1、BS ISO18352:2009ICS 83.120NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDCarbon-fibre-reinforced plastics Determination ofcompression-after-impact properties ata specified impact-energy levelThis British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards
2、Policy andStrategy Committee on 30September 2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 61323 4Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS ISO 18352:2009National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 18352:2009.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Techni
3、calCommittee PRI/42, Fibre reinforced thermosetting plastics and prepregs.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct app
4、lication.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.BS ISO 18352:2009Reference numberISO 18352:2009(E)ISO 2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO18352First edition2009-08-15Carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics Determination of compression-after-impact properties at a specifie
5、d impact-energy level Plastiques renforcs de fibres de carbone Dtermination des proprits de compression aprs impact un niveau dnergie spcifi BS ISO 18352:2009ISO 18352:2009(E) PDF disclaimer This PDF file may contain embedded typefaces. In accordance with Adobes licensing policy, this file may be pr
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10、01 11 Fax + 41 22 749 09 47 E-mail copyrightiso.org Web www.iso.org Published in Switzerland ii ISO 2009 All rights reservedBS ISO 18352:2009ISO 18352:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Principle. 3 5
11、Conditioning of specimens and test environment 4 5.1 Standard conditioning procedure for specimens . 4 5.2 Environmental test chamber for impact and compression tests 4 6 Test apparatus 4 6.1 General. 4 6.2 Impact facility 4 6.3 Support fixture for specimen. 4 6.4 Non-destructive testing instrument
12、6 6.5 Compression-testing machine 6 6.6 Compression-loading fixture. 6 6.7 Measuring apparatus 7 6.8 Strain gauges 8 7 Specimens . 8 7.1 Dimensions 8 7.2 Specimen preparation 9 7.3 Number of specimens 10 8 Procedure 10 8.1 Specimen conditioning 10 8.2 Measurement of specimen dimensions 10 8.3 Impact
13、 test . 10 8.4 Non-destructive testing (NDT). 11 8.5 Inspection of specimens 11 8.6 Compression test 11 9 Validation. 13 10 Calculation of results . 14 10.1 CAI strength 14 10.2 CAI modulus 15 10.3 Maximum CAI strain . 15 10.4 Rounding the results 15 10.5 Standard deviation and coefficient of variat
14、ion 15 11 Test report . 16 Annex A (normative) Detailed drawings of the components of the compression-loading fixture 17 Bibliography . 20 BS ISO 18352:2009ISO 18352:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
15、national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Inte
16、rnational organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with th
17、e rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval b
18、y at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 18352 was prepared by Technical Committee IS
19、O/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 13, Composites and reinforcement fibres. BS ISO 18352:2009INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18352:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 1Carbon-fibre-reinforced plastics Determination of compression-after-impact properties at a specified impact-energy level 1 Scope This In
20、ternational Standard specifies a method for determining the residual compression strength of multidirectional polymer matrix composite laminate plates that have been damaged by impact prior to the application of in-plane compressive loading. The test method is suitable for continuous-fibre-reinforce
21、d polymer matrix composites. Application of the method is limited to fibre-reinforced plastic laminates with multidirectional reinforcements manufactured from unidirectional prepreg tapes/fabrics or woven fabrics. The test method is referred to as the compression-after-impact (CAI) test when used to
22、 determine the residual compression strength of an impacted plate. It can be used to obtain data for material specification, material evaluation, research and development, or construction of a composite database. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the app
23、lication of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 291, Plastics Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testing ISO 1268-4:2005, Fibre-reinforced plastics Me
24、thods of producing test plates Part 4: Moulding of prepregs ISO 5893, Rubber and plastics test equipment Tensile, flexural and compression types (constant rate of traverse) Specification ISO 14127, Carbon-fibre-reinforced composites Determination of the resin, fibre and void contents ISO 80000-1:1),
25、 Quantities and units Part 1: General 1) To be published. (Revision of ISO 31-0:1992) BS ISO 18352:2009ISO 18352:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 compression-after-impact test CAI test in-p
26、lane compression test undertaken on a composite laminate loaded in the plane of the laminate, after applying an out-of-plane concentrated impact load under defined conditions 3.2 specified impact energy potential energy of the drop-weight, specified by the mass and drop height of the indenter, to wh
27、ich composite laminate specimens will be subjected, expressed in joules 3.3 barely visible impact damage BVID impact damage corresponding to a dent depth of 0,3 mm 3.4 energy to cause BVID EBVIDimpact energy required to cause BVID, expressed in joules 3.5 compression-after-impact strength CAImaximum
28、 compressive load sustained by the impacted specimen divided by the initial cross-sectional area of the specimen, expressed in MN/m23.6 compression-after-impact modulus ECAIcompression modulus of the specimen calculated between 0,05 % and 0,25 % strain, expressed in GN/m23.7 maximum compressive stra
29、in cmaxmaximum value of the compressive strain sustained by the specimen at the maximum compressive load 3.8 dent depth residual depth of the depression formed by the indenter after the impact event, expressed as the maximum distance, in millimetres, in a direction normal to the face of the specimen
30、 from the lowest point in the dent to the plane of the undisturbed impact surface 3.9 damage parameters quantities used to characterize the extent of impact damage, including the maximum diameter of the delamination and the projected area of the delamination BS ISO 18352:2009ISO 18352:2009(E) ISO 20
31、09 All rights reserved 34 Principle The CAI test detailed in this International Standard consists of three phases as depicted in Figure 1. The first phase is to generate barely visible impact damage (BVID), avoiding penetration of the test plate. The preferred method of introducing BVID is based on
32、a specified level of impact energy applied to one face of a specimen made of a balanced and symmetrical composite laminate. NOTE An alternative method allows the operator to vary the level of impact energy in order to determine the energy level required to cause BVID. An additional ISO method will b
33、e proposed and drafted to cover this method of setting the impact energy. The second phase consists of assessing the level of impact damage by non-destructive testing (NDT) also referred to as non-destructive inspection (NDI) and by measurement of the dent depth on the impacted face. The area and ge
34、ometry of the damage created by the impact shall be measured by means of an appropriate non-destructive testing technique, and the dent depth measured by a suitable device. Measurement of residual in-plane compression properties is undertaken in the third stage. A compressive load is applied to the
35、impacted specimen until failure occurs. The CAI strength, modulus and strain are calculated from the load strain data collected, as detailed in Clause 10. a) Impact test configuration b) Non-destructive testing and dent depth measurement c) Compression test Key 1 specimen 2 delamination 3 compressiv
36、e load, F Figure 1 Principle of the compression-after-impact test A flat, rectangular composite plate is subjected to a transverse, concentrated impact using a drop-weight device with a hemispherical indenter. The energy of the impact, determined by the mass and drop height of the indenter, is speci
37、fied. Equipment and procedures are prescribed for measurement of the contact force and the indenter velocity during the impact event. Damage resistance is quantified in terms of the extent and type of damage present in the specimen after impact. After impact, an in-plane compressive load is applied
38、to the specimen until failure, and the compression-after-impact strength, modulus and strain are calculated from the recorded load-strain response. The properties measured by this test method are highly dependent upon several factors, including specimen geometry, laminate lay-up, indenter geometry,
39、indenter mass, impact energy, impact force, damage size and location and support conditions. Thus, the results are generally not comparable to other CAI test configurations but are particular to the specific combination of geometric and physical test parameters used. BS ISO 18352:2009ISO 18352:2009(
40、E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reservedThe test does not provide information to satisfy structural-integrity and safety requirements. It is the responsibility of the user to consider and establish appropriate structural-integrity limits and safety factors. 5 Conditioning of specimens and test environment
41、5.1 Standard conditioning procedure for specimens Specimens shall be conditioned at (23 2) C and (50 10) % RH unless different conditions are agreed upon by the interested parties. 5.2 Environmental test chamber for impact and compression tests An environmental test chamber is required for test envi
42、ronments other than ambient. The chamber shall be capable of maintaining the test specimen at the required temperature and humidity throughout the test. Tests shall be conducted in the same environment as the specimens were conditioned in. When the interested parties agree, it is permitted to undert
43、ake impact and compression tests under ambient conditions after hot-wet conditioning procedures. NOTE The impact and compression properties of fibre-reinforced plastics are affected by moisture absorption. 6 Test apparatus 6.1 General The test apparatus consists of an impact facility, a specimen sup
44、port fixture, suitable non-destructive testing equipment, a compression-testing machine, a compression fixture, tools for measurement of the specimen dimensions and a strain measurement system. Details of each of these items are provided in the following subclauses. 6.2 Impact facility The impact fa
45、cility shall be fitted with a steel drop-weight indenter with a hemispherical head (16 0,1) mm in diameter. The impact facility shall be mounted on a rigid base and have a suitable guide mechanism for the drop-weight indenter, as shown in Figure 2. The indenter shall impact the centre of the top sur
46、face of the specimen by dropping under gravity with minimal friction effects from the guide rails. A second-strike prohibition mechanism shall be employed to ensure that specimens are only impacted once, i.e. to prevent bouncing of the indenter and therefore multiple strikes. The recommended mass of
47、 the indenter is 5 kg to 6 kg and the hardness of the indenter tip shall be between 60 HRC and 62 HRC (Rockwell, diamond cone, 150 kg). The minimum drop height is determined by the mass of the indenter, the specimen thickness and the specified impact energy, as given in 8.3. NOTE The use of an instr
48、umented impact facility capable of measuring indenter velocity and indentation forces and having a data acquisition system is preferred. ISO 6603-1 and ISO 6603-2 are suggested as references. 6.3 Support fixture for specimen during impact test The specimen support fixture shall hold the specimen fla
49、t against the support frame during impact, holding it down with sufficient, but not excessive, force at its four corners using rubber-tipped toggle clamps. The fixture shall consist of a base 18 mm thick made of steel with a surface which is flat to within 0,1 mm in the region of contact with the specimen. The base-plate shall contain a window (125 1) mm in length and (75 1) mm in width. An example of a suitable support is shown in Figure 3. The support fixture shall be supported rigidly on a solid base
