1、BRITISH STANDARD BS ISO 19005-1:2005Incorporating corrigendaDocument management Electronic document file format for long-term preservation Part 1: Use of PDF 1.4 (PDF/A-1)ICS 35.240.30; 37.100.99nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnulln
2、ullnullnullnull nullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnull nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull nullnullnullApril 2007 andDecember 2011National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 19005-1:2005, incorporating corrigenda April 2007 and Dec
3、ember 2011.The start and finish of text introduced or altered by corrigendum is indicated in the text by tags . Text altered by ISO corrigendum April 2007 is indicated in the text by .The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee IDT/1, Document management applications
4、, to Subcommittee IDT/1/2, Document Management Applications - Applications issues.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for it
5、s correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.BS ISO 19005-1:2005This British Standard waspublished under the authorityof the Standards Policy andStrategy Committeeon 18 November 2005 The British Standards Institution 2012ISBN 978 0 580 76897
6、2Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Comments 17132Corrigendum No. 129 June 2007 See national foreword31 January 2012 Implementation of ISO corrigendum December 2011Reference numberISO 19005-1:2005(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO19005-1First edition2005-10-01Document management E
7、lectronic document file format for long-term preservation Part 1: Use of PDF 1.4 (PDF/A-1) Gestion de documents Format de fichier des documentslectroniques pour une conservation long terme Partie 1: Utilisation du PDF 1.4 (PDF/A-1)ii BS ISO 19005-1:2005 ISO 19005-1:2005 (E)iiiContents PageForeword i
8、vIntroduction v1Scope. 12Normative references. 13Terms and definitions. 24Notation . 45Conformance levels 45.1 General. 45.2 Level A conformance 55.3 Level B conformance 55.4 Conforming readers 56Technical requirements . 56.1 File structure. 56.2 Graphics 76.3 Fonts 106.4 Transparency 126.5Annotatio
9、ns. 126.6 Actions.136.7 Metadata 146.8Logical structure.196.9 Interactive Forms 21Annex A (informative) PDF/A-1 conformance summary 22Annex B (informative) Best practices for PDF/A. 26Bibliography. 28BS ISO 19005-1:2005 ISO 19005-1:2005 (E)iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standard
10、ization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member bodyinterested in a subject for which a technical committee has beenestablished has the right to be
11、 represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closel ywith the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standar
12、ds are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standardsadopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Internat
13、ional Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 19005-1 wa
14、s prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC171, Document management applications , Subcommittee SC 2, Application issues. ISO 19005 consists of the following parts, under the general title Document management Electronicdocument file format for long-term preservation: Part 1: Use of PDF 1.4 (PDF/A-1) BS
15、 ISO 19005-1:2005 ISO 19005-1:2005 (E)vIntroduction PDF is a digital format for representing documents. PDF files may be created nativelyin PDF form, converted from other electronic formats ordigitized from paper, microform, or other hard copy format. Businesses ,governments, libraries, archives and
16、 other institutions and individuals around the world use PDF to representconsiderable bodies of important information. Much of this information must be kept for substantial lengths oftime; some must be kept permanently. These PDF files must remain useable and accessible across multiple generations o
17、f technology. The future use of, and access to, these objects depends upon maintaining theirvisual appearance as well as their higher-order properties, such as the logical organization of pages, sections, and paragraphs, machine recoverable text stream in natural reading order, and a variety of admi
18、nistrative, preservation and descriptive metadata. Adobe Systems Incorporated makes the PDF specification publicly available. However, the inclusive, feature-rich nature of the format requires that additional constraints be placed on its use to make it suitable for the long-term preservation of elec
19、tronic documents.The primary purpose of this part of ISO 19005 is to define a file format based on PDF, known as PDF/A,which provides a mechanismfor representing electronic documents in a manner that preserves their visualappearance over time, independent of the tools and systems used for creating,
20、storing or rendering the files.A secondarypurpose of this part of ISO 19005 is to provide a framework for recording the context and history of electronic documents in metadata within conforming files.Another purpose of this part of ISO 19005 is todefine a framework for representing the logical struc
21、ture andother semantic information of electronic documents within conforming files.These goals are accomplished by identifying the set of PDF components that may be used, and restrictions on the form of their use, within conforming PDF/A files.By itself, PDF/A does not necessarily ensure that the vi
22、su al appearance of the content accurately reflects anyoriginal source material used to create the conforming file; e.g. the process used to create a conforming filemight substitute fonts, reflow text, downsample images or use lossy compression. Organizations that need to ensure that a conforming fi
23、le isan accurate representation of original sourc e material may need to impose additional requirements on the processes that generate the conforming file beyond those imposed by this partof ISO 19005. In addition, it isimportant for those organizations to implement policies and practices regarding
24、the inspection of conforming files for correct visual appearance. This part of ISO 19005 should be used as one component of an organizations electronic archival environmentfor long-term retention of documents. Successful implementation of this part of ISO 19005 for archival purposes depends upon: th
25、e retention requirements of an organizations archival environment, records management policies and procedures as specified in ISO 15489-1, 9 ; anyadditional requirements and conditions necessary to ensure the persistence of electronic documents and their characteristics over time, including, but not
26、 limited to, those defined by: ISO 14721; ISO/TR15801, 10; ISO/TR18492, 12; ISO 18509-1, 13; ISO 18509-2, 14; BS ISO 19005-1:2005 ISO 19005-1:2005 (E)vi qualityassurance processes necessary to verifyconformance with applicable requirements and conditions; e.g. an inspection regime to verify the qual
27、ity and integrityof converted source data. This part of ISO 19005 should lead to the development of various applications that read, render, write and validate conforming files.Different applications will incorporate va rious capabilities to prepare, in terpret and process conforming files based on n
28、eeds asperceived by the suppliers of those applications. However, it isimportant to note that a conforming application must be able to read and process appropriately all filescomplying with a specified conformance level. This document has been created as Part1 of ISO19005 to allow the creation of fu
29、ture parts, which canprovide compatibilitywith future versions of the underlying PDF specification without rendering this document or applications based on PDF Version 1.4 obsolete. The following terms, referring to this specification or parts thereof, are recommended when referring to this specific
30、ation when the full ISO name is not being used: “PDF/A” a synonym for the ISO 19005 family of standards; “PDF/A-1” a synonym for ISO 19005-1; “PDF/A-1a” a synonym for ISO 19 005-1 Level A conformance; “PDF/A-1b” a synonym for ISO 19005-1 Level B conformance. This part of ISO 19005, in conjunction wi
31、th PDF Reference and XMP Specification , January 2004, providessufficient information to interpret any conforming PDF/A file. PDF Reference contains a statement from Adobe Systems Incorporated concerning its intellectual propertyand its willingness to allow perpetual, royalty-free,non-exclusive use
32、of that property in order to promote the use of PDF. Adobe has provided ISO with a similarstatement relating to XMP Specification. In general, anyone may use PDF Reference and XMP Specification to create applications that read, write or otherwise process PDF/A files.Patent claims regarding applicati
33、ons that read, render, write or otherwise process PDF/A files are outside the scope of this part of ISO 19005.NPES and AIIM (accredited standards developingorganizations) maintain an ongoing series of application notes for guiding developers and users of this part of ISO 19005. These application not
34、es are availabl e atand . Both NPES andAIIM will also retain copies of the specific non-ISO normative references of this part of ISO 19005 which are publicly available electronic documents.BS ISO 19005-1:2005 ISO 19005-1:2005 (E)1Document management Electronic document file format forlong-term prese
35、rvation Part 1: Use of PDF 1.4 (PDF/A-1) 1 Scope This part of ISO 19005 specifies how to use the Portable Document Format (PDF) 1.4 for long-termpreservation of electronic documents. It is applicable to documents containing combinations of character,raster and vector data. This part of ISO 19005 doe
36、s not apply to: specific processes for converting paper or electronic documents to the PDF/A format; specific technical design, user interface, implementation, or operational details of r endering; specific physical methods of storing these documents such as media and storage conditions; required co
37、mputer hardware and/or operating systems. 2 NormativereferencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For datedreferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the r eferenceddocument (including any amendmen
38、ts) applies.ISO/IEC 646, Information technology ISO 7-bit coded character set for information interchangeNOTE 1 The character encoding defined in ISO/IEC 646 is equivalent to ANSI X3.4 (ASCII) 1 and ECMA-6 2. ISO/IEC 9541-1, Information technology Font information interchange Part1: ArchitectureISO/
39、IEC 10646-1, Information technology UniversalMultiple-Octet Coded Character Set (UCS) Part1: Architecture and Basic Multilingual PlaneNOTE 2 The character code values defined in ISO/IEC 10646-1 are equivalent to those of Unicode 22. ISO 14721, Space data and information transfer systems Open archiva
40、l information system ReferencemodelISO 15930-4, Graphic technology Prepress digital data exchange using PDF Part4: Complete exchange of CMYK and spot colour printing data using PDF 1.4 (PDF/X-1a)Date and Time Formats, W3C Note, 15 September 1997. Available from InternetBS ISO 19005-1:2005 ISO 19005-
41、1:2005 (E)2Errata for PDF Reference , third edition, 18 June 2003. Available from Internet Extensible Markup Language (XML) 1.0 (Third Edition), W3C Recommendation, 4 February 2004. Available from Internet ICC.1:1998-09, File Format for Color Profiles, International Color Consortium. Available from
42、Internet ICC.1A:1999-04, Addendum 2 to Spec. ICC.1:1998-09, International Color Consortium. Available fromInternet PDF Reference: Adobe Portable Document Format, Version 1.4, Adobe Systems Incorporated 3rd ed. (ISBN 0-201-75839-3). Available from Internet RDF/XML Syntax Specification (Revised), W3C
43、Recommendation, 10 February2004. Available from InternetTags for the Identification of Languages, RFC 1766, March 1995. Available from Internet XMP Specification, January2004, Adobe Systems Incorporated. Available from Internet NOTE 3AIIM and NPES (accredited standards developing organizations) main
44、tain copies of the non-ISO referencesthat are publicly available electronic documents. 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1 conformance level identified set of restrictions and requirements to which files and readers must complyISO
45、15930-4 3.2 cross reference tablePDF data structure that contains the byte offset of the start of indirect objects within the file 3.3 dictionaryassociative table containing key-value pairs, specifying the name and value of an attribute for objects, which isgenerally used to collect and tie together
46、 the attributes of a complex object ISO 15930-4 3.4 electronic documentelectronic representation of a page-oriented aggregation of text and graphic data, and metadata useful toidentify, understand and render that data, that can be reproduced on paper or optical microform withoutsignificant loss of i
47、ts information content 3.5 end-of-file markerfive character sequence %EOF marking the end of a PDF file BS ISO 19005-1:2005 ISO 19005-1:2005 (E)33.6 end-of-line marker EOLmarkerone or two character sequence marking the end of a line of text, consisting of a CARRIAGE RETURNcharacter (0Dh) or a LINE F
48、EED character (0Ah) or a CARRIAGE RETURN followed immediately by a LINEFEED3.7 font identified collection of graphics that may be glyphs orother graphic elementsISO 15930-4 3.8 glyph recognizable abstract graphic symbol that is independent of any specific design ISO/IEC 9541-13.9 ICC profilecolour p
49、rofile conforming to the ICC specification and its addendumICC.1:1998-09 and ICC.1A:1999-04 3.10 interactive readerreader that requires or allows human interaction during the softwares processing phase NOTE A file viewing tool is an example of an interactive reader; a raster image processor is an example of a readerthat is not interactive. 3.11 Level A conformanceconformance level encompassing all requirements of this part of ISO 19005 3.12 Level B conformanceconformance level encomp
