The “statement” in the sense of this document is to be distinguished from the “declaration” of the biobased mass content resulting of this
35、 method, which is in the scope of ISO 16620-51).4.4 Natural constituentsThis method is not needed for the determination of the biobased mass content in natural constituents (e.g. natural polymers) wholly derived from biomass.The biobased mass content of a natural constituent is equal to 100 %.The bi
36、obased carbon content of a natural constituent, expressed as a percentage of the total carbon content, is equal to 100 %.NOTE This differentiates the calculation of the biobased mass content according to this document from the calculation of the biobased synthetic polymer content according to ISO 16
37、620-3, where the biobased synthetic polymer content of a natural constituent is 0 % (see ISO 16620-1:2015, Clause 4).4.5 Monomers and additivesIn case of monomers and additives for which the composition and raw material(s)/chemical(s) from which they are made are known, and whose chemical identifica
38、tion is unequivocal, the method may consist only in a determination of the biobased carbon content. The biobased mass content may be validated by applying the validation criteria (6.4), considering only the biobased carbon content.5 Rules for allocation of elementsNOTE According to the current state
39、 of the art, it is not possible by isotopic measurements to establish a distinction between elements originating from biomass and elements originating from non-biomass for elements such as oxygen, hydrogen or nitrogen.For a product/constituent of a product obtained by chemical or biological reaction
40、(s) (Group I), the following rules shall apply:a) if the reactants are exclusively derived from biomass, the biobased mass content of the product/constituent of the product is 100 %;b) if none of the reactants is derived from biomass, the biobased mass content of the product/constituent of the produ
41、ct is 0 %;c) if the reactants are derived from both biomass and non-biomass, the following conventions apply:1) if oxygen (O) and/or hydrogen (H) and/or nitrogen (N) element(s) is(are) bound to a carbon structure derived from biomass, its(their) fraction is(are) considered to be part(s) of the bioba
42、sed mass content;2) element(s) other than C, H, O and N elements are not considered in this document.EXAMPLE Esters derived from the condensation of an acid with a primary alcohol keep the O element coming from the alcohol. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 16620-4:2016ISO 16620-4:2016(E)6 Group
43、I products6.1 StatementThe statement to be provided with the product under consideration shall includea) information related to the relevant chemical or biological reaction(s) and the raw materials/chemicals from which the product is made,b) a complete elemental composition of the product ( x1TC, x1
44、TH, x1TOand x1TN), andc) the biobased carbon content (xB1) and biobased mass content (mB1), of the product, obtained by calculation, following the rules defined in Clause 5.NOTE 1 The biobased carbon content can be expressed on the basis of total organic carbon (TOC) or total carbon (TC) or total ma
45、ss.NOTE 2 In this document, “biobased carbon content” refers to “biobased carbon content by mass, expressed as a percentage of the total mass”.For products which contain water, the biobased mass content (mB1) is expressed by mass of dry matter.EXAMPLE Poly(ethylene terephthalate) obtained by polycon
46、densation of terephthalic acid from fossil resources with biobased ethylene glycol (see Table 1).Table 1 Example of calculation for poly(ethylene terephthalate)Fraction C%H%O%Tot al%Fossil fraction (from terephthalic acid) 50,0 2,1 16,6 68,7Biobased fraction (from ethylene glycol) 12,5 2,1 16,6 31,2
47、Tot al 62,5 4,2 33,3 100,0x1TC= 62,5 %x1TH= 4,2 %x1TO= 33,3 %xB1= 12,5 %mB1= 31,2 %6.2 SamplingThe samples shall be representative of the product under consideration.If available, product sampling procedures for the determination of the biobased carbon content and elemental composition shall be used
48、 and the details shall be documented.6.3 Determination of the biobased carbon content and elemental composition6.3.1 ProcedureDetermine the biobased carbon content of the sample according to ISO 16620-2.Express the biobased carbon content (xB2) as a percentage of the total mass of the sample.Determi
49、ne the contents of total carbon ( x2TC), hydrogen ( x2TH), oxygen ( x2TO) and/or nitrogen ( x2TN) of the sample according to suitable standard analytical methods. If other element(s) is(are) present, its(their) content(s) may be also determined.4 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 16620-4:2016ISO 16620-4:2016(E)For determining the total carbon content and organic carbon content, test methods as described in ISO 609, ISO 8245, ISO 10694, ISO 15350, ISO 17247, ASTM D5291-02, ASTM E1019-11 or EN 13137 may be used, as applicable.The o
