1、Rubber and rubber products Determination of biobased contentPart 1: General principles and calculation methods using the formulation of the rubber compoundBS ISO 19984-1:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06 ISO 2017Rubber and rubber products Determina
2、tion of biobased content Part 1: General principles and calculation methods using the formulation of the rubber compoundlastomres et produits base dlastomres Dtermination de la teneur en composs biosourcs Partie 1: Principes gnraux et mthodes de calcul utilisant la formulation du mlange de caoutchou
3、cINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO19984-1First edition2017-08Reference numberISO 19984-1:2017(E)National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of ISO 19984-1:2017.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/22, Testing and analysis of rubber.A list of or
4、ganizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited
5、2017ISBN 978 0 580 88040 7ICS 83.060Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 September 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text aff
6、ectedBRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 19984-1:2017 ISO 2017Rubber and rubber products Determination of biobased content Part 1: General principles and calculation methods using the formulation of the rubber compoundlastomres et produits base dlastomres Dtermination de la teneur en composs biosourcs Partie 1:
7、Principes gnraux et mthodes de calcul utilisant la formulation du mlange de caoutchoucINTERNATIONAL STANDARDISO19984-1First edition2017-08Reference numberISO 19984-1:2017(E)BS ISO 19984-1:2017ISO 19984-1:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All rights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in Switze
8、rlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requ
9、ested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrightiso.orgwww.iso.orgBS ISO 19984-1:2017ISO 19984-1:2017(E)ii ISO 2017 All r
10、ights reservedCOPYRIGHT PROTECTED DOCUMENT ISO 2017, Published in SwitzerlandAll rights reserved. Unless otherwise specified, no part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized otherwise in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, or posting on the internet
11、or an intranet, without prior written permission. Permission can be requested from either ISO at the address below or ISOs member body in the country of the requester.ISO copyright officeCh. de Blandonnet 8 CP 401CH-1214 Vernier, Geneva, SwitzerlandTel. +41 22 749 01 11Fax +41 22 749 09 47copyrighti
12、so.orgwww.iso.orgISO 19984-1:2017(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 24.1 Identification indices for rubber or a rubber product to determine the biobased content . 24.2 Condition level 1: when all (a), (b) and (c) are available 34.3 C
13、ondition level 2: when (a) is available but (b) and/or (c) is unavailable 34.4 Condition level 3: none of (a), (b) nor (c) is available . 34.5 Distinction between biobased carbon content and biobased mass content . 34.6 Principle of determination of the biobased content by analyses 34.7 Outline of a
14、nalyses and separation procedures for the determination of biobased contents 35 Calculation methods for biobased content . 45.1 Constituents of a rubber product 45.2 Biobased mass content 55.2.1 Biobased mass content when the biobased constituents are derived wholly from biomass 55.2.2 Biobased mass
15、 content when the biobased constituents are derived partly from biomass. 65.3 Biobased carbon content 75.3.1 Biobased carbon content when the biobased constituents are derived wholly from biomass 75.3.2 Biobased carbon content when the biobased constituents are derived partly from biomass 76 Test re
16、port . 8Annex A (informative) Difference between “biobased carbon content” and “biobased mass content” 9Annex B (informative) Mechanism of 14C insertion into biobased products 10Annex C (informative) Examples for calculation of biobased mass content and biobased carbon content .11Annex D (informativ
17、e) Classification of constituents for rubber products .14Bibliography .15 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS ISO 19984-1:2017ISO 19984-1:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). Th
18、e work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-gov
19、ernmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described i
20、n the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso .org/ directives).Attention is drawn to th
21、e possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO
22、list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions r
23、elated to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rub
24、ber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analysis.A list of all parts in the ISO 19984 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS ISO 19984-1:2017ISO 19984-1:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of nationa
25、l standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Internation
26、al organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended f
27、or its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www .iso
28、.org/ directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will
29、 be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www .iso .org/ patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the voluntary nature of standards, the meani
30、ng of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www .iso .org/ iso/ foreword .html.This document was prepared by Tec
31、hnical Committee ISO/TC 45, Rubber and rubber products, Subcommittee SC 2, Testing and analysis.A list of all parts in the ISO 19984 series can be found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2017 All rights reserved ISO 19984-1:2017(E)IntroductionThe use of biomass materials in rubber compounds helps to decreas
32、e the rubber industrys dependence on fossil resources. It is also expected to lead to a reduction of carbon dioxide emission, reducing global warming and promoting a sustainable global environment.In the ISO 19984 series, biomass is the term used for the biological material from living or recently l
33、iving organisms such as wood and agricultural waste materials.Industrial scale biomass is now readily being grown from numerous types of plants sources and a variety of tree species. Biomass nowadays also includes plant or animal matter used for the production of fibres or chemicals. It may also inc
34、lude biodegradable wastes. Biomass excludes organic materials which have been transformed by geological processes into substances, such as petroleum or coal. Although fossil fuels have their origin in ancient biomass, they are not considered biomass by the generally accepted definition because they
35、contain carbon that has been “out” of the modern carbon cycle.The composition of biomass is mainly carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Nitrogen and small quantities of other elements can also be found.The ISO 19984 series specifies methods for the determination of the biobased content of rubber and rubber
36、products. The results will give manufacturers and users a quantitative indication of their contribution to the preservation of the environment.ISO 19984-1 specifies how to categorize constituents of rubber and rubber products and also how to calculate the biobased content using the compound formulat
37、ion and the chemical structure of each constituent.ISO 19984-2 specifies how to determine the biobased carbon content by radio chemical analyses, i.e. determination of 14C. It can be obtained from the fraction of carbon atoms derived from biomass against the whole amount of carbon atoms in the rubbe
38、r or rubber products. The methods specified in ISO 19984-2 allow consumers to determine the biobased carbon content even when the formulation of the rubber is unavailable.ISO 19984-3 specifies how to separate rubber compounds into constituents, how to obtain each constituents composition ratio and h
39、ow to determine the biobased carbon content of each constituent by chemical analyses. Thus, the biobased mass content for each constituent can be derived and the biobased mass content for the whole rubber can be obtained by summing up all the constituent values. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS ISO
40、19984-1:2017BS ISO 19984-1:2017Rubber and rubber products Determination of biobased content Part 1: General principles and calculation methods using the formulation of the rubber compound1 ScopeThis document specifies the general principles and the calculation methods for the determination of biobas
41、ed content in rubber and rubber products, including polyurethanes, by using the compound formulation. These calculation methods are based on the mass or the carbon mass of each constituent present in the rubber or rubber product.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the te
42、xt in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 1382, Rubber VocabularyISO 19984-2, Rubber
43、and rubber products Determination of biobased content Part 2: Biobased carbon contentISO 19984-3, Rubber and rubber products Determination of biobased content Part 3: Biobased mass content3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 1382 and the fo
44、llowing apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at h t t p :/ www .electropedia .org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at h t t p :/ www .iso .org/ obp3.1radiocarbonradioactive isotope of carbon, 14
45、C, having 8 neutrons, 6 protons and 6 electrons3.2biobased componentbiobased part of a biobased constituent which is wholly or partly from biomass resource(s)3.3biobased contentamount of biobased component(s) (3.2) in a product expressed by carbon % to total carbon or mass % to total product massINT
46、ERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 19984-1:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS ISO 19984-1:2017ISO 19984-1:2017(E)3.4biobased carbon contentamount of biobased component(s) (3.2) in a product expressed by carbon % to total carbon3.5biobased mass contentamount of biobased component(s) (3.2) in a product exp
47、ressed by mass % to total product mass3.6biomassmaterial of biological origin excluding material embedded in geological formations and/or fossilizedNote 1 to entry: For more detailed description, refer to the introduction of this document.3.7biobased natural rubbercis-1,4-polyisoprene rubber obtaine
48、d from botanical sources such as Hevea brasiliensis (Para rubber tree), Parthenium argentatum (guayule), Helianthus annuus (sunflower), Taraxacum kok-saghyz (Russian dandelion), etc.Note 1 to entry: Epoxidized natural rubber and other types of modified natural rubbers are classified as biobased synt
49、hetic rubber for the purpose of calculation because these rubbers contain non-biomass resources.3.8biobased synthetic rubberrubber obtained through chemical and/or biological process(es) wholly or partly from biomass resources3.9fossil-based synthetic rubberrubber obtained through chemical process(es) wholly from fossil resources3.10biobased organic ingredientorganic compounding ingredient wholly or partly from biomass resources3.11fossil-based organic ingredientorganic compounding ingredient
