1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58Method using gold-amalgam collection and analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry or atomic fluor
2、escence spectrometryICS 13.040.30Workplace air Determination of mercury vapour BRITISH STANDARDBS ISO 20552:2007BS ISO 20552:2007This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 March 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 50333 7Amendments issued sin
3、ce publicationAmd. No. Date Commentscontract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.National forewordThis British Standard was published by BSI. It is the UK implementation of ISO 20552:2007.The UK participa
4、tion in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/2, Air quality, to Subcommittee EH/2/2, Work place atmospheres.A list of organizations represented on EH/2/2 can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a INTE
5、RNATIONALSTANDARDISO20552First edition2007-02-15Reference numberISO 20552:2007(E)Workplace air Determination of mercury vapour Method using gold-amalgam collection and analysis by atomic absorption spectrometry or atomic fluorescence spectrometryAir des lieux de travail Dtermination de la vapeur de
6、mercure Mthode combinant un prlvement par amalgamation lor et une dtection par spectromtrie dabsorption atomique ou par spectromtrie de fluorescence atomiqueBS ISO 20552:2007iiiiiContents Page1 Scope 12 Normative references 23 Terms and definitions 24 Principle 45 Reactions 46 Requirement . 57 Reage
7、nts . 58 Apparatus . 58.1 Sampling equipment . 58.2 Analytical instrumentation . 79 Occupational exposure assessment 79.1 General . 79.2 Static (area) sampling . 79.3 Personal sampling . 79.4 Selection of measurement conditions and measurement pattern . 710 Sampling . 910.1 Preliminary consideration
8、s 910.2 Preparation for sampling 1010.3 Sampling position . 1110.4 Collection of samples . 1110.5 Transportation of samples . 1211 Analysis 1212 Expression of results 1312.1 Calculation of the air sample volumes 1312.2 Calculation of airborne mercury concentrations . 1313 Method performance . 1313.1
9、 Detection and quantification limits 1313.2 Upper limits of the analytical range . 1413.3 Blank values 1413.4 Bias and precision 1413.5 Effects on sampler performance 1413.6 Collection efficiency, breakthrough volume and sampling capacity of sorbent tubes 1413.7 Storage stability 1513.8 Interference
10、s 1514 Test report 15Annex A (informative) Temperature and pressure correction 17Annex B (informative) Figures . 19Bibliography . 23BS ISO 20552:2007ivForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies(ISO member bodies). The work
11、of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISOtechnical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has beenestablished has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental andnon-governmental,
12、 in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the InternationalElectrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task
13、 of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standardsadopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as anInternational Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attention is
14、 drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patentrights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 20552 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 146, Air quality, Subcommittee SC 2, Workplaceatmospheres.BS I
15、SO 20552:2007vIntroductionThe health of workers in many industries is at risk through exposure by inhalation of mercury and inorganicmercury compounds. Industrial hygienists and other public health professionals need to determine theeffectiveness of measures taken to control workers exposure, and th
16、is is generally achieved by makingworkplace air measurements. This International Standard has been published in order to make available amethod for making measurements of mercury vapour in the workplace environment, i.e. by static sampling. It isalso of use for making short-term personal exposure me
17、asurements. The standard will be of benefit to:agencies concerned with health and safety at work; industrial hygienists and other public health professionals;analytical laboratories; industrial users of mercury and inorganic mercury compounds and their workers, etc.The procedure described in this In
18、ternational Standard is based upon several published papers 123456that describe methodology for the determination of mercury vapour in air. This procedure has been fullyvalidated and the resulting back-up data are presented in this standard.It has been assumed in the drafting of this International S
19、tandard that the execution of its provisions and theinterpretation of the results obtained, is entrusted to appropriately qualified and experienced people.BS ISO 20552:2007blank1Workplace air Determination of mercury vapour Method using gold-amalgam collection and analysis by atomic absorption spect
20、rometry or atomic fluorescence spectrometry1ScopeThis International Standard specifies a procedure for determination of the mass concentration of mercuryvapour in workplace air using a method of gold-amalgam collection with analysis by either cold vapour atomicabsorption spectrometry (CVAAS) or cold
21、 vapour atomic fluorescence spectrometry (CVAFS).The procedure specifies a number of sampling methods for different applications.a) When it is known that no particulate inorganic mercury compounds are used in the workplace and that noneare produced in the processes carried out, samples of mercury va
22、pour are collected using a pumpedsorbent tube containing porous gold-coated diatomaceous earth. Suitable sorbent tubes are commerciallyavailable or they can be made from sorbent prepared by pyro-decomposition of chloroauric acid hydrogentetrachloroaurate(III) sintered on diatomaceous earth.b) When b
23、oth mercury vapour and particulate inorganic mercury compounds could be present in the testatmosphere, samples of mercury vapour are collected using a pumped sorbent tube fitted with a quartz fibreprefilter to remove particulate inorganic mercury compounds. If desired, the procedure described inISO
24、17733 can be used to collect and analyse separate samples for measurement of particulate inorganicmercury compounds.c) When it is known that no elemental mercury is used in the workplace and that no mercury vapour isproduced in the processes carried out, the procedure described in ISO 17733 can be u
25、sed, if desired, tocollect and analyse samples for measurement of particulate inorganic mercury compounds.The procedure is highly sensitive and suitable for static sampling or for determination of short-term personalexposure to mercury vapour in workplace air. The lower limit of the working range of
26、 the procedure is governedby the lower limit of the analytical range of the CVAAS or CVAFS instrument, which is approximately ofmercury for a sorbent tube containing of sorbent (see 13.1). The upper limit of the working range of theprocedure is governed by the upper limit of the analytical range of
27、the CVAAS or CVAFS instrument, e.g. aboutof mercury (see 13.2). The sampling capacity of one commercially available sorbent tube has been shownto be greater than . The concentration ranges of mercury in air for which the procedure is applicable aredetermined in part by the sampling method selected b
28、y the user.The procedure is suitable for making short-term measurements (e.g. ) when sampling at a flow rate ofbetween and using a commercially available sorbent tube. For assessment oflong-term exposure, such as , this procedure can be used with sampling flow rate of inworkplaces where the concentr
29、ation of mercury vapour is expected to be lower than . If the expectedconcentration of mercury vapour is higher than , it is necessary to use the procedure prescribed inISO 17733.The method is unsuitable for making measurements of mercury vapour in air when chlorine is present in theatmosphere, e.g.
30、 in chloralkali works (see 13.8.1). Gaseous organo-mercury compounds can cause a positiveinterference (see 13.8.2).0,01 ng80 mg1g2g15 min100 ml min11 000 ml min18h 100 ml min120gm320gm3BS ISO 20552:200722 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of
31、 this document. For datedreferences, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document(including any amendments) applies.ISO 17733, Workplace air Determination of mercury and inorganic mercury compounds Method by cold-vapour atomic absorption spect
32、rometry or atomic fluorescence spectrometry3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1 General definitions3.1.1 chemical agentany chemical element or compound, on its own or admixed as it occurs in the natural state or as produced byany wor
33、k activity, whether or not produced intentionally and whether or not placed on the marketEN 1540:199873.1.2 breathing zonegeneral definition space around the workers face from where he or she takes his or her breath3.1.3 breathing zonetechnical definition hemisphere (generally accepted to be in radi
34、us) extending in front of the human face,centred on the mid-point of a line joining the ears; the base of the hemisphere is a plane through this line, thetop of the head and the larynxNOTE 1 The definition is not applicable when respiratory protective equipment is used.NOTE 2 Adapted from EN 15407.3
35、.1.4 exposure (by inhalation)situation in which a chemical agent is present in air, which is inhaled by a person3.1.5 measuring procedureprocedure for sampling and analysing one or more chemical agents in the air, and including storage andtransportation of the sample3.1.6 operating timeperiod during
36、 which a sampling pump can be operated at specified flow rate and back pressure withoutrecharging or replacing the batteryEN 1232:199783.1.7 limit valuereference figure for concentration of a chemical agent in airNOTE An example is the Threshold Limit Value (TLV) for a given substance in workplace a
37、ir, as established by theACGIH9. (Threshold Limit Value is an example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given forthe convenience of users of this International Standard and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product.)0,3 mcircleRcircleRBS ISO 20552:2007
38、33.1.8 reference periodspecified period of time stated for the limit value of a specific chemical agentNOTE Examples of limit values for different reference periods are short-term and long-term exposure limits, such as thoseestablished by the ACGIH9.3.1.9 workplacedefined area or areas in which the
39、work activities are carried outEN 1540:199873.2 Sampling definitions3.2.1 personal samplerdevice attached to a person that samples air in the breathing zoneEN 1540:199873.2.2 personal samplingprocess of sampling carried out using a personal samplerEN 1540:199873.2.3 sampling instrumentsamplerdevice
40、for collecting airborne particles or gaseous materials (vapour), or both3.2.4 sorbent tube, pumpedtube, usually made of metal or glass, containing an active sorbent or reagent-impregnated support, throughwhich sampled atmosphere is passed at a rate controlled by an air sampling pumpEN 1076:1997103.2
41、.5 static samplerarea samplerdevice, not attached to a person, that samples air in a particular location3.2.6 static samplingarea samplingprocess of air sampling carried out using a static (area) sampler3.3 Statistical terms3.3.1 analytical recoveryratio of the mass of analyte measured when a sample
42、 is analysed, to the known mass of analyte in that sample,expressed as a percentage3.3.2 biasconsistent deviation of the results of a measurement process from the true value of the air quality characteristicitselfBS ISO 20552:200743.3.3 precisioncloseness of agreement of results obtained by applying
43、 the method several times under prescribed conditions3.3.4 true valuevalue which characterizes a quantity or quantitative characteristic, perfectly defined in the conditions which existwhen that quantity or quantitative characteristic is consideredNOTE The true value of a quantity or quantitative ch
44、aracteristic is a theoretical concept and, in general, cannot be knownexactly.ISO 3534-2:2006, definition 3.2.5113.3.5 uncertainty (of measurement)parameter associated with the result of a measurement that characterizes the dispersion of the values thatcould reasonably be attributed to the measurand
45、NOTE 1 The parameter may be, for example, a standard deviation (or a given multiple of it), or the width of a confidenceinterval.NOTE 2 Uncertainty of measurement comprises, in general, many components. Some of these components may beevaluated from the statistical distribution of the results of a se
46、ries of measurements, and can be characterized by standarddeviations. The other components, which also can be characterized by standard deviations, are evaluated from assumedprobability distributions based on experience or other information. The Guide to the expression of uncertainty inmeasurement (
47、GUM) 12refers to these different cases as Type A and Type B evaluations of uncertainty, respectively.NOTE 3 Adapted from the International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM) 13.4PrincipleMercury vapour is collected by drawing a known volume of air through a sorbent tube contain
48、ing porous gold-coated diatomaceous earth using a pump. The sorbent tube is preceded by a quartz fibre filter to trapparticulate inorganic mercury compounds when these could be present in the test atmosphere. If desired, theprocedure described in ISO 17733 is used to collect and analyse separate sam
49、ples for measurement ofparticulate inorganic mercury compounds.The sample tube is transported to the laboratory and installed in a mercury analyser, consisting of a doublegold-amalgam unit, or sample applicator unit, and a CVAAS or CVAFS analyser unit. The sample applicator unitcomprises two heaters, separated by a gas washer, and a charcoal filter. The sample tube used for samplingmercury vapour is installed in the first heating unit an
