1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 17094:2014Fine ceramics (advancedceramics, advanced technicalceramics) Test methodfor antibacterial activity ofsemiconducting photocatalyticmaterials under indoor lightingenvironmentBS ISO 17094:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK imp
2、lementation of ISO 17094:2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee RPI/13, Advanced technical ceramics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessar
3、yprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2014. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 75294 0ICS 81.060.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was publ
4、ished under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2014.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedBS ISO 17094:2014 ISO 2014Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for antibacterial activity of semiconducting photocatalytic
5、 materials under indoor lighting environmentCramiques techniques Mthode dessai de lactivit antibactrienne des matriaux photocatalytiques semiconducteurs dans un environnement dclairage intrieurINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO17094First edition2014-05-01Reference numberISO 17094:2014(E)BS ISO 17094:2014ISO
6、17094:2014(E)ii ISO 2014 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2014All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the inter
7、net or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.is
8、o.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 17094:2014ISO 17094:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Symbols 25 Principle 36 Materials . 36.1 Bacteria strains and preparation for tests 36.2 Chemicals and
9、 implements 37 Apparatus . 47.1 General . 47.2 Cover film . 57.3 Moisture preservation glass plate 57.4 Glass tube or glass rod 57.5 Light source . 57.6 UV sharp cut-off filter 57.7 Illuminance meter 68 Test piece 69 Procedure. 69.1 General . 69.2 Cover film method 79.3 Indoor lighting condition . 8
10、9.4 Measurement of number of living bacteria 810 Calculation 910.1 General . 910.2 Test requirement fulfilment validation 910.3 Indoor light-active photocatalyst antibacterial activity value calculation .1011 Test report 11BS ISO 17094:2014ISO 17094:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization
11、 for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
12、the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The pro
13、cedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editor
14、ial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights
15、 identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explana
16、tion on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this documen
17、t is ISO/TC 206, Fine ceramics.iv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 17094:2014ISO 17094:2014(E)IntroductionA test method for cloths or textiles is not included in this International Standard because of a lack of indoor-light-active photocatalytic cloths or textiles. When indoor-light-active photoca
18、talytic cloths or textiles have been developed, a suitable test method will be proposed with the remediated glass adhesion method given in ISO 27447. ISO 2014 All rights reserved vBS ISO 17094:2014BS ISO 17094:2014Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for antibac
19、terial activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materials under indoor lighting environmentWARNING Handling and manipulation of microorganisms that are potentially hazardous requires a high degree of technical competence. Only personnel trained in microbiological techniques should carry out tests.1
20、 ScopeThis International Standard presents a test method for determining the antibacterial activity of materials that contain an indoor-light-active photocatalytic material or have indoor-light-active photocatalytic films on the surface by measuring the survival of bacteria after illumination with i
21、ndoor light.It is intended for use with different kinds of indoor-light-active photocatalytic materials used in construction materials in flat sheet, board or plate shape that are the basic forms of materials for various applications. It does not include powder, granular, or porous indoor-light-acti
22、ve photocatalytic materials, nor is it applicable to cloths or textiles.It is applicable to indoor-light-active photocatalytic materials produced for antibacterial application. Other types of performance of indoor-light-active photocatalytic materials, i.e. decomposition of water contaminants, self-
23、cleaning, antifogging, and air purification, cannot be determined by this method.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undate
24、d references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 27447, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advanced technical ceramics) Test method for antibacterial activity of semiconducting photocatalytic materialsISO 14605, Fine ceramics (advanced ceramics, advan
25、ced technical ceramics) Light source for testing semiconducting photocatalytic materials used under indoor lighting environment3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1photocatalystsubstance that performs one or more functions based on ox
26、idization and reduction reactions under photoirradiation, including decomposition and removal of air and water contaminants, deodorization, and antibacterial, antifungal, self-cleaning, and antifogging actions3.2indoor-light-active photocatalystphotocatalyst that functions under illumination with ar
27、tificial light used for general lighting purposes3.3indoor lighting environmentillumination with artificial light source(s) used for general lighting purposes and excluding sunlightINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17094:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 17094:2014ISO 17094:2014(E)3.4indoor-ligh
28、t-active photocatalytic materialmaterial in which or on which the indoor-light-active photocatalyst is added by coating, impregnation, mixing, etc3.5antibacterialcondition inhibiting the growth of bacteria on the surface of flat surface materials3.6indoor-light-active photocatalyst antibacterial act
29、ivity valuenumerical difference between the logarithmic values of the total number of viable bacteria on the indoor- light-active photocatalytic treated material and non-treated material after indoor light illuminationNote 1 to entry: This value includes the decrease of number of bacteria without in
30、door light illumination.3.7indoor-light-active photocatalyst antibacterial activity value with indoor light illuminationnumerical difference between the logarithmic values of the total number of viable bacteria on the indoor-light-active photocatalytic treated material after indoor light illuminatio
31、n and the same material kept in the dark4 SymbolsA average number of viable bacteria on non-treated test pieces, just after inoculationBDaverage number of viable bacteria on non-treated test pieces, after being kept in a dark placeBLaverage number of viable bacteria on non-treated test pieces, after
32、 indoor light illumina-tion of intensity LCDaverage number of viable bacteria on indoor-light-active photocatalytic treated test pieces, after being kept in dark placeCLaverage number of viable bacteria on indoor-light-active photocatalytic treated test pieces, after indoor light illumination of int
33、ensity LDFdilution factorL illuminance of indoor lightLmaxmaximum logarithmic value of viable bacteriaLmeanaverage logarithmic value of viable bacteria for three test piecesLminminimum logarithmic value of viable bacteriaN number of viable bacteriaP bacteria concentrationRLindoor-light-active photoc
34、atalyst antibacterial activity value, after illumination at a con-stant intensity (L) on an indoor-light-active photocatalytic materialR indoor-light-active photocatalyst antibacterial activity value with indoor light illumina-tion2 ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS ISO 17094:2014ISO 17094:2014(E)V vol
35、ume of soybean-casein digest broth with lecithin and polysorbate 80 medium for washoutZ average number of colonies in two Petri dishes5 PrincipleThe method is used to obtain the antibacterial activity of indoor-light-active photocatalytic materials by contact of a test piece with bacteria, under ind
36、oor lighting condition. The film cover method is available for flat sheet, board, or plate-shaped materials.The test piece is laid in a Petri dish and the bacterial suspension is dripped onto the test piece. Then the cover film is placed on the suspension and the moisture conservation glass is place
37、d on top of the Petri dish. The Petri dish containing the test piece is exposed to light. After exposure, the test bacteria are washed out of the test piece and the cover film. This washout suspension is measured by the viable bacterial count method.6 Materials6.1 Bacteria strains and preparation fo
38、r tests6.1.1 Bacteria strainsThe bacteria strains to be used in the test shall be the same as or equivalent to those described in Table 1 and supplied by an entity that is registered under the World Federation for Culture Collections or the Japan Society for Culture Collections.Table 1 Bacteria stra
39、ins to be used in testBacteria species WDCM codeStaphylococcus aureus WDCM 00195Escherichia coli WDCM 00196NOTE Refer to WDCM (World Data Centre for Microorganisms) and its website: http:/www.wdcm.org/.NOTE If necessary, additional tests with other bacteria can be allowed.6.1.2 Bacteria preparationA
40、septic manipulations using microorganisms should be performed in an adequate safety cabinet. Inoculate each strain into slant culture medium (nutrient agar medium), incubate for 16 h to 24 h at 37 C 1 C, and then store in a refrigerator at 5 C to 10 C. Repeat subcultures within one month by replicat
41、ing this process. The maximum number of subcultures from the original strain transferred by culture collection is 10. A slant culture shall not be stored for more than one month.NOTE 1 In the case of bacteria stored in deep freezer, the maximum number of subcultures from original strain transferred
42、by culture collection is 10.NOTE 2 If activity of used bacteria is maintained, agar plates can be used.6.2 Chemicals and implements6.2.1 GeneralCommercial media of same components described below can be used. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 17094:2014ISO 17094:2014(E)Volume of prepared media sh
43、ould be adjusted in accordance with the number of test pieces.6.2.2 1/500 nutrient broth (1/500 NB)For 100 ml of purified water, take 0,3 g meat extract, 1,0 g peptone, and 0,5 g sodium chloride, put them into a flask and dissolve them thoroughly. When the contents are thoroughly dissolved, use a so
44、lution of sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid to bring the pH to (7,1 0,1) at 25 C. Take 2 ml of this medium and dilute it by 500 times using purified water, and set the pH to (7,0 0,2) using hydrochloric acid solution or sodium hydroxide solution. Sterilize in an autoclave at 121 C 2 C for at lea
45、st 15 min. After preparation, if 1/500 nutrient broth is not used immediately, store it at 5 C to 10 C. Do not use 1/500 nutrient broth made more than 1 month ago.6.2.3 Nutrient agarFor 1 000 ml of purified water, take 3,0 g meat extract, 5,0 g peptone, put them into a flask and dissolve them thorou
46、ghly. When the contents are thoroughly dissolved, use a solution of sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid to bring the pH to (6,8 0,2) at 25 C. Add 15,0 g agar powder to this medium and heat the flask in boiling water to dissolve agar powder thoroughly. Add a cotton plug and sterilize in an autoclav
47、e (see 6.2.2). After preparation, if nutrient agar is not used immediately, store it at 5 C to 10 C. Do not use nutrient agar made more than one month ago. Keep the medium temperature between 45 C and 48 C when mixing with a bacterial suspension.6.2.4 Soybean-casein digest broth with lecithin and po
48、lysorbate 80 (SCDLP)For 1 000 ml of purified water, take 17,0 g casein peptone, 3,0 g soybean peptone, 5,0 g sodium chloride, 2,5 g dipotassium hydrogenphosphate, 2,5 g glucose, 1,0 g lecithin, put them into a flask and dissolve them thoroughly. Add 7,0 g polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate and diss
49、olve it. Use a solution of sodium hydroxide or hydrochloric acid to bring the pH of (7,0 0,2) at 25 C. Sterilize in an autoclave (see 6.2.2). If necessary, dispense it in a test tube, add a cotton plug and sterilize in an autoclave (see 6.2.2). After preparation, if SCDLP is not used immediately, store it at 5 C to 10 C. Do not use SCDLP made more than one month ago.6.2.5 Physiological saline solutionFor 1 000 ml of purified water, take 8,5 g sodium chloride, put it into a flask and dissolve it thoroughly.
