1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS ISO 18738-1:2012Measurement of ride qualityPart 1: Lifts (elevators)BS ISO 18738-1:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO
2、18738-1:2012. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T e c h n i c a l Committee MHE/4, Lifts, hoists and escalators.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary prov
3、isions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012.ISBN 978 0 580 70157 3 ICS 91.140.90 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was pub
4、lished under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dBS ISO 18738-1:2012 ISO 2012Measurement of ride quality Part 1: Lifts (elevators)Mesure de la qualit de dplacement Partie 1: AscenseursINTERNAT
5、IONAL STANDARDISO18738-1First edition2012-10-15Reference numberISO 18738-1:2012(E)BS ISO 18738-1:2012ISO 18738-1:2012(E)ii ISO 2012 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2012All rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in an
6、y form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm, without permission in writing from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCase postale 56 CH-1211 Geneva 20Tel. + 41 22 749 01 11Fax + 41 22 749 09
7、 47E-mail copyrightiso.orgWeb www.iso.orgPublished in SwitzerlandBS ISO 18738-1:2012ISO 18738-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Measuring instrumentation 34.1 General . 34.2 Characteristics
8、. 34.3 Processing of vibration data 34.4 Environmental effects . 44.5 Sound measurement requirements 44.6 Calibration requirements . 45 Evaluation of ride quality 45.1 Boundaries of calculation 45.2 Acceleration and deceleration . 55.3 Jerk 75.4 Vibration . 85.5 Velocity 105.6 Sound 116 Procedure an
9、d expression of results 116.1 Preparation for measurement and expression of results 116.2 Location of transducers 126.3 Personnel 146.4 Measurement process 146.5 Reporting of results . 14Annex A (normative) Calculation of peak-to-peak vibration levels 16Annex B (normative) Calculation of constant an
10、d non-constant acceleration regions 17Bibliography .18BS ISO 18738-1:2012ISO 18738-1:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried o
11、ut through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO c
12、ollaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International S
13、tandards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements
14、of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 18738-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 178, Lifts, escalators, passenger conveyors.ISO 18738 consists of the following parts, under the general title
15、Measurement of ride quality: Part 1: Lifts (elevators) Part 2: Escalators and moving walksiv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 18738-1:2012ISO 18738-1:2012(E)IntroductionThe objective of this part of ISO 18738 is to encourage industry-wide uniformity in the definition, measurement, processing and e
16、xpression of vibration and noise signals that comprise lift ride quality.The aim of such uniformity is to benefit lift industry clients by reducing variability in the results of lift ride quality measurements caused by differences in the methods of acquiring and quantifying the signals.This part of
17、ISO 18738 is intended to be referred to by those parties interested ina) developing manufacturing specifications and calibration methods for instrumentation,b) defining the scope of the specifications for lift ride quality in contracts, andc) measuring lift ride quality in accordance with an Interna
18、tional Standard.It is intended to produce lift ride quality measurements whicha) are simple to understand without specialized knowledge of noise and vibration analysis,b) correlate well with human response to ensure plausibility, andc) are accountable via calibration procedures which are traceable t
19、o national standards.This part of ISO 18738 refers to ISO 8041 and IEC 61672 and has drawn significantly on the considerable body of research implicit in these standards. However, several special challenges drawing on additional research and development were also recognized.Experience in the lift in
20、dustry indicates that evaluation of vibration in terms of peak-to-peak levels is of particular relevance to passenger comfort. It was considered necessary for this part of ISO 18738 to provide a dual form of expression, quantifying both the maximum peak-to-peak and A95 peak-to-peak vibration levels.
21、To minimize the adverse effects of external influences unique to the lift industry, it was considered necessary to prescribe the prerequisites and method of the measurement process as well as the relevant boundaries (start and end points) over which each signal is quantified.It was also considered n
22、ecessary to analyse vertical vibration and vertical motion control separately in order to correlate with human response.Finally, through the inclusion of algorithms amenable to digital programming, this part of ISO 18738 reflects the commercial need in the lift industry for instrumentation capable o
23、f rapid automatic computation of the required signal quantities. Analog systems may be used provided that the requirements of this part of ISO 18738 are met. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS ISO 18738-1:2012BS ISO 18738-1:2012Measurement of ride quality Part 1: Lifts (elevators)1 ScopeThis part of I
24、SO 18738 specifies requirements and methodology for the measurement and reporting of lift ride quality during lift motion. It does not specify acceptable or unacceptable ride quality.NOTE Lift performance parameters are often referenced in conjunction with lift ride quality. Parameters relevant to l
25、ift performance include jerk and acceleration. This part of ISO 18738 defines and uses performance parameters where they are integral to the evaluation of ride quality.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated reference
26、s, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 2041:2009, Vibration and shock VocabularyISO 5805:1997, Mechanical vibration and shock Human exposure VocabularyISO 8041:2005, Human response to vibration M
27、easuring instrumentationIEC 61672-1:2002, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 1: SpecificationsIEC 61672-2:2003, Electroacoustics Sound level meters Part 2: Pattern Evaluation TestsISO 80000-8:2007, Quantities and units Part 8: AcousticsISO/IEC Guide 98:1993, Guide to the expression of uncertai
28、nty in measurement (GUM)3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 2041, ISO 5805, IEC 61672, and ISO 80000-8 and the following apply.3.1accelerationrate of change of z-axis velocity, attributed to lift motion controlNOTE It is expressed in metre
29、s per second squared (m/s2).3.2vibrationvariation with time of the magnitude of acceleration, when the magnitude is alternately greater and smaller than the average acceleration of the lift when no lift motion is presentNOTE 1 It is expressed in metres per second squared (m/s2).NOTE 2 The deprecated
30、 unit Gal (Galileo) is sometimes used: 1 Gal = 0,01 m/s2.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 18738-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 18738-1:2012ISO 18738-1:2012(E)3.3A95value of acceleration or vibration, within defined boundaries or limits, which 95 % of found values are equal to or less thanN
31、OTE 1 This value is used statistically to estimate typical levels.NOTE 2 See 5.2.3, 5.4.1 and 5.4.3.3.4velocityrate of change of z-axis displacement, attributed to lift motion controlNOTE Velocity is reported as speed and direction of travel. It is given in metres per second (m/s).3.5V95value of vel
32、ocity, within defined boundaries or limits, which 95 % of found values are equal to or less thanNOTE 1 This value is used statistically to estimate typical levels.NOTE 2 See 5.5.3.3.6axes of measurementorthogonal reference axes for the measurements, where for lifts of conventional configuration, x i
33、s the perpendicular to the plane of the car front door (i.e. back to front); y is the perpendicular to x and z (i.e. side to side); z is the perpendicular to the car floor (i.e. vertical)NOTE For lifts of unconventional configuration, the axes should be defined for directions of basicentric coordina
34、te systems for mechanical vibrations influencing human subjects, for a standing person facing the front car door, in accordance with ISO 2631-1.3.7lift ride qualitysound levels in the car, and vibration of the car floor, relevant to passenger perception, associated with lift motion3.8jerkrate of cha
35、nge of z-axis acceleration, attributed to lift motion controlNOTE 1 The passenger perception of vertical ride quality during jerk is represented by the assessment of vertical vibration during non-constant acceleration. See 5.3 and 5.4.3.NOTE 2 Jerk is expressed in metres per second cubed (m/s3).3.9p
36、eak-to-peak vibration levelssum of the magnitudes of two peaks of opposite sign separated by a single zero crossing3.10sound pressure levelLp,Asound pressure level using frequency weighting A as defined in IEC 61672-1:Lp,A= 10 lg (pA2/p02) dB(A)NOTE 1 The reference sound pressure level, p0, is 20 Pa
37、 (2 105Pa).NOTE 2 The measured sound pressure, pA, in Pascals (Pa), using frequency weighting A.2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS ISO 18738-1:2012ISO 18738-1:2012(E)3.11equivalent sound pressure levelLAeqaverage sound pressure level, using frequency weighting A and time weighting “fast”, determined w
38、ithin defined boundaries4 Measuring instrumentation4.1 GeneralThe measuring instrumentation shall consist of the following:a) transducers to measure acceleration in each of the three orthogonal axes;b) a transducer to measure the sound pressure level;c) data acquisition system;d) data storage system
39、;e) data processing system.4.2 CharacteristicsThe characteristics of the measuring instrumentation shall be as described in Table 1.Table 1 Characteristics of measuring instrumentationCharacteristic Vibration Acceleration SoundFrequency weightingWhole body x, y, z (see ISO 8041)N/AA-weighted (see IE
40、C 61672-1)Band limiting See ISO 804110 Hz low-pass filter, (2-pole Butterworth)N/AAccuracyaType 1 (see ISO 8041) Type 1 (see ISO 8041)bClass 2 (see IEC 61672-1)Time weighting N/A N/A Fast (see IEC 61672-1)Environmental See ISO 8041 See ISO 8041 See IEC 61672-1Resolution 0,005 m/s20,01 m/s21 dBMeasur
41、ement range20 % above max. instantaneous acceleration to 20 % below min. instantaneous accelerationc20 % above max. acceleration to 20 % below min. accelerationd2 dB below min. to 5 dB above max.eN/A = not applicableaThe signals shall be filtered to exclude aliasing.bAccuracy in the range from 0 Hz
42、to 1 Hz shall be equal to the accuracy specified for 1 Hz in ISO 8041.cA range of 1,5 m/s2to +1,5 m/s2should meet the above requirement.dA range of 7 m/s2to 13 m/s2should meet the above requirement.eA range from 30 dB to 90 dB (A-weighted) should meet the above requirement.4.3 Processing of vibratio
43、n dataVibration data shall be weighted in accordance with ISO 8041 to simulate the human bodys response to vibration. ISO 2012 All rights reserved 3BS ISO 18738-1:2012ISO 18738-1:2012(E)The vibration signals shall be frequency weighted with the whole body x, y and z weighting factors and band limiti
44、ng as defined in ISO 8041.For digital sampling systems, uncompressed data shall be used.4.4 Environmental effectsThe instrumentation shall comply with the criteria for mechanical vibration, temperature range and humidity range specified in ISO 8041.4.5 Sound measurement requirementsThe sound measuri
45、ng system shall comply with the requirements for Class 2 sound level meters as specified in IEC 61672-1:2002.4.6 Calibration requirements4.6.1 GeneralAll instrumentation calibrations shall be traceable to national standards. The measurement system shall be calibrated before first use, and following
46、any major repairs or modifications likely to affect the calibration.4.6.2 Vibration measuring systemCalibration shall include determination of the reading error for sinusoidal input at 8 Hz and at five or more other frequencies approximately equally spaced between 0,1 Hz and 80 Hz, with acceleration
47、 amplitudes not less than 0,1 m/s2.Calibration shall be in accordance with ISO 8041.4.6.3 Acceleration measuring systemCalibration shall be at 8 Hz and at 0 Hz, as follows.a) At 8 Hz, the reading error shall be determined for at least five equally spaced acceleration amplitudes between 0,01 m/s2and
48、2,0 m/s2. Calibration shall be in accordance with ISO 8041.b) At 0 Hz, an accuracy check shall be performed. The system accuracy from 0 Hz to 1 Hz shall be equivalent to the accuracy specified in ISO 8041 for 1 Hz.4.6.4 Sound measuring systemCalibration of the sound measuring system shall be carried
49、 out with Class 2 sound level meters as specified in IEC 61672-2:2003.5 Evaluation of ride quality5.1 Boundaries of calculationThe following boundaries shall be used to define the regions over which signal quantities are calculated (see Figure 1).Boundary 0 at least 0,5 s before commencement of door closing at the departure terminal floor.Boundary 1 500 mm after commencement of lift motion from the departure terminal floor.Boundary 2 500 mm before cessation of lift motion at the arrival terminal floor.4 ISO 2012 All rights re
