1、BSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 17741:2016General technical rules formeasurement, calculation andverification of energy savingsof projectsBS ISO 17741:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 17741:2016. The UK participation in its preparation was e
2、ntrusted to TechnicalCommittee SEM/1/2, Energy Efficiency Saving Calculations and Benchmarking.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsi
3、ble for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 84844 5 ICS 27.010 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards P
4、olicy and Strategy Committee on 30 April 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 17741:2016 ISO 2016General technical rules for measurement, calculation and verification of energy savings of projectsRgles techniques gnrales pour la mesure, le calcul et l
5、a vrification des conomies dnergie dans les projetsINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO17741First edition2016-05-01Reference numberISO 17741:2016(E)BS ISO 17741:2016ISO 17741:2016(E)ii ISO 2016 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2016, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwi
6、se specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address bel
7、ow or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 17741:2016ISO 17741:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13
8、 Terms and definitions . 14 Concept of energy savings of a project . 55 Procedure of M in thermal systems, heat supply or heat removal.SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.1INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 17741:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 17741:2016ISO 17741:2016(E)3.4energy baselinequantit
9、ative reference(s) providing a basis for comparison of energy performance (3.7)Note 1 to entry: An energy baseline reflects a specified period of time.Note 2 to entry: An energy baseline can be normalized using variables which affect energy use (3.10) and/or consumption (3.5) e.g. production level,
10、degree days (outdoor temperature), etc.Note 3 to entry: Energy baseline is also used for calculation of energy savings (3.9), as a reference before and after implementation of energy performance improvement actions (3.8).SOURCE: ISO 50001:2011, 3.63.5energy consumptionquantity of energy (3.3) applie
11、dNote 1 to entry: Energy consumption can be quantified before/after or/and with/without any energy performance improvement action (3.8).SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.13, modified the original Note 1 replaced by a new Note 13.6energy efficiencyratio or other quantitative relationship between an o
12、utput of performance, service, goods or energy (3.3) and an input of energyEXAMPLE Conversion efficiency; energy required/energy used; output/input; theoretical energy used to operate/energy used to operate.Note 1 to entry: Both input and output need to be clearly specified in quantity and quality,
13、and be measurable.SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.4.13.7energy performancemeasurable results related to energy efficiency (3.6), energy use (3.10) and energy consumption (3.5)Note 1 to entry: In this International Standard, energy performance (3.7) is only for energy consumption (3.5).SOURCE: ISO/IE
14、C 13273-1:2015, 3.3.1, modified added Note 1 to entry3.8energy performance improvement actionEPIAaction or measure (or group of actions or measures) implemented or planned within a project intended to achieve energy performance (3.7) improvement through technological, management, behavioural, econom
15、ic, or other changesSOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.5, modified “an organization” replaced by “a project”3.9energy savingsreduction of energy consumption (3.5) compared to an adjusted energy baseline (3.4)Note 1 to entry: Energy savings may be the result of implementation of an action(s).Note 2 to entry:
16、The energy baseline can be adjusted with routine adjustment (3.20) and/or non-routine adjustment (3.15).SOURCE: ISO 17742:2015, 2.19, modified added ”adjusted” before “energy baseline”, notes 1 and 2 rewritten2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 17741:2016ISO 17741:2016(E)3.10energy usemanner or kin
17、d of application of energy (3.3)EXAMPLE Ventilation; lighting; heating; cooling; transportation; processes; production lines.Note 1 to entry: Characteristics of energy use include, but are not limited to, the purpose of the use, source(s) choice and application.SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.123.
18、11energy using systemphysical items with defined boundaries (3.2), using energy (3.3)EXAMPLE Facility, building, part of a building, machine, equipment, product, etc.SOURCE: ISO/IEC 13273-1:2015, 3.1.9, “system” deleted3.12installation and commissioning periodspecific period of time during which the
19、 EPIA (3.8) is put in place and inspection has been done on the equipment that is installed, including the operation procedures, to ensure that they conform to the design intent of the EPIA3.13interactive effectsignificant energy result occurring beyond the project (3.16) boundary (3.2) as a consequ
20、ence of action(s) within the project boundaryNote 1 to entry: When implementing multiple EPIAs (3.8) within one project boundary, correctly identifying and accounting for additive savings is important.Note 2 to entry: “significant” is decided by the stakeholder.EXAMPLE Changing the lighting system t
21、o be more efficient type will have an interactive effect on the HVAC system. If the project boundary is the lighting system only, the interactive effect on the HVAC system should be considered by choosing M weather conditions (outdoor temperature, degree days); operating hours, operating parameters
22、(operational temperature, light level).SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.18, modified EXAMPLE rewritten3.18reported energy savingsenergy savings (3.9) reported as a result of the M see Reference 4.SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.20, modified note 1 deleted and new notes 1 and 2 added3.21static factorsidentified f
23、actor that impacts energy performance (3.7) and does not routinely changeEXAMPLE 1 Facility size; design of installed equipment; the number of weekly production shifts; the number or type of occupants, range of products.4 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 17741:2016ISO 17741:2016(E)EXAMPLE 2 A chan
24、ge in a static factor could be a change in a manufacturing process, raw material from aluminium to plastic, and can lead to a non-routine adjustment (3.15).SOURCE: ISO 50015:2014, 3.224 Concept of energy savings of a projectEnergy savings are the difference between the energy consumption during the
25、baseline period adjusted with routine adjustments and/or non-routine adjustments (adjusted energy baseline) and the energy consumption during the reporting period.The energy savings are expressed by Formula (1).EEEsar= (1)whereEsis the energy savings;Eais the adjusted energy baseline;Eris the energy
26、 consumption during the reporting period.Figure 1 shows the energy savings as hatched area between the adjusted energy baseline and the energy consumption during the reporting period.EnergyconsumptionBaseline periodInstallation and commissioning periodReporting periodEnergy savingsAdjusted energy ba
27、seline Energy consumption during the reporting period Energy baseline (energy consumptionduring baseline period) Figure 1 Demonstration of energy savings of projects ISO 2016 All rights reserved 5BS ISO 17741:2016ISO 17741:2016(E)5 Procedure of M2) determination of baseline and reporting period;3) s
28、election of calculation method for M4) determination of specification of data collection and uncertainty of result.The preparation of Mxiis the value of relevant variables in baseline period;f is the function with a set of relevant variables and Eb.NOTE 1 Relevant variables usually include climatic
29、factors (such as indoor and outdoor temperature), operating factors (such as production, capacity utilization, and hotel occupancy rate), etc.NOTE 2 Method II can be applied to Option A, B and C in EVO 10000-1:2014 with varying M therefore, an adjustment is required to the energy baseline to reporti
30、ng period conditions. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 11BS ISO 17741:2016ISO 17741:2016(E)Careful and detailed determination of the MAmis the non-routine adjustments of the baseline period energy consumption to reporting period conditions;yiis the value of static factor in reporting period;g is the fun
31、ction with a set of input (y1, y2, yi) and Am.In reporting period, the value of relevant variable, xi, is obtained through measurement or estimation.Values assumed for unmeasured variables, the adjustment method and assumption should be agreed to by the project stakeholders and documented.NOTE Examp
32、les of non-EPIA related static factor is shown in 3.21.6.4.3.5 Calculation of energy savingsEnergy savings should be calculated by Formula (1) (see Clause 4).6.4.4 Method III: Calibrated simulation6.4.4.1 GeneralMethod III involves using or developing a software simulation that can calculate energy
33、consumption using inputs of relevant variables such as weather data and/or operating conditions within the M reporting period simulation model: the simulation model that includes EPIA.A simulation model has parameters to be set (e.g. area of the floor, operation schedule of facilities, performance o
34、f energy using equipment, insulation performance of buildings, location of the facility).NOTE 1 Simulations can be performed using a range of software platforms, from simple mathematical simulation models to systems with Computer Aided Design (CAD) or graphics capabilities, etc. and can be static or
35、 dynamic depending on the circumstances.NOTE 2 Method III can be applied to Option D in EVO 10000-1:2014.12 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS ISO 17741:2016ISO 17741:2016(E)The simulation calculation is applicable where baseline energy data are not sufficient for the Method II, reporting period energy
36、data are not sufficient for the Method II, and Method I (see 6.4.2) and Method II (see 6.4.3) are not suitable.NOTE 3 The examples of the case where baseline energy data are not sufficient for the Method II are as follows: data of energy consumption and relevant variable are unavailable; the number
37、of samples does not meet the requirement agreed to by stakeholders; accuracy of measurements is not as specified in the agreement between stakeholders.These can occur in the case where measurements are complex and/or entail high costs.The following points should be considered when using simulation c
38、alculation: Except for the baseline period simulation model of new facilities or equipment, the simulation model should be checked in advance to ensure the consistency between energy consumption simulation data and measured data.NOTE 1 For new systems, calibration might be possible by using data and
39、 measurements from a similar existing plant; The simulation condition (including survey data and the metering or monitoring data used to define input values), result and details of the model (including the model version and model type) should be documented.NOTE 2 Certain details (model, type, versio
40、n, etc.) can be found in Reference 1; Except for the baseline period simulation model of new facilities or equipment, a simulation model should be calibrated so that it predicts the energy performance that matches actual metered data well enough to be accepted by the project stakeholders.6.4.4.2 Cal
41、ibrationThe accuracy of energy savings calculated through simulation model depends on how well the simulation results fit to the actual energy consumption within the M therefore, calibration should be done to the simulation model by comparing the simulation results to the calibration data including
42、measured energy data and relevant variables.The procedure of calibration is as shown in Figure 3. The whole process of calibration goes with trial and error until the simulation results meet the required calibration accuracy.The main content of simulation is as follows:a) Define and document the sim
43、ulation modelb) Collect calibration dataCalibration data can be obtained from the operation logs, measurement to the existing facility, etc.c) Assume or measure input parameters to the simulation modelThe input parameters obtained by means of assumption should be well accepted by the project stakeho
44、lders and actually widely used in the relevant project, such as the assumption of the annual operation hour of power plant or lighting system, etc.d) Run simulation model ISO 2016 All rights reserved 13BS ISO 17741:2016ISO 17741:2016(E)e) Verify the consistency between the simulation results and the
45、 measured energy dataThe difference between the simulated energy results and the measured energy data used as calibration data should meet the calibration accuracy required by the stakeholders in the M2) measurement data, provided by utility companies;3) relevant variables data, such as weather data
46、, production volumes, floor areas, customer numbers, etc.b) Data collection meansThe data may be acquired from different means, including, but not limited to the following:1) metered data provided by utility companies;2) measurement, such as readings on energy and/or relevant variable measuring mete
47、rs or other instruments;3) simulation, such as energy consumption data of energy using equipment or systems obtained through computer simulation and calibration;4) estimation/assumption;The estimated or assumed data used for M5) manufacturers data, such as pump curves;6) handbooks, standards or typi
48、cal operating procedures for new plant, such as design temperatures or pressures.c) Data accuracyThe requirements for data accuracy should be determined in consultation with the project stakeholders.d) Data collection frequencyCollection frequency of different types of data should match each other.
49、Data frequency should be sufficient to capture operating conditions and provide an adequate number of data points for analysis.EXAMPLE Where monthly energy measurements are used, weather data could be recorded daily so it can be matched to the actual energy-metering reading dates and then averaged over the month.NOTE Measurement can be done through sampling as per agreed uncertainty.6.6 UncertaintyThe accuracy of the result is affected by uncertainty. There is a trade-off between uncertainty level
